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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 14104830 EISSN : 25021966 DOI : -

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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.

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Articles 869 Documents

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IDENTITAS BUDAYA SEKTOR AUDIOVISUAL DI IDENTITAS BUDAYA SEKTOR AUDIOVISUAL DI Windarsih, Ana
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Audiovisual sector is an important factor in American, because this sector gives growing revenue more than other sectors like automotive industry, transportation, manufacturing and petrochemicals. American has interest for growing industry that comfortable with imperialism system as an American’s ideology. In the other hand, for developing countries including Indonesian as importer products American have the amazing cultural identities. How struggle’s Indonesian defend cultural identities and what Indonesian’s cultural diversity can empower and can counter American products blooding. Key words: cultural identity, audiovisual sector, free trade

PENELITIAN SOSIAL BUDAYA MARITIM DAN SUMBANGANNYA PADA KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DI BIDANG PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN Imron, Mashuri; Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Interaksi antara nelayan dengan lingkungan laut telah menimbulkan kebudayaan tersendiri. Oleh karena itu, Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan kebudayaan (P2KK) - LIPI melakukan penelitian permasalahan kelautan dan perikanan di Indonesia, khususnya terkait dengan permasalahan sosial budaya masyarakat nelayan dan masyarakat pesisir pada umumnya. Tulisan ini menjelaskan perkembangan penelitian maritim di P2KK-LIPI, dan sumbangannya pada kebijakan pemerintah di sektor kelautan dan perikanan di Indonesia. Ada tujuh topik penelitian yang telah dilakukan, yaitu: (1) aspek-aspek sosial budaya masyarakat maritim, (2) hak ulayat laut, (3) kooperatif manajemen (ko-manajemen), (4) konflik kenelayanan, (5) pengelolaan sumber daya laut dalam era otonomi daerah, (6) perubahan iklim, dan (7) peran nelayan dalam mengatasi penyelundupan manusia. Penelitian-penelitian tersebut telah memberikan sumbangan pemikiran pada kebijakan pemerintah di sektor kelautan dan perikanan. Penelitian hak ulyat laut misalnya, telah menyadarkan pemerintah tentang pentingnya pengakuan dan penghormatan terhadap pengelolaan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat hukum adat. Begitu pula penelitian penerapan hak pengusahaan pesisir juga telah mendorong munculnya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil, yang menghapus pasal-pasal yang berkaitan dengan HP-3, sebagaimana diamanatkan olah Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 3/PUU-VIII/2010. The interaction between fishermen and the marine environment has led to its own culture. Therefore, Center for Social and Cultural Studies conducted research on marine and fisheries issues in Indonesia, especially related to social and culture issues of fishermen and coastal community in general. This paper describes the development of maritime research in P2KK LIPI, and its contribution to goverment policy in the marine and fisheries sector in Indonesia. There are seven research topics that have been done, namely: (1) social and cultural aspects in maritime community, (2) marine tenure, (3) co-management, (4) fisheries conflicts, (5) management of marine resources in the era of regional autonomy, (6) climate change, and (7) the role of fishermen in overcoming people smuggling. These studies have contributed to the idea of goverment policies in the marine and fisheries sector. Research about marine tenure for example, has made the government aware the importance of recognition and respect for the management conducted by traditional legal community. Similarly, research about implementation of coastal concession rights has also encouraged the emergence of Act Number 1 of 2014, about Amandement on Act Number 27 of 2007 about Management of Coastal Area and Small Islands, which removed articles related to HP-3, as mandated by the Decicion of the Constitution Court Number 3/PUU-VIII/2010.

PERAN ISTERI DALAM MENJAGA STABILITAS EKONOMI KELUARGA NELAYAN Usman, Usman
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The article aims to explain the role of wives in maintaining economic stability of fishermen family. The role of wives is not only limited in domestic domain, but also in the field of economic and social. For fishermen’s wives, gender bias which used to preserve the role of man and woman is not really dominant right now. In contrast, the wife has a greater and more dominant role in her family life. Furthermore, the wife is demanded to be more creative to cope with the fluctuative income of her husband. In consequence, it is not easy to be a wife of fisherman. There are three obligations should be done by the wife. Firstly, is the domestic duties; second, is being creative to assist the income of the husband; the last is participating in various social activities. Keywords: The role of wives, economic stability, fishermen

THE CLASSIFICATION OF HABERMAS EPISTEMOLOGY AND ITS IMPLICATION TOWARD SOCIAL-CULTURAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Saidi, Anas
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

As a branch of philosophy which studies the nature of science, epistemology seems to be neglected in the research world. Some of young researchers assume that epistemology is only an abstract philosophical material unrelated with the methodology. As a consequence, research is often conducted based on the known methods rather than the nature of the reality. From the very beginning, therefore, the research has been biased in methodology. This paper discusses the classification of Habermas’ epistemology. Habermas has classified the science paradigm into three categories, namely (1) Positivism (Technical knowledge interest or dominative knowledge), (2) Interpretative Paradigm (Humanistic or practical knowledge Interest or descriptive science), and (3) Critical Paradigm (Emancipatory knowledge interest/ liberating knowledge). Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each paradigm will encourage the researchers to determine the appropriate methodology based on the the nature of reality. Keywords: implication, epistemology, methodology, social-cultural, Jurgen Habermas

