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Published by Universitas Negeri Padang

ISSN : 2614669X EISSN : 2579308X DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

Bioscience ISSN 2579-308X (Electronic) ISSN: 2614-669X (Print) is peer-reviewed journal and scientific journal publish by Universitas Negeri Padang. The aim of this journal is to publish articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of biology. Scope of this journal is ;Environmental Biology; Genetics and Biotechnology; Biology of Function; Systematics, Structure and Development.

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Articles 146 Documents

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Inventory of Drug Plant In Estuary Village Siberut District Siberut Southregency of Mentawai Islands Des M; Gustina Indriati; Swandi Sakerengan
Bioscience Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Traditional treatment is something that can not be separated from the life of the Mentawai people, especially the village of Muara Siberut South Siberut District since been entrenched in people's lives. The shift in value to knowledge about medicinal plants is beginning to be felt increasingly minimal, especially in the younger generation. This study aims to inventory medicinal plants as well as properties and how to use them, in the hamlet of Puro and Peigu hamlet, village of Muara Siberut District of South Siberut. The research was conducted by using Survey method and interview. The results of the study found 95 species of medicinal plants from 37 families are used to treat 39 kinds of diseases. The most common species found in the Zingiberaceae family are 12 species, F. Euphorbiaceae 9 species, F.Graminae and F.Compositae 8 species, F.Araceae, F.Acanthaceae, F.Orchidaceae, F.Piperaceae, and F.Rubiaceae respectively. each 4 species. For other families each 3 types, 2 types and 1 type. Of the 95 species of plants are 23 species have been cultivated in the yard of houses, and 72 species found wild in the yard and in the forest. In its use 65 species are used in singular form and 30 species are used in the form of herbs. It can be concluded that medicinal plants in Puro and Peigu hamlets are dominated by familia Zingiberaceae, familia Euphorbiaceae, familia Graminae and familia Compositae.Keywords: Inventory, Medicinal plants, Puro hamlet, Peigu hamlet, South Siberut

The Thermophilic Bacterial Growth Curve Irdawati Irdawati; Ilsa Septia Putri; Syamsuardi Syamsuardi; Anthoni Agustien; Yetria Rilda
Bioscience Vol 2, No 2 (2018): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Thermophilic bacteria are bacteria that can produce thermostable enzymes and used in various industries. Thermostable enzymes that can be produced by thermophilic microorganisms one of them is xylanase enzyme. Xylanase produced by microbes has optimum temperature characteristics and more diverse optimum pH on various substrates, which will affect the activity of the resulting xylanase enzyme. The influence of temperature greatly determines the activity of the enzyme at the time of catalyzing a reaction. At optimum pH conditions, the enzyme has an active side conformation that is substrate-like so that it can form a complex of appropriate enzymes and produce the product to its full potential. One of the thermophilic bacterial habitats of hot springs in West Sumatera is the Aro Sapan River hot spring located in Koto Parik Gadang Subdistrict in Ateh, South Solok District. The Saw Aro River hot spring has a temperature of 75 ° C and is pH 8 or alkaline. The aim to this research was to know the profile of the growth of thermophilic bacteria. This research is a descriptive method. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The conclusion is the best activity of xylanase thermophilic bacteria was at the sixth time incubation.

Potential of Yields and Starch Production from Several Local Cassava Genotypes Hartati - Hartati; N Sri Hartati
Bioscience Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

The need for cassava starch is increasing along with its aplication in industries. Our study aim to determine the yield and production of starch from several local cassava genotypes. Forty-one cassava genotypes from LIPI collection were used to produce starch. Cassava tubers were harvested from five trees of each genotype. The number and the weight of tuber from each genotypes were then calculated. Around 2500 grams of tuber from each genotypes were grated and extracted to produce the starch. The results showed that cassava with the highest yield was Kristal Merah (15,460 Kg), and followed by PNG1 (15,1Kg), Menti (9,970Kg) and Roti (9,380Kg). The genotype with the highest tuber weight is PNG1, and then followed by Roti , Menti and Kristal Merah. Eleven genotypes of cassava produced starch with levels above 25%. Based on our results, the genotypes that potentially used as raw material for the starch industry were Kristal Merah, PNG, Menti and Roti.Keywords: cassava, genotypes, starch, tuber’s weight, yield

