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JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2503331x     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Public Health
Journal of Pharmaceutical Science And Clinical Research (e-ISSN 2503-331x) offers a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to pharmaceutical science and clinical research. Scientific articles dealing with natural products, pharmaceutical science-industry and clinical research, etc. are particularly welcome. The journal encompasses research articles, original research report, reviews, short communications and scientific commentaries pharmaceutical science and clinical research including: bioactive products, chemotaxonomy, chemistry, ecological biochemistry, metabolism, pharmacy management, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, clinical pharmacy, community pharmacy, pharmaceutical social and pharmaceutical industry.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 100 Documents
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Adverse Drug Reactions, Treatment Adherence, and Treatment Outcomes in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: A Single-center, Cross-sectional Study Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Rahmita, Galuh Zhafirah; Fitriani, Sri Wulandah
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i2.87515

Abstract

Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB) is a significant global health issue due to its rapid transmission and high morbidity. The variety of medications used in DRTB treatment increases the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which can contribute to patient nonadherence and adversely affect treatment outcomes. This study aimed to describe the occurrence of ADRs, quantify medication adherence rates, and assess treatment outcomes among patients with drugresistant tuberculosis (DRTB). Furthermore, it sought to analyse the associations between ADRs, demographic and clinical variables, medication adherence, and the associations between ADRs and treatment outcomes. Using a cross-sectional design, this study utilized medical records data and the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB) of adult DRTB patients treated at Universitas Indonesia Hospital from April 1, 2022, to February 28, 2023. A total sampling method was employed to select the research participants. Of the 65 patients, 60 (95.24%) experienced ADRs, and the Medication Refill Adherence method indicated an 89.23% adherence rate. Two patients (3.08%) were classified as successful or cured during the data collection period. Chi-square tests revealed no significant relationship between ADRs and medication adherence (p = 0.373) or treatment outcomes (p = 0.120). All demographic and clinical factors (age, gender, comorbidities, treatment combinations, and potential drug interactions) also showed no significant relationships with adherence (p > 0.05). In contrast, treatment combinations showed significant relationships with treatment outcomes (p = 0.013). These findings highlight the importance of medicines optimisation strategies, including proactive ADR management and adherence support, to improve treatment outcomes in DRTB patients.
The Application of Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus) Extract Ointment Reducing IL-6 and MMP-1 Production in Photodamaged Rat's Skin Ramayanti, Desiani Putri; Putra, Agung; Sumarawati, Titiek
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v11i1.92970

Abstract

Tapak dara Catharanthus roseus (L.) Don extract possesses promising properties that could counteract the detrimental effects of UV-B exposure. Its inherent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities suggest its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing UV-B-induced skin damage. This study aims to analyze the effect of tapak dara extract ointment on IL-6 and MMP-1 levels in photodamaged skin. Twenty-five healthy male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a healthy control group (n = 5) and a UVB-exposed group (n = 20). The UVB-exposed rats received 1 MED for 8 minutes per day, for 10 sessions over 14 days. Skin tissue was collected on day 15 to assess skin damage and validate collagen loss using immunohistochemistry. After validation, photodamaged skin rats were divided equally into four experimental groups: placebo (P2), vitamin E (P3), tapak dara extract 10% (P4), and 20% (P5). The rats were sacrificed at the end of the study, and the skin tissues were analyzed for IL-6 and MMP-1 using ELISA. Based on the analysis results, groups P4 and P5 produced average levels of IL-6 and MMP-1 that were significantly lower than those in P2 (p < 0.050). IL-6 and MMP-1 levels in group P5 reached 188.60 ± 40.60 pg/mL and 1,611 ± 344 pg/mL, respectively. This is likely due to the secondary metabolite content of tapak dara, which acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, suggesting it has potential as a photodamaged skin therapy. As many as 20% tapak dara extract cream effectively reduces IL-6 and MMP-1 levels in UV-B-exposed skin tissue. However, this study did not evaluate changes in skin tissue after treatment with tapak dara extract. Therefore, further research is needed to analyze and validate collagen synthesis following treatment with tapak dara extract.
Physical and SPF Value Stability Studies Avocado Oil Nano-emulgel with Carbopol 980 as A Gel Base Shabrina, Ayu; Pangestu, Diva Ma'arif; Amaliyah, Siska; Prihantini, Malinda; Heroweti, Junvidya; Prastiwi, Listyana Dewi
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i1.100041

