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JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2503331x     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Public Health
Journal of Pharmaceutical Science And Clinical Research (e-ISSN 2503-331x) offers a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to pharmaceutical science and clinical research. Scientific articles dealing with natural products, pharmaceutical science-industry and clinical research, etc. are particularly welcome. The journal encompasses research articles, original research report, reviews, short communications and scientific commentaries pharmaceutical science and clinical research including: bioactive products, chemotaxonomy, chemistry, ecological biochemistry, metabolism, pharmacy management, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, clinical pharmacy, community pharmacy, pharmaceutical social and pharmaceutical industry.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 100 Documents
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Drug-Related Problems Leading to Hospitalization: A Literature Review Kharisma, Annisa Nur; Rahmawati, Fita; Siswanto, Soni
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v11i1.107839

Abstract

Background: Drug-related problems (DRPs) are described as problems associated with medications that can lead to treatment failure and may also cause hospital admissions. The novelty of this study is that it supplements previous research data with the latest data on DRPs leading to hospital stays, specifically articles published between 2021 and 2025. Objective: This study aims to identify the prevalence of hospitalization due to DRPs, the types of DRPs that lead to hospital admissions, the medications involved, and the risk factors for DRPs. Methods: A literature search was conducted across the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases, limiting publication years to 2021-2025. Results: In the 12 studies reviewed, the frequency of hospitalization due to DRP varied between 5,0% to 57,9%. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), non-compliance, drug interactions, dosing errors, and incomplete therapy indication were the most common types of DRPs that lead to hospitalization. The drugs most commonly involved in DRPs were antidiabetic agents, cardiovascular agents, diuretics, and antineoplastic agents. Age, polypharmacy, and the number and severity of comorbidities were identified as primary risk factors for hospitalization caused by DRPs. Conclusion: The frequency of hospitalization due to DRP varied between 5,0% to 57,9%. Factors such as age, number of medications, and comorbidities influence the frequency of DRPs.
The Miracle from The Yard: Annona muricata as Cancer Chemo-Preventive and Co-Chemotherapy Rovik, Anwar; Jenie, Riris Istighfari; Susidarti, Ratna Asmah
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i1.86516

Abstract

Cancer remains one of the biggest challenges to human health worldwide, with incidence and mortality rates continuing to rise. Popular cancer treatments to date include surgery, radiation-based therapy, chemotherapy, gene therapy, and hormone therapy. Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatment methods for cancer. However, it has unwanted side effects. It has prompted the search for new chemotherapeutic drugs with better efficacy, excellent selectivity, and fewer side effects. In recent years, there has been growing scientific interest in the potential of soursop leaf (Annona muricata) as an anticancer agent. This review paper discusses the phytochemical content of A. muricata and its potential as a co-chemotherapy against various types of cancer. Several bioactive compounds in soursop leaves have been reported, including annopentocin A, muricatetrocin A, annohexocin, isoannonacinone, annomuricin A, muricatin C, corossolin, and arianacin. Extracts from various parts of A. muricata have potential as co-chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate, lung, cervical, liver, and blood cancer. Studies concluded that A. muricata extracts have a good safety and tolerability profile. Its benefits as a co-chemotherapy agent will be even more significant when made into pharmaceutical dosage forms. A. muricata extracts or compounds packaged in pharmaceutical preparations are expected to improve patient's quality of life. However, more research is needed to determine the optimal dosage, route of administration, and potential side effects.
Uji Toksisitas Akut Serbuk Instan Siput Onchidiid (Onchidium typhae) pada Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Betina Wistar Wijianto, Bambang; IH, Hariyanto; Awlia, Salsa Nabila
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i2.79870

Abstract

Siput onchidiid (Onchidium typhae) mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan, antijamur, dan antibakteri, serta kandungan alkaloid, steroid, saponin, asam amino bebas, dan protein yang tinggi. Efek farmakologis dan gizi tersebut menjadikan siput onchidiid memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan minuman fungsional dalam bentuk serbuk instan. Namun, toksisitas akut serbuk instan siput onchidiid harus dipastikan terlebih dahulu sebelum dapat digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas akut dari serbuk instan siput onchidiid secara oral pada hewan uji dengan menggunakan Pedoman OECD No. 425, Acute Oral Toxicity (AOT): Up-and-Down Procedure (UDP). Lima belas ekor tikus (Rattus norvegicus) betina dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok Limit 2.000, kelompok Limit 5.000, dan kelompok kontrol normal. Parameter yang diukur adalah LD50, berat badan, dan indeks organ sebagai data kuantitatif serta perilaku dan aktivitas motorik sebagai data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan LD50 serbuk intan siput onchidiid lebih besar dari 5.000 mg/kgBB. Disamping itu, efek toksik tidak teramati pada berat badan, indeks organ, atau perilaku dan aktivitas motorik pada hewan uji. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa serbuk instan siput onchidiid memiliki LD50 dalam kategori sediaan tidak toksik dan tidak menimbulkan efek toksik pada hewan uji.
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Antibiotik berdasarkan Metode Gyssens pada Peresepan Pasien Covid-19 disertai Koinfeksi Pneumonia di Rumah Sakit “X” Kota Denpasar Juanita, Rr Asih; Siada, Nyoman Budiartha; Sanjaya, Dwi Arymbhi; Meriyani, Herleeyana; Wulandari, Ni Putu Nadya Kirana
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i3.78815

