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Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi
ISSN : 25033654     EISSN : 25032682     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Focus and Scope of this journal are : Chemical Engineering including : bioenergy processing, environmental engineering, natural resource management, Heat and Mass Transfer, Chemical Reaction, Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, Designing tools and chemical processes, Chemical industry process, Computing and modeling (simulation) process, Particle and nano technology, membrane technology, esessential oil technology, and phytopharmaca, etc. Civil Engineering including : technology of construction materials, transportation system, environmental layout, concrete and wood structures, steel construction, bridge and dam construction, management of water resources and Hydrology, earthquake engineering, sanitation systems and urban drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 182 Documents
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Paper Waste Hydrolysis with Stepwise Sulfuric Acid Catalyst Panjaitan, Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan; Nury, Dennis Farina; Hutabarat, Fransisco Xala; Hutabarat, Monalisa
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2023): EDISI SEPTEMBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v8i2.5023

Abstract

The need for paper results in a lot of paper waste. Paper waste, which is lignocellulosic, can be hydrolyzed using an acid catalyst to produce various cellulose degradation products. In this study, the effect of the sulfuric acid catalyst addition method on the waste paper hydrolysis process was investigated. The addition of the catalyst was carried out in three types. The Type-1 method was sulfuric acid addition in the 0th minute. The Type-2 method was sulfuric acid addition in the 0th and 30th minutes. The Type-3 method was sulfuric acid addition every 10 minutes. The results showed that the lowest residual mass of waste paper hydrolyzed was produced using the Type-3 method. This showed that the Type-3 method, sulfuric acid addition every 10 minutes, had an effect on the residual mass of the hydrolyzed sample. The Type-3 method was the most effective type of sulfuric acid catalyst addition compared to other types. On the other hand, variations in the concentration of the sulfuric acid catalyst affect the residual mass of the waste paper hydrolyzed sample, where higher sulfuric acid concentration will lower residual mass. The catalyst concentration of 2% sulfuric acid with The Type-3 addition method resulted in the highest conversion which was 38.27%.
Fermented Sugar From Ultrasound-Assisted Acid Hydrolysis Berenuk Fruit (Crecentia Cujete L.) Indriyani, Nita; Lumbantoruan, Lusiana; Musfika, Ummu; Fathurrahman, F.
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2024): EDISI MARET 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v9i1.5638

Abstract

Berenuk fruit (Crecentia Cujete L) is a non-food plant often found in tropical areas. Berenuk has quite a high content of carbohydrates and its derivatives. Among them are 18.61% carbohydrates, 59.86% sucrose, 25.09% fructose, and 18.24% galactose, so berenuk fruit has the potential to be a source or ingredient for bioethanol. The bioethanol process from biomass goes through several steps: raw material preparation, hydrolysis process and fermentation. The hydrolysis process is the process of breaking down carbohydrate into glucose units which are connected by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Another method of breaking sugar polymers can be done using alternative energy such as ultrasonic waves (50Hz, 50W) or microwaves. In this research, an ultrasonic-assisted acid hydrolysis process was carried out. The type of acid used is concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Ingredients ratio 1:20 (w/v) berenuk powder sample with sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid concentrations used were 1 M, 2 M, and 3 M. Hydrolysis times were 40 minutes, 60 minutes, and 80 minutes at a temperature of 1000C. The results of research that has been carried out on the preparation process of bereneuk fruit have an average water content of 97.44%, so treatment is required before proceeding to the hydrolysis and fermentation process, namely by drying the drying process is carried out directly in sunlight for seven days, then continued by heating the oven for 8 hours at 1000C. In the ultrasonic wave assisted hydrolysis process carried out at a H2SO4 concentration of 3 M, a hydrolysis time of 80 minutes, and a temperature of 1000C produces 22.20% glucose.
Preparation and Characteristics of Kluwak Shell Carbon Adsorbent HR, Yuliani; Ranggina, Dian; Janna, Miftahul; Fadhila, Zulham Nurul; Budiman, Arif
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2024): EDISI MARET 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v9i1.5171