Abstract

Avocado oil (AVO) is a natural source of many unsaturated fatty acids that can help protect the skin from harmful UV radiation. The high content of unsaturated fatty acids in avocado oil can affect product stability. One way to overcome the stability of avocado oil for topical preparation is by formulating it into a gel base using Carbopol 980. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical stability and SPF value of avocado oil nano-emulgel (NE) with variations of Carbopol 980 as a gel base for 28 days of storage. AVONE was made with 5% AVO and Carbopol 980 base variation of 0.5% (NE1), 1.0% (NE2;), and 1.5% (NE3.) AVONE was stored in a climatic chamber at 30° ± 2°C with RH 65% ± 5%. The samples were tested for physical and SPF values before storage on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using one-way Anova. The AVONE on organoleptic parameters were stable; the resulting colour is broken-white with a distinctive oil aroma and thick and homogeneous texture. The pH value ranged from 6.21 ± 0.02 - 7.21 ± 0.02, with all formulas stable during storage. The viscosity value ranged from 13.28±0.23 - 47.22±0.89 dPa.s; the viscosity of NE3 was stable during storage. Adhesion and spreadability showed good ability to adhere to the skin. The SPF values ranged from 8.95±0.43 – 22.41±0.21, and NE3 was stable during storage. Avocado oil nano-emulgel with Carbopol 980 concentration of 1.5% was stable during storage.
Cost Analysis of Inpatient Heart Failure Treatment in Jogja Hospital Based On INA-CBG's Tariffs In 2023 Hadning, Ingenida; Kubra, Ahadijatul
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i1.87321

Abstract

Heart failure is a catastrophic disease that requires long-term care, resulting in high costs. This study is the first to evaluate the INA-CBG's tariff based on the Minister of Health Regulation Number 3 of 2023 for treating inpatient heart failure. This study aims to determine the difference in the actual costs of inpatient heart failure treatment in Jogja Hospital with INA-CBG's tariff based on Permenkes Number 3 of 2023. This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional research design and retrospective data collection of medical record data and patient cost data in 2023. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis methods and a one-sample t-test. Data were obtained from 104 patients. The results of this study found that the average real cost for the treatment of inpatient heart failure with code I-4-12-I class 1 is IDR10.302.093 ± Rp5.749.499, class 2 is IDR IDR4.184.959 ± Rp681.730, and class 3 is IDR5.123.572 ± Rp2.242.239. The average real cost for the treatment of inpatient heart failure with code I-4-12-II class 1 is IDR9.764.750 ± Rp5.208.499; class 2 is IDR6.734.834 ± Rp3.82.345, and class 3 is IDR8.549.362 ± Rp4.288.906. The average real cost for treating inpatient heart failure with code I-4-12-III class 1 is IDR6.073.828; class 2 is IDR16.885.496, and class 3 is IDR14.326.130±Rp7.565.598. The average real cost was higher than the INA-CBG's tariff, with a significant difference, so the hospital suffered a loss.
Drug Repurposing for Monkeypox: An Alternative Strategy for Emergency Response Harbulcholizi, Luthfi; Malau, Jekmal; Alfiandri, Ihsan; Zulkifli, Iqbal; Rahmasari, Ratika
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i3.96215

