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YARSI Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Yarsi
ISSN : 08541159     EISSN : 24609382     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 232 Documents
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STUDI TENTANG AKTIVITAS SEKRESI REACTIVE OXYGEN INTERMEDIATES (ROIS) MAKROFAG MENCIT YANG DISTIMULASI DENGAN PROTEIN LARUT TOXOPLASMA SELAMA INFEKSI TOXOPLASMA GONDII Muthmainah, Muthmainah
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 13, No 1 (2005): JANUARI - APRIL 2005
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v13i1.1055

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii. This disease is asymptomatic, but it can elicite a problem in the immunocompromised patient and in the pregnant woman. This work was carried out to study the Reactive Oxygen Intermediates (ROIs) secretion activity of macrophages in mice stimulated with soluble protein of Toxoplasma during Toxoplasma gondii infection. In this study, 24 female Balb/c mice were used and devided into three groups. The first group was stimulated with 10 µg of soluble protein. The second group was stimulated with 10 µg of soluble protein with the addition of incomplete Freund?s adjuvant and the third group represented as control. The addition of incomplete Freund?s adjuvant to soluble protein was aimed to increase the immunogenicity of soluble protein. The stimulant was administered twice intraperitoneally with intervals of 2 weeks. Two days after the second stimulation, the mice were infected intraperitoneally with 4x102 tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain. On day 0, 3, 5 and 7 post infection, 2 mice from each group were sacrificed, the peritoneal macrophages were isolated and cultured to measure the ROIs secretion activity of macrophages in vitro. The Posttest Only Control Group Design was used as the experimental design. The data were analysed with One Way Anova. The result of this experiment showed that during Toxoplasma gondii infection, the ROIs secretion activity of macrophages in all groups of mice increased on day 5, and henceforth declined. The activity of macrophages from the first group and the second group were higher than that of the control group (the third group). The increment of ROIs secretion activity of macrophages in the second group was higher than that in the first group. It can be concluded that stimulation with soluble protein can increase the ROIs secretion activity of macrophages. The addition of incomplete Freund?s adjuvant to soluble protein increased the immunogenicity of soluble protein.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX) TERHADAP KUANTITAS DAN KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA TIKUS PUTIH JANTANG (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) STRAIN SPRAGUE DAWLEY Andriani, Andriani; Nita, Sri
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 23, No 1 (2015): JANUARI - APRIL 2015
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v23i1.89

Abstract

Kedelai mengandung fitoestrogen, yaitu senyawa yang memiliki khasiat yang sama dengan hormon estrogen dan dapat berinteraksi dengan reseptor estrogen. Salah satu kelompok senyawa yang terdapat pada fitoestrogen adalah Isoflavon. Konsumsi isoflavon diduga dapat berpengaruh buruk pada kesuburan pria, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kedelai terhadap jumlah, morfologi, motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) strain Sprague Dawley. Ekstrak kedelai diberikan secara oral dengan dosis 2,52 mg, 3,78 mg, dan 5,04 mg, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diberi aquades. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan terhadap 24 tikus putih jantan selama 48 hari, setelah itu dilakukan pemeriksaan pada jumlah, morfologi abnormal, motilitas, dan viabilitas sperma. Analisis data menggunakan uji Homogenitas, One Way ANOVA, dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc Bonferroni. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada penurunan jumlah sperma, peningkatan morfo-logi abnormal, penurunan motilitas, dan penurunan viabilitas sperma tikus putih jantan pada dosis ekstrak kedelai 3,78 mg dan 5,04 mg. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak kedelai memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penurunan jumlah, peningkatan morfologi abnormal, penurunan motilitas, dan penurunan viabilitas spermatozoa tikus putih jantan.Soy bean contains phytoestrogens, the compound that have properties similar to the estrogen hormone and can interact with estrogens receptors. Isoflavones is one of compound group which can be found in phytoestrogens. Consumption of isoflavones could be expected have adversely affected to male fertility. The study aims to determine the effect of soybean extract on sperm number, morphology, motility and viability of spermatozoa white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) of Sprague Dawley strain. Soybean extract was administered orally at a dose of 2.52 mg, 3.78 mg, and 5.04 mg, while the control group was given distilled water. Experimental studies were conducted on 24 white male rats for 48 days, after which we examine the number, abnormal morphology, motility, and sperm viability. Data was analyzed by homogeneity test, One Way ANOVA, followed by post hoc Bonferroni test. The results show that there was a significant effect on the decrease of sperm count, an increase in abnormal morphology, decrease motility and viability of white male rat?s sperm at a dose of 3.78 mg and 5.04 mg of soybean extract. From the results of this study it can be concluded that soybean extract has significant effect to decrease the number of spermatozoa, increased abnormal morphology, reduced motility and viability of spermatozoa white male rats.
TRIAL OF NEEM OIL (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) AS BASIC COMPOUND OF ELECTRIC LIQUID VAPORIZER AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI MORTALITY Diptyanusa, Ajib; Satoto, Tri Baskoro Tunggul; Hadianto, Tridjoko
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 25, No 1 (2017): JANUARI - APRIL 2017
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v25i1.296