Abstract

Kluwak shell carbon (KTK) is a biomass with potential as an adsorbent, containing cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and fixed carbon at a content of 92.15%. However, the current utilization of KTK in adsorbing free fatty acids and methylene blue is limited and can be improved through thermal activation at a range of temperatures. The study aims to investigate the impact of activation temperature on CEC by examining the adsorption capacity of methylene blue solution, iodine solution, and surface area. Activation was carried out for 2 hours at temperatures ranging from 500 to 900 C on Kluwak shell carbon. The adsorbent performance of the activated KTKAT was initially tested using methylene solution with a concentration of 50 ppm, a volume of 50 ml, and 0.15 grams of KTKAT. The solution was placed in an orbit shaker for 90 minutes and filtered. The absorbance of the filtrate adsorption results was measured at a wavelength of 662 nm using UV VIS. For the second test, 50 ml of 0.1 N Iodine and 0.5 g KTKAT were stirred for 15 minutes and then centrifuged for approximately 15 minutes. A volume of 10 ml of the resulting iodine solution adsorption filtrate was titrated with 0.1 N Sodium Thiosulfate. The surface area was determined using the BET method. The concentration (ppm) of methylene blue solution was determined by converting the absorbance measurement using the standard curve equation. The iodine number was determined by titrating the iodine adsorption filtrate with sodium thiosulfate (ml). These data show that there is an obvious correlation between activation temperature and methylene blue absorbance, iodine number, and surface area. At 800°C, the methylene blue adsorption is 12.41 mg/g, the iodine number is 875.61 mg/g, and the surface area is 561.404 m²/g.
Comparative Analysis of Earthquake Loss Estimation Using HAZUS Method with Modified Building Capacity Curve Sugianto, Joesack Renaldi; Lesmana, Cindrawaty; Milyardi, Roi
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 2 (2024): EDISI SEPTEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v9i2.5676

Abstract

Based on the World Bank publication in 2019, one of the strategies to improve disaster financial resilience is the availability of loss estimation data. As one of the vulnerable countries affected by earthquake disasters, Indonesia does not yet have a widely used pre-disaster estimation model. Model adoption is one of the strategies used to improve disaster resilience in Indonesia. The HAZUS method is a model FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) developed to estimate earthquake losses in the US. The adoption process in Indonesia requires adjustments to the EDP (Engineering Demand Parameter) used in the HAZUS model. The EDP in the HAZUS model consists of capacity curves, fragility curves, and repair cost coefficients. The statistics of buildings affected by earthquakes in Indonesia from 2000 to 2020 show that residential houses are the most affected buildings. This study aims to obtain comparative results of the HAZUS model structural element loss estimation with modified data of local capacity curve pushover results in Indonesia. The study was conducted by performing a pushover analysis on a case study of a residential building to obtain a capacity curve. In this study, the EDP analyzed was only the EDP of the capacity curve. The case study was conducted at housing cluster X in West Bandung Regency, West Java, using house type T94/120 as the case study structure. The results of the capacity curve comparison show that the capacity curve of the local house from the pushover analysis has lower stiffness and ductility. The comparison of loss estimation for single hazard scenarios shows that the modified curve method has the most conservative loss estimation than HAZUS in the hazard of earthquake return periods of 100, 250, 500, and 750 years. The annual loss estimation shows that the modified capacity curve provides the most conservative or 37.5% larger in annual loss estimation.  
Sikahyflex-Epoxy Mixed Adhesive’s Effect on the Aluminum-Composite Joint’s Shear Tensile Strength for the Automotive Industry Hastuti, Sri; Paryanto, Paryanto; Sugiyanto, Gito; Salahudin, Xander; Afandi, Ridwan; Azhari, Fadlan
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2024): EDISI MARET 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v9i1.5435