Abstract

Koinfeksi bakteri penyebab pneumonia pada individu dengan Covid-19 berpotensi memperburuk kondisi klinis serta meningkatkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas apabila tidak memperoleh penanganan yang adekuat.Terapi antibiotik yang diberikan harus sesuai dengan derajat keparahan pneumonia yang diukur dengan skor Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI). Ketidaktepatan terapi antibiotik dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya resistensi. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik sangat penting dilakukan untuk meminimalkan risiko ketidaktepatan terapi yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Namun, penelitian mengenai evaluasi kesesuaian antibiotik pada peresepan pasien Covid-19 disertai koinfeksi pneumonia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian antibiotik pada peresepan pasien Covid-19 disertai koinfeksi pneumonia di Rumah Sakit “X” Kota Denpasar. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari rekam medis pasien kemudian dievaluasi secara kualitatif menggunakan metode gyssens, secara kuantitatif dengan Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), serta hubungan kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik dengan perbaikan derajat keparahan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Fisher. Evaluasi kesesuaian antibiotik secara kualitatif menunjukkan sebesar 87% termasuk kategori IVA (ada alternatif antibiotik yang lebih efektif), 3% kategori IIIA (penggunaan antibiotik terlalu lama), dan 10% kategori 0 (penggunaan antibiotik tepat). Hasil evaluasi secara kuantitatif menunjukkan nilai PDD yaitu cefepime (6 gram/hari); cefotaxime (4,2 gram/hari); cefuroxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone + sulbactam (3 gram/hari); cefoperazone (2,67 gram/hari); ceftriaxone (1 gram/hari); levofloxacin (0,75 gram/hari), azithromycin (0,5 gram/hari), dan moxifloxacin (0,4 gram/hari).Kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik tidak memiliki hubungan terhadap perbaikan derajat keparahan pasien Covid-19 disertai koinfeksi pneumonia (p = 1,000).
Isolasi Fungi Tanah Muara Desa Katialada Gorontalo dan Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus Zanuba, Nafa Rosyida; Arifin, Muhammad Zainul; Tauladani, Saeful Akhmad; Muharram, Gani Asri; Asia, Asia; Triatmoko, Bawon; Wulandari, Lestyo; Nugraha, Ari Satia
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i2.91460

Abstract

Penyalahgunaan antibiotik sebagai agen terapi pada infeksi dapat memberikan ancaman resistensi antibiotik yang mengakibatkan efektifitas pengobatan menjadi kurang optimal. Untuk mengatasi persoalan tersebut, banyak penelitian dilakukan untuk mencari agen antibakteri baru dari bahan alam seperti fungi tanah sebagai pengujian antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri dari metabolit sekunder fungi tanah terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang ditunjukkan melalui nilai persen penghambatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mikrodilusi untuk mngetahui besaran aktivitas antibakteri pada sampel fungi tanah. Fungi tanah didapatkan dari sampel tanah yang diambil dari desa Katialada, Gorontalo dengan kode lokasi BTG-6 dan dikultur pada media PDA dan diisolasi pada media PDA baru hingga didapatkan 11 isolat tunggal. Skrining awal aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode uji antagonis pada 11 isolat dengan hasil enam isolat diantaraya memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Keenam isolat tersebut akan dilakukan fermentasi dan ekstraksi menggunakan etil asetat untuk mendapatkan ekstrak yang akan digunakan pada pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan keenam isolat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri uji dan direpresentasikan melalui persen penghambatan pada masing-masing isolat sebesar IS2-BTG6- 1-1 sebesar 34,6 ± 2,4%; IS3-BTG6-1-3-2 sebesar 42,8 ± 3,1%; IS2-BTG6-3-3 sebesar 41,1 ± 4,4%; IS3-BTG6-1-2-1 sebesar 41,8 ± 2,9%; IS3-BTG6-1-2-2 sebesar 47,8 ± 2,6%; IS2-BTG6- 3-3 sebesar 59,2 ± 4,8%.
Aplikasi Serum Nanoekstrak Daun Pucuk Merah (Syzigium myrtifolium Walp.) Terenkapsulasi Nanopartikel sebagai Antioksidan Lestari, Uce; Sani, Fathnur; Muhaimin, Muhaimin; Yuliana, Yuliana; Mekeama, Luri
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v11i1.109730