Abstract

The global monkeypox (MPOX) outbreak, which has resulted in more than 100,000 confirmed cases across over 120 countries, underscores the urgent need for effective therapeutic strategies. MPOX, caused by a virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus, poses significant clinical and public health challenges, particularly in regions with limited healthcare capacity. Although the World Health Organization declared MPOX a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in 2022, no specific antiviral treatment has yet been formally approved. While vaccination remains essential for long-term prevention, its impact is constrained by limited availability and unequal global distribution. Consequently, drug repurposing has emerged as a practical, rapid, and cost-efficient strategy to address immediate therapeutic demands during active outbreaks. This narrative review evaluates key repurposed antiviral agents including tecovirimat, brincidofovir, and cidofovir were originally developed for other Orthopoxvirus infections. A structured literature search using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar (2014–2024) identified studies providing clinically relevant evidence regarding their therapeutic roles in MPOX. Tecovirimat demonstrated consistent potential to improve viral clearance, shorten symptom duration, and reduce severe manifestations. Brincidofovir exhibited a more favorable safety profile, albeit with limited clinical data, whereas cidofovir showed antiviral activity but remains restricted by its nephrotoxicity. Collectively, current evidence suggests that drug repurposing offers a timely and resource-efficient option for managing MPOX and mitigating disease burden while vaccine accessibility continues to vary globally. When integrated with targeted public health interventions, repurposed drugs may serve as a crucial interim strategy to reduce transmission and enhance outbreak response capacity.
The Effect of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) Ethanol Extract on LDL Cholesterol Levels and Foam Cell Number in the Aorta of Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Fed A High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet Marcella, Marzha; Wihandani, Desak Made; Artini, I Gusti Ayu; Sumadi, I Wayan Juli; Dwipayana, I Made Pande; Sriwidyani, Ni Putu
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i3.100142

Abstract

A diet high in saturated fat and fructose leads to dyslipidemia, increasing atherosclerosis risk. Although lipid-lowering medications are available, they have certain limitations. Flaxseed, rich in ALA, lignans, and phytosterols, may improve lipid profiles and act as an antioxidant. This study evaluated the effectiveness of flaxseed in preventing LDL cholesterol elevation and aortic foam cell formation in male Wistar rats fed a high-fat, high-fructose (HFHF) diet.This actual experimental study used a post-test-only control group design for 35 days. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: N (normal control, standard diet), K (negative control, HFHF diet), and three treatment groups (P1, P2, P3, HFHF diet) receiving flaxseed ethanol extract at doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kgBW/day. LDL cholesterol levels (mg/dL) and aortic foam cell counts (cells/HPF) were measured. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests for normality and homogeneity, followed by one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Tukey-HSD post hoc tests. LDL cholesterol levels in groups N, P1, P2, and P3 were significantly lower than in group K (p = 0.007), with P2 showing the most significant inhibition (p = 0.035). Foam cell counts were lower in treatment groups than in group K (p = 0.257), but no significant differences were found among them. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) ethanol extract at 400 mg/kgBW/day was the most effective in preventing an increase in LDL cholesterol. However, the extract at all three doses was ineffective in preventing an increase in aortic foam cells in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) fed an HFHF diet.
Evaluasi Rasionalitas Pengobatan Pasien Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever dengan Komplikasi dan Komorbiditas di Rumah Sakit “X” Provinsi Bali Juanita, Rr Asih; Meriyani, Herleeyana; Sanjaya, Dwi Arymbhi; Siada, Nyoman Budiartha; Prascitasari, Nyoman Ayu
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i2.92941

Abstract

Penggunaan obat pada pasien Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) dengan komplikasi dan komorbiditas perlu mendapat perhatian khusus untuk menghindari kejadian Drug Related Problems (DRPs) yang dapat memengaruhi luaran klinis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi rasionalitas pengobatan pada pasien DHF dengan komplikasi dan komorbiditas di Rumah Sakit “X” Provinsi Bali. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Data rekam medis pasien dikumpulkan secara retrospektif tahun 2020-2021. Penilaian rasionalitas pengobatan dilakukan dengan analisis DRPs menggunakan instrumen Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Association (PCNE) versi 9.1. Luaran klinis dianalisis berdasarkan nilai trombosit, hematokrit, leukosit, dan hemoglobin. Analisis hubungan rasionalitas pengobatan terhadap luaran klinis dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-square. Dari total 115 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian, terjadi DRPs pada 33% pasien dan 67% tidak terjadi DRPs. DRPs yang terjadi yaitu P3.2 Unclear problem/complaint (51%); P1.2 Effect of drug treatment not optimal (28%); P1.3 Untreated symptoms or indication (13%); serta P3.1 Unnecessary drug-treatment (8%). Rasionalitas pengobatan tidak berhubungan dengan luaran klinis pasien DHF dengan komplikasi dan komorbiditas di Rumah Sakit “X” Provinsi Bali (p>0,05).
Korelasi antara Aspek Sosiodemografi dan Tingkat Pengetahuan Orang Tua terhadap Rasionalitas Swamedikasi Parasetamol dalam Pengobatan Demam Anak Larasanti, Gita; Yurina, Valentina; Yunita, Ema Pristi
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i3.91407