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), commonly caused by Aedes aegypti mosquito bites, has been one of the world?s major concern for progressively increasing incidence. To prevent further increase in DHF incidence, an effective yet safe vector control method is needed. One of the most common method of vector control in Indonesia is using electric liquid vaporizer. Basic compounds which are less toxic to humans and less resistance-producing to mosquitoes are preferred, without neglecting its ability in killing mosquitoes. Neem trees (Azadirachta indica) could be easily found in many areas in Indonesia, mainly functioning as shading trees. Leaves and seed of neem tree may contain active compound used as natural insecticides, azadirachtin. The research aims to identify killing effect of neem oil as basic compound of electric liquid vaporizer against Aedes aegypti. Research subjects were 275 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, aged 2-5 days. Subjects were divided into 3 groups: group A (negative control), group B (100% neem oil), and group C (0.001% d-allethrin as positive control). Knockdown time (KT1, KT50, KT95, KT100) and 24-hours mortality were observed. Test replications were done 3 times. The results showed that pure neem oil (Azadirachta indica) has no direct killing effect against Aedes aegypti. Further research is encouraged regarding identification of adulticide characteristics of azadirachtin and other active compounds of neem oil, such as nimbidin and nimbin.
PENERAPAN ASI EKSKLUSIF 6 BULAN VERSUS PEMBERIAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI DINI DI INDONESIA Umniyati, Helwiah
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 13, No 1 (2005): JANUARI - APRIL 2005
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v13i1.1060

Abstract

The benefits of breastfeeding are well established, so that in 2001 WHO has revised global recommendation on exclusive breastfeeding that mothers should exclusively breastfeed their children until 6 months old (the old recommendation was previously 4 months). After that, to fulfill the babies need on nutrition, babies are given complementary feeding while breastfeed should be continued until 2 years. Six months exclusive breastfeeding will reduce infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In Indonesia, although exclusive breastfeeding for 6 month has been implemented by Ministry of Health, it is only 1% of the mothers exclusively breastfeed their babies for 6 months. In Vietnam, children who were exclusively breastfed for less than 3 months got diarrhoea earlier and the prevalence of diarrhoea was greater than babies who were breastfed for more than 3 months. Complementary feeding should be given when babies are 6 months old. In Indonesia, however complementary feeding have already been given when the babies are just 7 days old or less. The babies got formula, honey, water, sweet water, fruits, etc. Proportion of babies aged less than 1 month receiving commercial complementary feeding was 4 ? 5 %, increasing with the increase of age. Early complementary feeding will affect the baby's health.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TNF-238G>A POLYMORPHISM AND PREDISPOSITION TO PULMONARY TUBERCULOIS INFECTION IN THE INDONESIAN POPULATION (A PILOT STUDY) Putri, Syurlia; Rasmiyyah, Sausan; Huskany, Evita Amalia; Razari, Intan; Wicaksono, Britanto Dani; Yuliwulandari, Rika
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 23, No 1 (2015): JANUARI - APRIL 2015
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v23i1.112

