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Al-Maslahah
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Pontianak
ISSN : 19070233     EISSN : 25028367     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Economy,
Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Al-Maslahah (ISSN: 1907-0233, E.ISSN: 2502-8367) is a scientific journal in the fields of syari’ah that published by Syari’ah and Islamic Economic Faculty. Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies. This journal contains the masterpiece of professional writers and researchers. The vission of the journal is to be qualified Syari'ah journal either locally or internationally level. Meanwhile, the mission of Al-Maslahah is disseminating professional ideas of Syari'ah study to lectures, researcher, and those who have concern of this field. This journal warmly welcomes contribution from scholars and experts of related disciplines. Al-Maslahah is published biannually i.e. April and October.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 132 Documents
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KEDUDUKAN WALI SEBAGAI SYARAT SAHNYA PERKAWINAN DALAM HUKUM ISLAM: Perspefktif Historis dan Ushul Fiqh Chamim Tohari
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i1.1894

Abstract

Isu tentang hak dan kedudukan wali nikah dalam hukum Islam merupakan salah satu objek perdebatan dalam sejarah perkembangan hukum Islam. Para ulama mazhab, bahkan hingga saat ini belum mencapai kesepakatan tentang hukum pernikahan yang dilakukan tanpa adanya wali.. Perbedaan tersebut bertolak dari pemahaman para ulama mazhab terkait dengan dasar hukum hadis yang digunakan sebagai sumber dalam menggali hukum. Kajian ini dibatasi pada dua permasalahan berikut: (1) Bagaimana hak dan kedudukan wali nikah menurut pandangan mazhab empat (Hanafi, Maliki, Syafi’i, dan Hanbali)?; (2) Bagaimana hak dan kedudukan wali nikah tersebut apabila ditinjau dari konteks kekinian? Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka (library research), sedangkan model analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis perbandingan (comparative analysis) dimana dalam hal ini penulis berusaha memperbandingkan konsep hukum wali nikah menurut pada ulama mazhab dengan konteks sosial yang berkembang saat ini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Mayoritas ulama mazhab sepakat bahwa pernikahan tidak sah jika dilakukan tanpa wali. Namun demikian tidak ada keterangan yang tegas mengenai hak dan kedudukan wali dalam pernikahan dalam arti apakah seorang wali cukup hadir dalam pernikahan anak perempuannya, ataukah seorang wali mempunyai hak untuk mengizinkan atau membatalkan suatu pernikahan yang akan dilaksanakan. Berbeda dengan jumhur ulama, mazhab Hanafi berpendapat bahwa pernikahan dianggap sah meskipun tanpa adanya wali nikah. (2) Terkait dengan apakah hukum wajibnya wali dalam pernikahan bersama hak ijbar yang melekat padanya masih relevan dengan situasi kekinian? Penulis dalam hal ini berpendapat bahwa 'illat hukum dari wajibnya kehadiran dan izin wali dalam pernikahan adalah untuk memelihara kemaslahatan anak gadis yang hendak menikah dan melindunginya dari kemudharatan akibat pernikahan tersebut (disebabkan karena anak gadis yang hendak menikah belum dewasa atau tidak memiliki pengalaman yang memadai dalam memilih pasangan hidup), maka kehadiran wali adalah wajib selama 'illat hukum tersebut masih ada dalam suatu pernikahan. Sebaliknya, ketika 'illat hukum yang dimaksud sudah tidak ditemukan dalam suatu akad pernikahan, misalnya bagi pernikahan seorang perempuan yang telah dewasa, terdidik, dan mampu memilih yang baik dan buruk bagi hidupnya, maka dalam konteks ini kewajiban menghadirkan wali dan meminta persetujuannya tersebut tidak diperlukan lagi.
RUMAH TANGGA SOPIR TRUK PERSPEKTIF KELUARGA SAKINAH (Studi di Desa Sukanegara Kecamatan Tanjung Bintang Jayusman Jayusman; Nenan Julir; Novia Heni Puspitasari
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i1.1871