Abstract

Swamedikasi menggunakan obat bebas seperti parasetamol umum dilakukan oleh orang tua untuk mengatasi demam pada anak, namun penggunaan yang tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan efek samping serius. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai rasionalitas swamedikasi parasetamol dalam penanganan demam anak serta menganalisis pengaruh faktor sosiodemografi dan tingkat pengetahuan orang tua. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan teknik purposive sampling dan dilakukan di beberapa apotek Kota Malang pada Mei–Juni 2024 dengan melibatkan 92 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Lambda dan Somers’d untuk menilai kekuatan korelasi antara faktor sosiodemografi dan tingkat pengetahuan dengan rasionalitas swamedikasi parasetamol. Mayoritas responden adalah perempuan (70,65%) dan berusia 18–28 tahun (46,74%). Sebagian besar memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik (46,74%) dan melakukan swamedikasi secara rasional (56,52%). Faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan rasionalitas swamedikasi adalah tingkat pendidikan (p = 0,002; r = 0,339) dan tingkat pengetahuan orang tua (p < 0,001; r = 0,411). Semakin tinggi pendidikan dan pengetahuan orang tua, semakin rasional praktik swamedikasi parasetamol dalam mengobati demam pada anak.
Unveiling the Anticancer Efficacy of Kaempferol from Moringa oleifera Against Breast Cancer: Insights from an In Silico Investigation Duhita, Maharani Retna; Azhar, Vina Virlana
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v11i1.94156

Abstract

Breast cancer is a significant global health problem that is often encountered in women. Kaempferol from Moringa is known to control breast cancer cells. This study explores the in silico potential of kaempferol compounds derived from Moringa oleifera as breast cancer drug candidates. The results showed that kaempferol compounds have anticarcinogenic potential, with a high Pa value of 0.715, via the target proteins CYP1B1 and HSD17B2. The prediction of physicochemical properties indicates that kaempferol is a viable oral medication candidate, as it adheres to Lipinski's rule of five. However, it is dangerous if swallowed because it is classified as toxicity class 5. Molecular docking analysis indicates that kaempferol has high affinity for the target proteins CYP1B1 and HSD17B2. It can significantly contribute to breast cancer progression, with binding energies of -7.1 kcal/mol and -6.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions predominated the molecular interactions between kaempferol and the target proteins. These findings suggest that kaempferol from Moringa oleifera is a promising lead compound for the development of breast cancer treatments. Despite its potential, further studies are required to mitigate its toxicity risks, as indicated by the pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, and toxicity assessments.
Formulation of Small Quantity Lipid-based Nutrient Supplement (SQ-LNS) Tablet from Soybean: A Preventive Approach on Stunted Birth for Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women Siagian, Virginia Heaven Mariboto; Cung, Johnessa; Anandawijaya, Spica Diani; Febriliani, Sandya Amelia; Widyapuspita, Avika; Sopyan, Iyan
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i2.91338

Abstract

The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, which has not met the requirements of the WHO, makes stunting a national problem. In line with the nutritional intervention in 2020-2030, UNICEF developed SQ-LNS products as a food paste. As an effort to prevent stunting as well as improve product stability, the formulation of Small-Quantity Lipid-based Nutrient Supplements (SQ-LNS) from soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr) in tablet form is proposed to be a solution for pregnant and breastfeeding women. Microencapsulation technology is used to entrap soybean oil as the lipid source of this supplement. This study aims to obtain the best concentration of maltodextrin, soy protein isolate, and carboxymethyl cellulose as a soybean oil coating for felting into SQ-LNS tablet preparation. The best microcapsule is produced from a 40% formula with a percent yield of 28%, encapsulation efficiency of 79.83%, PSD microcapsule of 1.003 μm, and round agglomerated particles with a smooth surface without any residual oil seen under the SEM, and obtained the best formulation and evaluation of SQ-LNS tablets so that they meet the quality standards of good stunting supplement tablets.

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