Abstract

Previous studies suggested that genetic factors exerted huge influence in susceptibility to Tuberculosis. Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-a), which is encoded by the TNF gene, play a role on pulmonary macrophage function in isolating and controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Polymorphisms on the promoter region of the TNF gene have been predicted to affect its transcriptional activity. Therefore, these polymorphisms are an excellent candidate to further study the role of TNF-a in susceptibility to Tuberculosis. 100 pulmonary tuberculosis patients (case) and 100 healthy individuals (controls) were recruited for this pilot study. DNA samples from cases and controls were genotyped for the TNF -238G A SNP (rs361525) using LightSNip genotyping assay. Our results showed no significant difference in the distribution of TNF -238 genotypes in case and control subjects (P = 0.4335). Further investigation on TNF -238 allele frequencies between case and control studies also yields no significant difference (P=1.000; OR=1.000; %95CI [0.246597 ? 4.055200]) which may suggest that there are no association with predisposition to Tuberculosis infection. In conclusion, this pilot study showed that the TNF -238G A SNP is not associated with susceptibility to Tuberculosis.
MODEL JEJARING PENANGANAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DOKTER SWASTA DAN PEMERINTAH TINGKAT KELURAHAN DI PROPINSI SUMATERA SELATAN Tjekyan, R.M. Suryadi
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 15, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER-DESEMBER 2007
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (153.796 KB) | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v15i3.1076

Abstract

As of 2006, National Tuberculosis Program did not reach the Millenium Development Goal?s target in Case Detection Rate of 70%, especially in South Sumatera. This was caused by failure in implementing policies into applicable programs.?The Networking of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Control of Private Physician and Governmental Health Service at Subdistrict level in South Sumatera? involved and empowered four components in Tuberculosis Control Program especially community, Private Practitioner, subdistrict and district local authority, and district tuberculosis program. This study included model development followed by intervention of the invented model. Ilir Barat II district was used as the experiment group, while the district of Seberang Ulu II as the control group. In addition, district and subdistrict governments developed an organization ?Networking of Ilir Barat II district tuberculosis eradication program? by the decree of called District Head with the main objective to achieve ?Tuberculosis free Neighborhood?. The result of the intervention study showed significant increase in Tuberculosis Success Indicator of Tuberculosis Control Program. Consequently, the application of the model would hasten the objectives of reaching target range of tuberculosis control, suggested by Millenium Development Gold and WHO target Zone. Finally the invented indicator program of intervention, applied to Palembang city and South Sumatera will reach approximately 100% of conversion rate in 2008 and 100% of cases detection rate in 2010.
POLA MRNA HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1? (HIF-1?) DAN EXKSPRESI PROTEIN HIF-1? GINJAL TIKUS PADA HIPOKSIA SISTEMIK KRONIK Suciati, Yulia
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 20, No 1 (2012): JANUARI - APRIL 2012
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (431.226 KB) | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v20i1.153

Abstract

kspresi protein HIF-1? pada organ ginjal dari tikus yang mengalamikondisi hipoksia secara sistemik menggunakan Hypoxic Chamber dengankadar O2 8% dan Nitrogen 92% dan kelompok kontrol pada kondisinormoksia. Pola mRNA HIF-1? dilihat berdasarkan hasil RT-PCR denganmembandingkan rasio kelompok normoksia dan kelompok hipoksia yangmenunjukkan terdapat peningkatan ekspresi mRNA HIF-1? sejalan denganlamanya hipoksia yang mencapai puncak pada kelompok hipoksia 3 hari danmulai mengalami penurunan pada kelompok 7 hari. Ekspresi protein HIF-1?dilakukan dengan metode Western Blott yang memperlihatkan terdapatnyapeningkatan ekspresi protein HIF-1? yang mulai mengalami penurunan padakelompok hipoksia 14 hari.enelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola mRNA HIF-1?dan ekspresi protein HIF-1? pada organ ginjal dari tikus yang mengalamikondisi hipoksia secara sistemik menggunakan Hypoxic Chamber dengankadar O2 8% dan Nitrogen 92% dan kelompok kontrol pada kondisinormoksia. Pola mRNA HIF-1? dilihat berdasarkan hasil RT-PCR denganmembandingkan rasio kelompok normoksia dan kelompok hipoksia yangmenunjukkan terdapat peningkatan ekspresi mRNA HIF-1? sejalan denganlamanya hipoksia yang mencapai puncak pada kelompok hipoksia 3 hari danmulai mengalami penurunan pada kelompok 7 hari. Ekspresi protein HIF-1?dilakukan dengan metode Western Blott yang memperlihatkan terdapatnyapeningkatan ekspresi protein HIF-1? yang mulai mengalami penurunan padakelompok hipoksia 14 hari. 
FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN CAMPAK DI DESA TENGARAN, KECAMATAN TENGARAN, KABUPATEN SEMARANG, JAWA TENGAH Ambar Yuniarti, Retno
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 15, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER-DESEMBER 2007
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (140.099 KB) | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v15i3.1081