Abstract

Perkembangan sistem penghantaran berbasis nanoteknologi dalam bidang kosmetik semakin meningkat, salah satunya melalui serum nanoekstrak yang mampu meningkatkan stabilitas dan efektivitas bahan aktif terutama yang berasal dari bahan alam seperti Nanoekstrak Daun Pucuk Merah (Syzigium myrtifolium Walp). Senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik pada ekstrak Daun Pucuk Merah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tinggi, namun rentan mengalami degradasi akibat paparan cahaya dan oksidasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formula serum nanoekstrak daun pucuk merah dengan karakteristik fisik dan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik. Nanoekstrak diformulasikan menggunakan metode gelasi ionik dengan polimer kitosan dan alginat serta natrium tripolifosfat sebagai crosslinker, selanjutnya di formulasi dalam sediaan serum. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan ukuran partikel berada pada rentang 135,5-194,4 nm dengan nilai PDI pada rentang 0,463-0,991 dan rentang zeta potensial -23,7 mV s.d -25,6 mV. Formula Nanoekstrak Daun Pucuk Merah (NDPM) menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 1,86 ppm, lebih baik dibandingkan ekstrak daun pucuk merah tanpa formulasi nanoteknologi yang memilik nilai IC50 sebesar 6,16 ppm. Formula II Serum Nanoekstrak Daun Pucuk Merah (SNDPM) dengan berat ekstrak 0,28 g menghasilkan karakteristik fisik, stabilitas dan aktivitas antioksidan yang terbaik. Serum Nanoekstrak Daun Pucuk Merah (SNDPM) berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai kosmetik alami yang inovatif, aman, dan ramah lingkungan untuk melindungi kulit dari radikal bebas dan paparan sinar ultraviolet.
Aktivitas Penghambatan Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) dan Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Buah Api-api (Avicennia marina) Palupi, Dwi Hadi Setya; Haryanti, Sri; Prahasiwi, Masitoh Suryaning; Utomo, Retno Sari
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i1.98721

Abstract

Pengobatan farmakologis untuk diabetes didasarkan pada peningkatan ketersediaan insulin dan perbaikan sensitivitas insulin. Saat ini, terapi berbasis glukagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) bertujuan untuk mengendalikan glukosa melalui penghambatan enzim DPP-4. Api-api (Avicennia marina) merupakan mangrove yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia, namun pemanfaatannya sebagai obat oleh masyarakat masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada ekstrak maupun fraksi buah api-api dan menentukan aktivitas penghambatannya terhadap enzim dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi dalam etanol 96%, dilanjutkan fraksinasi dengan metode cair-cair untuk mendapatkan fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, dan air. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan dengan uji warna dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Aktivitas penghambatan enzim DPP-IV dilakukan menggunakan metode fluoresensi dengan substrat fluorogenik Gly-Pro-aminomethyl-coumarin (AMC). Rendemen hasil ekstraksi buah api-api (Avicennia marina) sebesar 48,06% sedangkan fraksinasi dari ekstrak menghasilkan fraksi air dengan rendemen terbesar (31,54%). Hasil skrining fitokimia dan KLT memperlihatkan ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat buah api-api mengandung flavonoid, triterpenoid/steroid, tanin, dan saponin. Fraksi air terdeteksi mengandung flavonoid, tanin, dan terpenoid, sedangkan fraksi n-heksan hanya mengandung flavonoid dan triterpenoid.  Aktivitas penghambatan DPP-4 fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi air dalam nilai IC50 berturut-turut yaitu 5,19; 1,36; dan 2,51 mg/mL. Fraksi etil asetat buah api-api putih memiliki aktivitas penghambatan DPP-4 terbaik, sehingga dapat menjadi sumber antidiabetik alami.
Safety Assessment of Proton-Pump Inhibitors: Study of Cardiovascular Adverse Events Using Global Pharmacovigilance Data Azzahra, Salma Nur Azizah; Rahmawati, Fita; Nugroho, Agung Endro
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v11i1.107840