Dinamika Implementasi Kebijakan Keagamaan di Indonesia Rohman, Muhammad Saifullah
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Judul : Religion and Regulation in Indonesia Penulis : Ismatu Ropi Penerbit : Palgrave Macmillan-Springer Nature Cetakan : I Tahun : 2017 Tebal : 263 halaman

PEKERJAAN SOSIAL DALAM PEMBANGUNAN KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL Hadi, Aulia
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 10, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Judul Buku : Membangun Masyarakat Memberdayakan Rakyat (Kajian Strategis Pembangunan Kesejahteraan Sosial dan Pekerjaan Sosial) Pengarang : Edi Suharto, Ph.D. Penerbit : PT. Refika Aditama Bandung Tahun Terbit : 2006 Jumlah Halaman : (xvi + 274) halaman

UPACARA SEBA BADUY: SEBUAH PERJALANAN POLITIK MASYARAKAT ADAT SUNDA WIWITAN Isnendes, Retty
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This article takes the theme of seba ceremony held by the traditional community of Baduy, which is assumed to be a traditional-political journey that has been held for centuries since the founding of Banten Sultanate. The writing aims to: Explain text (ceremony event) and describe the co-text and context of seba ceremony. The method used was descriptive qualitative, conducted through library research, observation, interview, and recording. Data were processed using transcription, analysis, and interpretation. The data collected consisted of seba leutik (small seba) ceremony from May 1-5, 2014 and seba ageung (the grand/big ceremony) from April 23-26, 2016. The results reveal that seba ceremony is held simultaneously by Baduy community (Baduy Luar and Dalam/Outer and Inner Baduy) with different procedures. What distinguishes the ceremony is the existence of lalampah, a journey heading to the capitals of the Regency and Province, which is done by Baduy Dalam community by foot, while Baduy Luar community do this by vehicle. The seba ceremony itself consists of seba ageung (the grand/big ceremony) and seba leutik (small seba), held annually. Seba is the awarding of marks of honor and recognition by Baduy community as those who ‘nu tapa di mandala’ (meditate in the holy land) to those who ‘nu tapa di nagara’ (meditate in the state). With these political marks, they expect that their rights of communal land protection and community prosperity will be fulfilled. The accompaniments to the text of seba are goods resulted from the holy ritual of kawalu, namely laksa and produce as well as rajah utterances (mantra) and traditional speeches. Keywords: Seba Baduy, traditional politic, Sunda Wiwitan Tulisan ini mengangkat upacara seba yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat adat Baduy yang diasumsikan sebagai perjalanan politik tradisional yang telah dilakukan berabad-abad lamanya, semenjak kesultanan Banten berdiri. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah: memaparkan teks (peristiwa upacara), mendeskripsikan ko-teks, dan konteks upacara seba. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara, dan perekaman. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan transkripsi, analisis, dan interpretasi. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah upacara seba leutik (seba kecil) pada tanggal 01 s.d. 05 Mei 2014 dan seba ageung (seba besar) pada tanggal 23-26 April 2015. Hasilnya adalah bahwa upacara seba dilakukan pada waktu bersamaan oleh masyarakat Baduy (dalam dan luar) dengan tata cara yang berbeda. Hal yang membedakannya adalah adanya lalampah yang dilakukan oleh orang Baduy Dalam dengan berjalan kaki menuju kota Kabupaten dan Propinsi, sedangkan orang Baduy Luar menggunakan kendaraan. Upacara seba terdiri atas seba ageung (seba raya/besar) dan seba leutik (seba kecil) yang dilakukan selang setahun sekali. Seba adalah menyerahkan tanda penghormatan dan penghargaan masyarakat Baduy sebagai ‘nu tapa di mandala’ (yang bertapa di tanah suci) pada mereka ‘nu tapa di nagara’ (yang bertapa di negara). Dengan tanda politis tersebut, mereka berharap haknya terpenuhi atas perlindungan tanah ulayat dan kesejahteraan masyarakatnya. Hal-hal yang menyertai teks seba adalah barang-barang yang berupa hasil ritual suci kawalu, yaitu laksa dan hasil bumi, juga tuturan rajah (mantra) dan pidato tradisional. Kata kunci: Seba Baduy, politik tradisional, Sunda wiwitan