Abstract

A risk factor study of measles was conducted at Tengaran Village, Tengaran Sub district, Semarang Regency, Central Java. The aim of the study was to describe distribution and risk factors of measles on the children under 15 years old. The study design was a case control study, and the data was collected retrospectively. The interview was conducted with respondents by questionnaire. Sample size was calculated using Fleiss formula for unmatched case control study employing a soft ware Epi info 6.1 program with 95% confidence limits, 80% power test and 0.05 a error. Subjects in this study were 73 for cases and 105 for control. The results showed that the immunization status had a significant correlation with measles cases (p 0.05). Nutrition status had no significant correlation with measles cases (p 0.05). House  condition had a significant correlation with measles cases (p 0.05), but had no significant correlation with nutrition status (p 0.05). The education and income factor had no significant correlation with nutrition status (p 0.05). Nevertheless, significant correlation was observed between education factor and immunization status  (p 0.05).
MENCARI PENYEBAB NYERI DADA?: KARDIAK DAN NONKARDIAK H Rampengan, Starry
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 20, No 1 (2012): JANUARI - APRIL 2012
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v20i1.158

Abstract

Nyeri dada merupakan salah satu keluhan yang paling banyak dijumpai padaruang perawatan akut. Penyebab utama  dari nyeri dada akut meliputi: kardiak,gastroesofageal, muskuloskeletal, pulmonal, dan psikologis. Penyebab kardiakiskemik meliputi penyakit jantung koroner, stenosis aorta, spasme arteri koroner,dan kardiomiopati hipertrofi. Penyebab kardiak noniskemik meliputi perikarditis,diseksi aorta, aneurisma aorta, dan prolaps katup mitral. Angina pektorismerupakan nyeri dada kardiak yang disebabkan oleh insufisiensi pasokan oksigenmiokardium. Pasien seringkali mengemukakan rasa ditekan beban berat ataudiremas yang timbul setelah aktivitas atau stress emosional. Nyeri dada aortastenosis bergantung pada aktivitas, berhubungan dengan sinkop dan padapemeriksaan fisik disertai murmur ejeksi sistolik pada daerah aorta. Kardiomiopatihipertrofi menyebabkan nyeri dada disertai adanya murmur sistolik yangbertambah keras pada valsalva maneuver. Vasospasme koroner menimbulkannyeri dada pada saat istirahat. Diseksi aorta menyebabkan rasa nyeri dada hebatanterior menjalar ke belakang atas. Nyeri perikarditis biasanya berkurang apabilapasien condong ke depan. Nyeri prolaps katup mitral bersifat tajam. Adanyamurmur sistolik akhir didahului klik midsistolik merupakan ciri khas prolapskatup mitral. Penyebab nyeri dada nonkardiak bisa disebabkan oleh kelainanesofagus, kondisi abdomen atas, pulmonal, muskuloskeletal, herpes zoster, danpsikologis. Kondisi abdomen atas dapat disebabkan kolesistitis akut, pankreatitisakut, dan perforasi ulkus peptikum. Nyeri dada pulmonal bersifat pleuritik.Emboli paru dicurigai pada keadaan dispnea, nyeri pleuritik, hipoksia berat, danadanya faktor risiko. Nyeri dada yang disebabkan muskuloskeletal berhubungandengan palpasi. Herpes zoster juga dapat menimbulkan nyeri dada khas sesuaidistribusi dermatomal. Nyeri dada psikologis dapat dicurigai bila terdapatriyawat gangguan emosional sebelumnya. Nyeri dada merupakan salah satu keluhan yang paling banyak dijumpai padaruang perawatan akut. Penyebab utama  dari nyeri dada akut meliputi: kardiak,gastroesofageal, muskuloskeletal, pulmonal, dan psikologis. Penyebab kardiakiskemik meliputi penyakit jantung koroner, stenosis aorta, spasme arteri koroner,dan kardiomiopati hipertrofi. Penyebab kardiak noniskemik meliputi perikarditis,diseksi aorta, aneurisma aorta, dan prolaps katup mitral. Angina pektorismerupakan nyeri dada kardiak yang disebabkan oleh insufisiensi pasokan oksigenmiokardium. Pasien seringkali mengemukakan rasa ditekan beban berat ataudiremas yang timbul setelah aktivitas atau stress emosional. Nyeri dada aortastenosis bergantung pada aktivitas, berhubungan dengan sinkop dan padapemeriksaan fisik disertai murmur ejeksi sistolik pada daerah aorta. Kardiomiopatihipertrofi menyebabkan nyeri dada disertai adanya murmur sistolik yangbertambah keras pada valsalva maneuver. Vasospasme koroner menimbulkannyeri dada pada saat istirahat. Diseksi aorta menyebabkan rasa nyeri dada hebatanterior menjalar ke belakang atas. Nyeri perikarditis biasanya berkurang apabilapasien condong ke depan. Nyeri prolaps katup mitral bersifat tajam. Adanyamurmur sistolik akhir didahului klik midsistolik merupakan ciri khas prolapskatup mitral. Penyebab nyeri dada nonkardiak bisa disebabkan oleh kelainanesofagus, kondisi abdomen atas, pulmonal, muskuloskeletal, herpes zoster, danpsikologis. Kondisi abdomen atas dapat disebabkan kolesistitis akut, pankreatitisakut, dan perforasi ulkus peptikum. Nyeri dada pulmonal bersifat pleuritik.Emboli paru dicurigai pada keadaan dispnea, nyeri pleuritik, hipoksia berat, danadanya faktor risiko. Nyeri dada yang disebabkan muskuloskeletal berhubungandengan palpasi. Herpes zoster juga dapat menimbulkan nyeri dada khas sesuaidistribusi dermatomal. Nyeri dada psikologis dapat dicurigai bila terdapatriyawat gangguan emosional sebelumnya. 
PEMERIKSAAN ANAL SWAB BERULANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKURATAN DIAGNOSIS OXYURIS VERMICULARIS PADA ANAK-ANAK DI KELURAHAN TANAH TINGGI, JOHAR BARU Ferlianti, Rika; Donanti, Elita; Hardjanti, Ambar
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 27, No 2 (2019): MEI-AGUSTUS 2019
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v27i2.1120