Abstract

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been associated with adverse cardiovascular events, underscoring the need for comprehensive safety evaluation, yet systematic consolidation of data on PPI-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) leading to cardiovascular events remains lacking. This study aims to descriptively analyze cardiovascular events related to PPI use to summarize their safety profile. A quantitative descriptive analysis was performed on cardiovascular ADRs associated with PPIs using global pharmacovigilance data. The top 25 reported cardiovascular ADRs for each PPI were identified from VigiAccess launched by World Health Organization (WHO) global database. We selected the same 20 set potential ADRs using Venny 2.1.0 to enhance the comparability of data and we summarized by frequency and percentage. A total of 15,263 cardiovascular ADR cases were identified. Omeprazole showed the highest reports, mainly palpitations (1,675 cases; 28.5%), cardiac flutter (759 cases; 12.91%), tachycardia (549 cases; 9.34%), and myocardial infarction (498 cases; 8.47%). Pantoprazole reported palpitations (893 cases; 27.43%), tachycardia (332 cases; 10.20%), and cardiac flutter (326 cases; 10.01%), while lansoprazole (1,782 cases; 11.7%) reported palpitations (451 cases; 25.3%), tachycardia (166 cases; 9.3%), and cardiac flutter (153 cases; 8.6%). Esomeprazole was most associated with myocardial infarction (951 cases; 21.88%), palpitations (621 cases; 14.29%), and cardiac failure congestive (380 cases; 8.74%). PPIs are associated with cardiovascular ADRs such as palpitations and myocardial infarction, emphasizing the importance of careful risk assessment during therapy.
Formulation of Calcium-Protein Capsule Supplements for Stunting Toddlers by Utilizing Leftover Milkfish Bones Production Nurhaliza, Sarah Raisya; Anggi, Joseph Fide; Christella, Angel; Hess, Aurelina Yunita; Nadhira, Mazaya Salwa; Sopyan, Iyan
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i1.90769

Abstract

Stunting is a health problem in children due to chronic malnutrition. Stunting is characterized by failure of growth and development in children. If stunting occurs during the Golden Period (age 0-5 years), it can impact the child's brain cells, causing them not to grow optimally. Indonesia has a stunting prevalence of 36% and has not reached the WHO's expected level of below 20%. Milkfish bones (Chanos chanos) are the remaining processed products of the fishing industry that have not been maximally utilized and will generally be disposed of into the environment or reprocessed and used as animal feed. With the presence of calcium and protein in the milkfish's bones, the milkfish's bones can be utilized as capsule supplements to address stunting in toddlers. This research was conducted to determine milkfish bones' calcium and protein content and obtain the most suitable capsule supplement formulation for stunting. This research was carried out through several stages, such as making milkfish bone powder, formulating and making stunting capsule supplements, evaluating the preparation, and analyzing and concluding the research results. The calculation of the consumption capsule supplement dose uses the percentage of calcium and protein content determined by AAS and Kjeldahl, which is then multiplied by the total weight of the capsule. The capsule consumption frequency is determined to fulfill the calcium requirement. The dose analysis and calculation results indicate that toddlers aged 1-3 years can consume two capsules daily, which is equivalent to 264.96 mg calcium and 88.32 mg protein, while toddlers aged 4-8 can consume three capsules daily, which is equivalent to 397.44 mg calcium and 32.48 mg protein. The dosage is determined based on the daily calcium needs of toddlers, which is 700 mg for children aged 1-3 years and 1000 mg for children aged 4-8 years. Therefore, developing milkfish bones with their calcium and protein content into capsule supplements could address toddler stunting.
Review: Characterisation and Dissolution of Low Solubility Active Substances in S-SNEDDS Preparations with Various Manufacturing Methods Ulfa, Rodhia; Pratiwi, Husnun Khairunnisa’
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v10i2.65818

Abstract

SNEDDS is composed of a drug, surfactants, co-surfactants, and oils. Developing and optimising the correct formulation is necessary to minimise time and expense, and ensure the correct formulation. This review aimed to determine the characteristics and solubility of S-SNEDDS preparations made employing various manufacturing methods and the most effective and efficient drying procedures for low-water-soluble active ingredients. The method utilised was a literature study technique, which involved searching for literature in the form of primary data in the form of national and international journals published in the last ten years, starting from 2011 to 2021. The methods of making S-SNEDDS examined were adsorption to the solid carrier, spray drying, and freeze-drying using various dryers. The method of producing S-SNEDDS, adsorption to a solid carrier, possessed better characteristics and dissolution of the drug than the other two methods. The recommended drier was Aerosil 200, which effectively binds moisture and produces powder characteristics that fulfill the requirements. 

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