Abstract

The automotive industry sector encounters challenges in the construction of connections between different materials. Hence, a breakthrough is needed in the automotive industry in manufacturing connections between different wall panel materials. Mixed adhesive materials for different materials are required and represent an innovation in the manufacturing process for joints of different materials due to the need for stiff and slightly ductile adhesives. This research aims to analyze the effect of using a sikahyflex-epoxy mixture adhesive in aluminum-composite joints on the shear tensile strength of the joints for the automotive industry. This research serves as an innovation in dissimilar material connection systems by developing the use of mixed adhesives and cocofiber aluminum-composite adherend materials with environmentally friendly and corrosion-resistant properties. The research material used aluminum 5083-cocofiber composite. The adherend surface was roughened employing sandpaper of #60, #80, and #150. The adhesive used the addition of sikahyflex adhesive to the epoxy adhesive with additional variations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% sikahyflex. Connections between different materials with the single lap joint type refer to ASTM D1002. The roughness test results yielded the best roughness grade #150 on the surface of the aluminum adherend and coco fiber composite. The shear tensile test results by adding 40% sikahyflex adhesive, 0.4 mm adhesive thickness, and #150 sandpapering resulted in a 20% increase in shear tensile strength in the single lap joint of 2.51 N/mm2. The surface roughness enhanced the adhesive bond strength between mechanical interlocking adhesives and adherend. Meanwhile, the failure modes observed in macro observations included thin-layer cohesive failure, cohesive failure, two-stage failure, and stock-break failure modes. The SEM observation revealed that in the initial propagation of microcracking and voids, which mark the initial onset of adhesive failure, tearing took place, leading to a failure mode in the aluminum-composite coco fiber single overlap joint.
The Effect of Catalyst Amount and Time on the Results of Converting Rubber Wood Chip Waste by Catalytic Pyrolysis into Alternative Energy Patrio, Aditia; Rusnadi, Irawan; Syarif, Aida
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2023): EDISI SEPTEMBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v8i2.5063

Abstract

In the rubber plantations of South Sumatra, covering an area of 1,013,969 hectares, there exists an underutilized waste stream known as rubber wood waste. This waste can be subjected to pyrolysis to Yield char, bio-oil, and syngas products. This research is centred on pyrolyzing rubber wood waste, employing various zeolite catalysts and time durations, to explore the potential of alternative energy sources and calculate the Specific Energy Consumption (SEC). The pyrolysis results, with variations in catalysts and time, indicate that the optimal combination is at a temperature of 390°C, using 6% zeolite catalyst, and a duration of 70 minutes. The resultant Yields comprise char at 21.73% with a calorific value of 6264.87 kcal/g, bio-oil at 22.50%, and syngas at 45.28% with a CH4 content of 55.52%. The most SEC-optimal variation is at a temperature of 390°C, using a 6% zeolite catalyst, and 30 minutes, with an SEC value of 3.25 kWh/L.
Optimizing Plate Heat Exchanger Design for Steam Condensate Recovery Systems Malik, Lupi Abdul; Sari, Dessy Agustina
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2024): EDISI MARET 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v9i1.5656

Abstract

Condensate water is typically generated as a by-product during the use of steam as a medium for heat transfer. In order to optimize the transfer area, the chemical industry often employs heat exchangers, such as the plate heat exchanger (PHE), which provides flexibility in adjusting the space area for heat transfer. This case study examines the optimization of plate geometry dimensions to enhance the heat transfer process of PHE equipment design. The optimization process involves mathematical equations and a literature review of the design of this type of heat exchanger. Improving the dimensional aspect of the plate geometry results in an increase in the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) and a reduction in the number of design requirements used. The study's estimation results suggest that the PHE design has a limitation on plate dimensions, which should be less than 0.3×0.6 m. Additionally, it is important to consider the pressure drop value, which should not exceed 29.07 kPa. A review of the chemical industry field provided estimated options for plate size and quantity, both of which support the optimization of heat transfer rate and design constraint thresholds. The implementation of the design has been found to enhance the performance of the planning process for recovering steam condensate water.
Traffic Performance Optimization at Batanghari Intersection Using Microsimulation Ghalib, Kenny; Yossyafra, Yossyafra; Purnawan, Purnawan
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2024): EDISI MARET 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v9i1.5650