Abstract

Oxyuriasis adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Oxyuriasis vermicularis atau Enterobius vermicularis (cacing kremi). Kelembaban udara yang tinggi, dan sanitasi yang masih kurang baik di Indonesia merupakan faktor yang dapat berperan dalam perkembangan dan transmisi dari cacing kremi. Oxyuriasis terjadi pada semua usia, tetapi usia terbanyak terjadi pada anak-anak. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Tanah Tinggi, Johar baru, Jakarta Pusat karena termasuk daerah yang padat penduduk.Untuk mengetahui keakuratan pemeriksaan anal swab berulang (tiga hari berturut-turut) dibandingkan pemeriksaan anal swab satu kali dalam menegakkan diagnosis oxyuriasis.Jenis Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental yang menggunakan data primer melalui pemeriksaan anal swab yang dilakukan dengan metode pita plastik perekat (cellophane tape) pada 45 anak dengan rentang usia 5-10 tahun dari 3 RW yang berbeda (RW 07, RW 08, dan RW 12) di Kelurahan Tanah Tinggi.Dari 45 anak yang ikut penelitian (anak laki-laki 23 orang dan anak perempuan 22 orang) didapatkan 73,3% termasuk dalam kategori usia muda/prasekolah (5-6 tahun) dan 26,7% pada anak usia sekolah (7?10 tahun). Ada peningkatan keakuratan pada pemeriksaan anal swab berulang (tiga hari berturut-turut) dibandingkan dengan satu kali pemeriksaan. Prevalensi yang didapat adalah 4,44% untuk metode anal swab berulang, sedangkan metode satu kali adalah 2,22%. Pemeriksaan anal swab berulang (tiga hari berturut-turut) lebih akurat dibandingkan pemeriksaan anal swab satu kali dalam menegakkan diagnosis oxyuriasis.

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