Abstract

Suami yang berprofesi sebagai sopir truk merupakan sebuah pilihan. Hal inilah yang terjadi di Desa Sukanegara kec.Tanjung Bintang kab. Lampung Selatan. Profesi ini identik dengan memiliki jam kerja yang tidak pasti, pulang tidak sesuai yang diinginkan dikarenakan perjalanan jauh dan memakan waktu yang cukup lama, kekhawatiran terjadi perselingkuhan karena kesempatan mencari pasangan lain sangat terbuka lebar, sehingga hal ini diduga dapat mempengaruhi keharmonisan rumah tangganya. Selanjutnya akan dibahas lebih lanjut Bagaimana tinjauan keluarga sakinah terhadap rumah tangga sopir truk di Desa Sukanegara? Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah Rumah tangga di kalangan sopir truk di Desa Sukanegara belum sesuai dengan standar dan konsep penerapan agar terciptanya rumah tangga harmonis menurut ajaran Islam. Oleh karena itu, mayoritas dari rumah tangga di kalangan sopir truk di Desa Sukanegara tidak dapat mewujudkan rumah tangga harmonis.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR MENINGKATNYA PERCERAIAN DI KOTA MEDAN DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PANDEMI COVID-19 Hamsah Hudafi
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i1.1913

Abstract

This paper explains the increase in divorce in the city of Medan and its relation to the Covid-19 pandemic. Divorce during the pandemic has occurred in every region, because many factors support the occurrence of divorce during the Covid-19 pandemic. This encourages the author to conduct research on the divorce rate in the city of Medan. How is divorce in the city of Medan and the factors that cause divorce in Medan and is it related to the Covid-19 pandemic. In conducting research, the method used by the writer is descriptive qualitative and the data sources to be used are written sources from books, journal articles and others. The research location is in the city of Medan especially the Medan religious court class 1A. Based on this research, divorce in the city of Medan continues to increase every year, in 2017 there were 2,057, in 2018 there were 2,509, in 2019 there were 2,757. During the Covid-19 pandemic, divorce cases continued to increase from January to October 2020, there were 2378 divorce cases, the dominant factors in divorce were economic factors, lack of harmony in the family, domestic violence, and irresponsibility. As for the relationship between divorce and the Covi-19 pandemic, there was a period of quarantine during the Covid-19 pandemic as a result, many people were threatened and lost their jobs, this made it difficult to pay for household needs.
حق ولي المجبر أمام حرّية المرأة في تنفيذ الزواج (دراسة نقدية بين الشريعة و قانون مدوّنة الأسرة رقم 70.03 عام 2004 بالمغرب) Husnun - Nahdhiyyah
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i1.1926