Abstract

The Batanghari 1 Bridge serves as a vital link connecting Jambi City and Muaro Jambi Regency. Currently, the traffic density at the Batanghari intersection is notably high, particularly during peak hours, resulting in frequent traffic jams. To address this issue, the Perencanaan dan Pengawasan Jalan Nasional (P2JN) and Planning Consultants executed a Detailed Engineering Design (DED) Planning for the Duplication of the Batanghari 1 Bridge in 2021. The Duplication DED transformed the original intersection into a combination of an intersection and a U-turn. However, a notable challenge emerged during rush hours, especially for Jalan KH.A. Majid, where a U-turn is essential to cross the Batanghari Bridge. In this study, a traffic microsimulation was initiated at the Batanghari intersection. Using PTV Vissim software, microsimulations were conducted under three scenarios: Existing Condition, Detailed Engineering Design (DED), and an Alternative scenario, which involved incorporating a Flyover for KH.A. Majid Road towards Batanghari Bridge. Furthermore, traffic microsimulations were conducted to anticipate conditions over the next two decades. The analysis involved microsimulation using Vissim software, encompassing calibration, trial and error validation of the intersection model considering driver behavior, and GEH tests on traffic volume. The microsimulation results at the Batanghari intersection revealed that the alternative model effectively reduced queues, minimized delay times, and improved overall travel time compared to the proposed model.
Modification of High-Quality Porous Concrete Asphalt with Local Materials as an Alternative to Flexible Pavement Irawati, Irawati; Dewi, Ilanka Cahya
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2024): EDISI MARET 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v9i1.5437

Abstract

Environmental issues and a lack of attention to open space as rainwater catchment areas cause flooding problems in urban areas. Constructing environmentally friendly roads with permeable capabilities is one way to prevent waterlogging along the road in the rainy season. This study evaluated the type of porous asphalt concrete called Open Graded Friction Course specification Japanese standard. This study modified porous asphalt concrete using bamboo fiber and hydrated lime. Stability testing is conducted by the Marshall method, and the volumetric mixture is analyzed. Stability testing is carried out by the Marshall method and analysis of the volumetry of the mixture is carried out. The results showed that adding bamboo fiber and hydrated lime increased stability and maintained the porosity of the porous asphalt concrete.
Flood Model of Downstream Kali Lahar Using HECRAS Harifa, Ayisya Cindy; Purnomo, Fadjar; Sutikno, Sutikno
Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2023): EDISI SEPTEMBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/rekabuana.v8i2.5075

Abstract

Flooding that occurs in the area around Kali Lahar is a problem that always occurs when the rainy season. This research aims to find the causes of flooding in Kali Lahar, located on Jalan Letjen Sutoyo, Malang City, by considering the hydrological conditions in the Kali Lahar subwatershed. The data used in the analysis is rain data from the Sukun, Ciliwung, and Petungsewu stations, with the same data range between 2008 and 2020. There is also spatial data such as DEMNAS and river networks. The analysis is carried out by modeling floods with synthetic unit hydrographs, which are then modeled with HEC-RAS 1D and 2D software to determine whether the river can accommodate flood discharge with a return period of 10 years. The discharge produced by Unit Hydrograph Nakayasu was 134.25 m3/s. This discharge is modeled using HECRAS and produces water levels up to 1.5 m above the banks. Increasing the depth of the channel is an alternative solution for flooding in this area. The simulation results of the new dimension show no flooding in the area around the channel. The results of this research can contribute to the planning and arrangement of existing canals in Malang City so that they can prevent or reduce flooding that occurs.

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