DISCOURSE ON ‘FEMALE CHASTITY’ AS RATIONALIZATION TO JUSTIFY SEXUAL OFFENSE: Qualitative Case Study of Male Sexual Transgressors Poerwandari, Elizabeth Kristi; Soekandar, Adriana; Hanum, Lathifah
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 16, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The present qualitative study explores the rationalization of 24(twenty-four) men reported to the police of conducting sexual offense, to justify their sexual offense or transgression. Denials vary from absolute denial, minimization, such as claiming of having mutual consent sex, denial of victim harm, and a rarer phenomenon but apparent in two subjects, a kind of depersonalization. More specific denials relate to gender-based rationalization is prevalent, such as having unharmonious relationship with wife therefore they need other women for sexual outlet, or the girls are not ‘good girl’. Very strong rationalization is related to the discourse on ‘female chastity’ in which offenders justify their behavior as OK since their target subjects are not ‘good girls’, be evidenced by they are not virgin anymore, hang out at night, or have relation with other men. Offenders who are in relationships with their victims need to prove the chastity of their female partner, or felt suspicious and angry about the past relationships of the girls therefore forcing sex or conducting sexual assault. Offender might adopt a ‘professional’, a ‘hero’, a ‘revenger’ as well as a ‘victim’ role. All cannot be separated from the cultural context of Indonesia and are explaining the beliefs of male offenders about men as superior and having authority over women. Keywords: sexual offense; female chastity; cultural context

CITRA EMANSIPASI PEREMPUAN DALAM KISAH MAHABARATA: PELURUSAN MAKNA PERAN DAN KEBEBASAN BAGI PEREMPUAN MODERN Dewi, Kartika Rahmat Sari; Andayani, Andayani; Wardhani, Nugraheni Eko
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menemukan simbolisme dan wujud nilai emansipasi yang terdapat pada tokoh-tokoh perempuan dalam kisah pewayangan, khususnya Mahabarata. Sebagai bentuk kontruksi sosial, emansipasi memunculkan pemahaman baru pada kaum perempuan terkait dengan peran dan posisinya dalam ranah domestik maupun publik. Munculnya anggapan perempuan harus mampu tampil di depan publik mulai disetujui semua kalangan, namun di sisi lain mulai tidak diimbangi dengan pemenuhan tugas dalam ranah domestiknya. Hal tersebut dilatarbelakangi banyaknya pemahaman dan praktik yang keliru terkait makna peran dan kebebasan di kalangan perempuan, di mana semuanya terjadi dalam rangka mengusung persamaan hak, sebagai prinsip dasar dari adanya emansipasi. Fenomena ini berimplikasi pada munculnya kesenjangan antara ambisi untuk dapat totalitas berperan di ruang publik dan pemenuhan kewajiban personalnya di ranah domestik. Kajian berikut bertujuan untuk dapat menemukan nilai-nilai ideal yang berkaitan dengan peranan kaum perempuan, khususnya yang terkandung di dalam sastra Jawa klasik. Hasil dari kajian merupakan perbandingan antara makna emansipasi perempuan yang saat ini dianut di masyarakat, dengan konsep peranan perempuan yang terjabarkan dalam kisah Mahabarata. This paper aims to find the symbolism and emancipation value form found in female characters in puppet stories, especially Mahabharata. As a form of social construction, emancipation creates a new understanding for women in relation to their roles and positions in the domestic and public sphere. The emergence of women's assumption must be able to appear in public began to be approved by all circles, but on the other hand began not matched by the fulfillment of duties in the domestic realm. This is due to the many misunderstandings and misconceptions related to the meaning of roles and freedom among women, where everything happens in order to promote equality, as a basic principle of emancipation. This phenomenon has implications for the emergence of the gap between ambition to be able to play a role in the public sphere and fulfillment of personal obligations in the domestic sphere. The following study aims to find the ideal values related to the role of women, especially those contained in classical Javanese literature. The result of the study is a comparison between the meanings of women's emancipation that is currently embraced in society, with the concept of the role of women in the Mahabharata story.

INTEGRITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DALAM PERIZINAN PEMANFAATAN AIR BAWAH TANAH DI DKI JAKARTA Wahyono, Ary; Wardiat, Dede
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 14, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The failure of government to provide water supplies for industries and households in DKI Jakarata and its surrounding will exacerbates the condition of water resources in Jabodetabek. Therefore, gratification in ground water services occurs in the permit process, especially on the stage in obtaining technical recommendation which is proposed in order to conduct drilling to decide the the location of ground water and subsequently recommendation letter will be issued as consideration to grant permit for taking ground water (SIPAT). Gratification can be occurred in law enforcement process. Since the enactment of the law no 7/2004 on water resources, violence is not categorized as administrative sanction only but also criminal. Based on this law the police can arrest the offenders. Gratification practice occurs when there is an effort to shifting from criminal sanction to non criminal. The others thing related to public services is the enactment of new taxation law comes into force 2011 where previously tax manage by provincial level now transfer to city/regent level. With this enactment there is probability to eliminate the fundamental function of ground water as temporary replacement of surface water. Ground water is seen as source to increase local revenue. This trend is predicted gives significant impact to the condition of ground water in the future.

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