Abstract

ملخص البحث حق ولي المجبر أمام حرّية المرأة في تنفيذ الزواج (دراسة نقدية بين الشريعة و قانون مدوّنة الأسرة رقم 70.03 عام 2004 بالمغرب). أهداف هذا البحث لتحديد مكانة ولي المجبر أمام حرّية المرأة في قانون مدوّنة الأسرة رقم 70.03 عام 2004 بالمغرب. هذا البحث من البحوث المعيارية. و مدخل البحث المستخدم هو المدخل الدستوري. باستخدام قانون المدونة الأسرة رقم 70.03 عام 2004 و كتب الفقه كالمادة القانونية الأولية لكتابة هذا البحث. و أمّا طريقة جمع بياناته بتحقيق المواد القانونية و بالطريقة التوثيقية. و مناقشتها بطريقة شاملة و منظمة و منهجية. النتيجة من هذا البحث هي حقّ الولي عند الشريعة هو حقّ لمن يتحقق الواجبات لتدبير و رعاية و ملاحظة و يستولي كلّ أمر من الأمور. كالوالدين ولي لأبنائهما. و حق الولي عند قانون المدونة الأسرة بالمغرب محدودة للمرأة لم تبلغ إلى سنّ الزواج (ثمانية عشر سنة). حرية المرأة عند الشريعة هي حرّية المرأة كحرّية الرجل في نيل و آداء الحق و الواجبات بل هي محدودة. وحرية المرأة عند قانون المدونة الأسرة بالمغرب هي ينطبق خصوصاً للمرأة البالغة عند القانون وهي ثمانية عشر سنة (المادة 209). و مكانة ولي المجبر في قانون مدونة الأسرة رقم 70.03 عام 2004 بالمغرب هو مشروع للمرأة لم تبلغ عليها سنّ الزواج (18 سنة) كما ذكر في المادة 209 باب الرابع عن الأهلية و النيابة الشرعية و وقعت عليها الواقعة في الأسرة كمفسدة سمعة الأسرة. Abstrak Hak wali mujbir di depan kebebasan perempuan dalam pelaksanaan perkawinan (studi kritis syari’ah dan Undang-Undang Mudawwanah Al-Usrah No. 70.03 tahun 2004 di Maroko). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi wali mujbir di depan kebebasan perempuan dalam Undang-Undang Mudawwanah al-Usrah No. 70.03 Tahun 2004. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang (statue approuche). Undang-Undang Mudawwanah al-Usrah No. 70.03 Tahun 2004 dan kitab-kitab fiqh sebagai bahan utama atau bahan hukum primer. Adapun metode pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan cara penentuan bahan hukum dengan tehnik dokumenter, dan pengkajian bahan hukum secara komprehensif, sistematis dan terstruktur. Hak wali menurut syari’ah merupakan hak seseorang yang dapat diserahi kewajiban untuk mengurus, memelihara, mengawasi dan menguasai suatu persoalan, seperti hak orangtua sebagai wali terhadap anak-anaknya. Hak wali menurut Undang-Undang Mudawwanah al-Usrah hanya sebatas apabila anak perempuan belum mencapai usia 18 tahun. Kebebasan perempuan menurut syari’ah adalah wanita bebas sebagaimana laki-laki dalam mendapatkan dan melaksanakan hak dan kewajibannya, tetapi kebebasannya terbatas. Sedangkan kebebasan perempuan menurut Undang-Undang Mudawwanah al-Usrah hanya berlaku bagi perempuan yang sudah baligh atau secara hukum sudah ahliyah atau sudah berumur 18 tahun. Kedudukan hak wali mujbir dalam Undang-Undang Mudawwanah al-Usrah No 70.03 Tahun 2004 berlaku bagi seorang perempuan yang belum berumur 18 tahun seperti yang disebutkan dalam pasal 209 bab empat tentang ahliyah wa niyabah al syar’iyah Undang-Undang Mudawwanah al-Usrah No 70.03 Tahun 2004 dan telah terjadi sesuatu pada dirinya yang menimbulkan masalah dalam keluarga, seperti merusak harkat dan martabat keluarga.
EFEKTIVITAS TEKNIK BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DALAM MEDIASI PADA KASUS-KASUS SYIKAK DI KUA KECAMATAN LO. BANGKURUNG Kasmiati Kasmiati; Rusli Takunas
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i1.1763

Abstract

Salah satu alasan yang mendominasi terjadinya perceraian di rumah tangga adalah adanya syikak. Dalam proses mediasi ini, diimplementasikan teknik-teknik bimbingan dan konseling agar pasangan suami isteri dapat memecahkan problematika rumah tangganya dan kembali hidup rukun. Adakalanya mediasi tersebut berhasil, namun terkadang pula mediasi menemui jalan buntu, sehingga kasusnya berlanjut pada perceraian di Pengadilan Agama. Penelitian ini akan mengimplementasi teknik-teknik bimbingan dan konseling, serta efektivitasnya dalam mendukung proses mediasi kasus-kasus syikak yang dihadapi oleh aparatur KUA Kecamatan Lo. Bangkurung. Tingkat keberhasilan mediasi KUA Kecamatan Lo. Bangkurung selama tahun 2017 s.d. 2018 terlihat tinggi, yaitu 16 kasus atau 80%, sedangkan tingkat kegagalannya sangat rendah, yaitu 4 kasus atau 20%. Dari 4 kasus yang gagal dimediasi, ada 3 kasus syikak akibat penelantaran keluarga dan 1 kasus syikak disebabkan kawin paksa.
TELAAH KRITIS PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DENGAN PENDEKATAN MAQASHID SYARIAH DI DESA TANJUNG SALAH KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA KALIMANTAN BARAT Rasiam Rasiam
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i1.1927

Abstract

Critical Analysis of Village Fund Management Using Maqashid Syariah Approach in Tanjung Saleh Village, Kubu Raya Regency.The birth of Law number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages is a form of the presence of the Indonesian government to its people. The presence of the government to fulfill the needs and basic needs of its people is getting clearer, it can be seen in article 1 paragraph 2 that village funds are funds sourced from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget for villages that are transferred through the Regency / City Regional Budget and Expenditure and used to finance governance, development implementation, community development, and community empowerment. On the one hand, the village fund program must make observations and evaluations related to the values of the program being carried out. This study analyzes the village fund program using the Maqashid Syariah approach with five basic principles, namely maintaining religion, soul, mind, descent and property. For that research questions focused on; management of village funds in Tanjung Saleh, Kubu Raya Regency with the Maqashid Syariah approach to safeguarding religion (al-Din), soul (al-Nafs), mind (al-'Aql), descent (al-Nasl), property (al-Maal) For that research questions focused on; management of village funds in Tanjung Saleh, Kubu Raya Regency with the Maqashid Syariah approach to safeguarding religion (al-Din), soul (al-Nafs), reason (al-'Aql), descent (al-Nasl), property (al-Maal) with the aim of exploring and understanding the concept of village funds in terms of 5 (five) principles of Maqashid Syariah which are inspired by sharia values. This research was a field research with qualitative descriptive methods and normative juridical. The conclusion of this research is that there has been a harmonization between the values in the Maqashid Syariah in terms of maintaining religion, soul, mind, descent and property in village fund programs in Tanjung Saleh from 2017 to 2019. The work programs of the village of Tanjung Saleh, Sungai Kakap District, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan, from 2017 to 2019 which are related to maintaining religion was 9%, programs related to keeping the soul was 266%, programs related to maintaining intelligence was 16%, programs related to maintaining descent was 4%, and programs related to safeguarding property was 6%. From this percentage, it shows the harmonization of maqashid with village programs that have been implemented for welfare and services to the community. The interesting thing from the conclusion above is the finding of life-preserving programs that is very dominant compared to other programs so that it can be measured that keeping the soul is very important. Keeping the soul is also a public program that the benefits can be felt by people across ethnicities and religions. It means that inclusive programs without any discrimination.
KONSEP KEMASLAHATAN MAQĀṢĪḌ SYARĪAH IBNU ‘ASHUR TERHADAP PERMASALAHAN DI ERA MILENIAL: Polemik Kebijakan Lockdown dan PSBB Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Menangani Pandemi Covid-19 Inama Anusantari
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i2.1936

Abstract

As a scholar, Ibn ‘Ashur a prolific scholar. One of this famous works is about Maqashid Syariah. Where in this heory contains the concept of mashlahah which is considered in accordance with the times. One of the problems in the millennial era that is being faced by the world community, especially Indonesia is the Covid-19 pandemic. To deal with the Covid-19 pandemic, the government has established a PSBB policy. It is not the lockdown policy tha most parties have been promoting. The purpose of this paper is to find out the concept of mashlahah in the theory maqashid syariah Ibnu ‘Ashur regarding the Covid-19 polemik of the Indonesian government’s lockdown and PSBB policies in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. The method in this writing uses a research library that is deductive to analysis, where data is collected and then describes the data. Sources of data in this paper are in the form of scientific journals, books, online articles anda Indonesian Government Regulation related ti the theme. Data Collection techniques with documentation techniques. The results showed that in determining the benefit of law, Ibn ‘Ashur used a more philosophical approach. By examining the purpose of the legal text the looking for its arguments. In facing problems in the millennial are, the concept of kemashlahatan Ibn ‘Ashur’s maqashid sharia theory is still very relevant.
TRANSAKSI PINJAMAN PAY LATER PADA MARKETPLACE SHOPEE PADA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM Eka Junila Saragih
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i2.2023

Abstract

This article aims to examine the loan on the pay later feature provided by the shopee marketplace. Shopeepaylater provides assistance in the form of instant loans for users who want to buy the desired item. Loans provided cannot be cashed and can only be used at the shopee marketplace. To get a shopeepaylater loan limit, the user must meet the requirements set by Shopee. The nominal loan limit given to each user is different. The terms of the loan service provided are in the form of 1x installment/Buy now, pay later and in installments of 2 months, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. This research uses an empirical method that is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The primary data source in this study were shopeepaylater users. Meanwhile, secondary data were obtained from related books and documents. The loan between the borrower and the shopee have met the pillars and qardh requirements. However, in determining the handling fee, the shopee sets the fee as a percentage. Based on the Fatwa of the National Syari'ah Council NO.19/DSNMUI/IV /2001 concerning Al-Qardh, does not allow handling or administration fees based on calculating a percentage of the amount of qardh funds given. There are differences opinion of credit practice to conclude, credit practices are not allowed as there is an additional price is usury, while usury is prohibited in islam. Some opinion that allow the credit practice is clear on the grounds of the akad. Because they observe from the general proposition that allows. As long as the additional price on the postponement is a fair and reasonable price, and there is no coercion both sides.
PERTIMBANGAN PUTUSAN HAKIM PERKARA HARTA BERSAMA NO.0233/PDT.G/2018/PA.TBH DI PENGADILAN AGAMA TEMBILAHAN Azmil Fauzi Fariska
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i2.2024

Abstract

This research is motivated by the decision of the panel of judges at the Tembilahan Religious Court which decided the joint property case, the judge decided that the Plaintiff (husband) got 1/4 while the Defendant (wife) got 3/4 of the joint property, which the judge's decision is not in accordance with the KHI article 97. The results of the decision research are in accordance with the judge in deciding the case based on Legal Certainty (legal certainty) and Legal Justice (legal justice), legal certainty is what has been outlined by legislation, the Compilation of Islamic Law, such as this case according to legal certainty then the distribution is that the wife gets 1/2 and the husband gets 1/2 so if only this is applied rigidly in the case it will reduce the values of justice itself, thus the judge in determining this joint property case uses Legal Justice. Law). In Islam the concept of justice is to put something in its place, to give something that is rightfully his with a balanced level. During the marriage the Defendant (wife) was more dominant in earning a living and producing property, which then became the source for buying and renovating the house which is currently the object of dispute.
FIQH PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN CORPSE IN CONTEMPORARY TIMES Meirison Meirison; Susilawati Susilawati; Zerly Nazar
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-maslahah.v17i2.2034

Abstract

This article discusses some of the contemporary issues and challenges related to handling victims killed in contemporary armed conflicts and situations of violence and other natural disasters within the framework of international humanitarianism in a review of Islamic law. Forensic professionals face problems and challenges in contemporary Muslim contexts, cases, and law: mass burials, quick burials, exhumations, and autopsies. Contemporary scientific discoveries in intensive care units and the rise of industry, which aid in the successful transplantation of organs from cadavers, but reveal new problems from legal, humanitarian, ethical, and judicial perspectives: such as issues of determining the time of death, matters of life (or brain death), and boundaries artificial resuscitation limits, by conducting a literature study and a qualitative descriptive analysis approach, new problems were found in the handling of this corpse, namely, those related to a merciful death, how to injure corpses, the extent of a person's rights over his body after death, cloning of the dead, and so on. Other. These are all doctrinal and not medical matters. The final opinion on this matter is for the jurists; Because that is their specialty, and doctors' views on it are for clarification and reference only. The article concludes that both legal systems have established provisions designed to protect the dignity and respect of the dead and complement each other to achieve this protection in specific contexts and situations involving Muslim parties. Keywords: Human, corpse, fiqh, perspective,

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