Enumertion of Enterobacteriaceae in Ice-Based School Children Food in Koto Tangah District, Padang West Sumatera Bob Refianto; Irdawati Irdawati
Bioscience Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Elementary students have high playing activities while in school. Hot weather and feeling tired after playing, will cause thirst and to get rid of thirst Elementary school students will buy ice-based snacks. They do not realize, the danger of unhygienic snacks will cause diarrheal diseases, because ice cubes are made by home industries still traditionally without considering hygiene requirements. In some countries, the food industry has moved towards testing Enterobacteriaceae which shows enteric bacterial contamination as a condition hygiene. This study aimed to determine the microbiological hygiene quality of the Enterobacteriaceae numbers in ice-based school children snacks in Koto Tangah Subdistrict, Padang City. This study was a descriptive study. The study was conducted from April to May 2019 at the Laboratory of Microbiology at the Center for Drug and Food Control in Padang. Total samples taken were 20 samples. The results showed that the sample that fulfilled the microbiological quality requirements for sadness was 60% (12 samples) and 40% (8 samples) that did not meet the requirements, the highest results were obtained at SDN 44 Sungai Lareh with a value of 9.82 x 105 colonies/mL.

An Overview of The Eye Component (Iris, Lens and Retina) From Mackerel Female (Rastrelliger brachysoma) Kiki Fiolita
Bioscience Vol 1, No 1 (2017): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Fish ability to exist and defend their lifeinvolve sense of sight beside sense or another receptors. One of thefactor that influence fish behavior is the sight sharpness. Which is influence by amount and cell formation of cone cells, rod cells, and eye lens diameter. In Indonesia, comprehension and study about the fish sight ability is still minimal in fact this study is very important for fishery technology development. This research aims to describeof theeye components (Iris, Lens, and Retina). This research observe the component eye mackerel female.This research is descriptive, that is reveals research object data actually. Research which observe the component of femalemackerelseye. Theeyes component which is taken is iris, lens, and retina, and the observation use Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).The results indicate that iris structure of the fish contain a lot of melanosoms pigment. The lens have the rounds shape and transparant yellows color, the retina have cone cell and rod cell. The conecell from sided mozaik also have two cells types, singular and doubled cone cells. The is due to mackerel high intensity in using their sense of sight, ability to distinguish colors and including fish that actively hunt prey. Keywords Rastrellige brachysoma, the structure of fish eyes, photoreceptors.

Coliform Contaminant Analysis at Dug Well in Ungga Village, Central Lombok District, West Nusa Tenggara Dadan Supardan
Bioscience Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Dug well water generally is a daily source of domestic water used by most households in Indonesia. However, the well water excavation does not meet the quality of health standards. Contamination of microorganism in dug well water occurs due to the distance of wells with septic tank, household waste disposal and animal husbandry. One of the bioindicators of contaminated groundwater is the presence of Coliform bacteria in large quantities, such as Escherichia coli, which potentially cause various diseases in human. The objective of this study was to determine the biological contamination of dug wells water in Ungga, Iting Bengkel Village, Central Lombok. This study was observational study and sampling method used purposive sampling with the number of samples was 6 dug wells. The biological contamination indicator was determined by calculating the index of Most Probable Number (MPN) Coliform. The laboratory analysis included the analysis Escherichia coli by MPN. The result showed that a total of 6 wells with distance 3.45 meters and 4.70 meters against septic tank has MPN coliform value 1898 per 100 ml. The result of water samples from 2 dug wells has contaminated by Escherichia Coli and has reached amount 14 per 100 ml (A3) and 16 per 100 ml (B3).

Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria (Lactobacillus sp) from Sauerkraut with the addition of Cayenne Pepper Resti Fevria; Indra Hartanto
Bioscience Vol 3, No 2 (2019): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/0201932106355-0-00

Abstract. Sauerkraut is cabbage that is produced from natural fermentation by bacteria in the presence of 2.5 percent salt. Salt additions limits the activity of gram –negative bacteria, while the growth of lactic acid bacteria will increase. Chili is a vegetable of the genus Capsicum which has high economic value and also contains various compounds that are useful for human health. One method to get good quality cayenne is fermentation. Fermentation is part of biotechnology that uses microorganisms as the main actors in a process. One of the microbes that determines the success of fermentation is lactic acid bacteria. The purpose of this study is isolate LAB from Sauerkraut with the additional cayenne pepper the type of LAB produced microscopically. Research methods, the ingredients used are cabbage and cayenne fermentation (sauerkraut with the additional cayenne pepper), MRSa, 0,9% NaCl, crystal violet paint from biological laboratories UNP. Isolation LAB from Sauerkraut done in with fermentation Sauerkraut and then plant the sauerkraut into the MRSa medium with streak plate methods. The isolates obtained were identified microscopically using a microscope with gram staining method. From the research that has been done, the following result are obtained : Sauerkraut with additional cayenne pepper direcly into MRSa medium and gram staining, there were 12 colonies of gram positive bacteria with bacil cell form, and negative catalase test. We can identify this colonies as Lactobacillius sp.

Leaf Area and Stomata Index of Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.) Cisokan and Batang Piaman Varieties to Drought Stress Putri Widianti; Violita Violita; Moralita Chatri
Bioscience Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Background and objective.The response of rice plants to drought stress was preceded by physiological response in the form of reduction of transpiration rate to reduce water loss by closing stomata, reducing stomata, and decreasing leaf surface area by leaf rolling. Therefore, it is necessary to research the morphological character and physiological character of plants such as leaf area analysis and stomata index to find out their response to drought stress and without drought. Based on this, this research is aimed to know the area and index of stemata leaves of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) varieties of Cisokan and Batang Piaman due to drought stress.Methodology. Drought treatment was performed by withholding water for 12 days in greenhouse.Data were taken destructively on days 0, 4, 6 and 12 after treatment. Result. Drought stress had an effect on decreasing leaf area and stomata index on both varieties. The lowest leaf area is found in Cisokan variety. Likewise with the stomata index, the lowest yield after 12 days of treatment was found in the Cisokan variety. Low leaf area and stomatal index are known to be more resistant to drought because they can reduce the rate of transpiration in plants. Keywords: Drouhgt stress, Leaf Area, Stomata index

Production of Complex Amylase Enzymes From Aspergillus Awamori KT-11. Its Application To Hydrolyze Cassava and Taro Starch Ruth Melliawati; Nuryati Nuryati
Bioscience Vol 3, No 2 (2019): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Indonesia as an agricultural country rich in various types of plants including tubers. The purpose of this study was to produce and apply complex amylase enzymes from Aspergillus awamori KT-11 in hydrolyzing cassava and taro starch to liquid sugar. The production of complex amylase enzymes is carried out in a liquid and solid medium. The hydrolysis of starch into sugar is carried out with several enzyme concentrations (2-10%) and starch concentrations (5-25%) at room temperature (30ºC) and 60⁰C for 3 hours, 24 hours - 72 hours. TLC tests were carried out on sugar from hydrolysis of cassava starch and taro flour to determine the type of sugar formed.As a result, the highest enzyme activity was obtained in the solid medium formation (242.83 Units/ml). The best condition for hydrolyzing starch is 15% starch concentration, 10% enzyme concentration at 60ºC for 72 hours. The results of hydrolysis sugar were 9.52 mg / ml (taro) and 9.37 mg/ml (cassava) respectively, with an incubation time of 72 hours.The TLC analysis showed that sugar Rf from cassava was detected as lactose and Rf from Talas flour as maltose.

The Effect of Composting Azolla Compost Fertilizer and Humic Material on CO2 Gas Production in Sand Land Febrianti Rosalina; Muhammad Syahrul Kahar
Bioscience Vol 2, No 2 (2018): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

his study was an experimental study which aimed to determine the effect of Compost Azolla Fertilizer (KA) and the addition of humic material (H) on the sand soil to the levels of CO2 produced in the respiration process of soil microorganisms (incubation soil conditions). The design used is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 9 treatments, namely 300 kg ha-1 urea (U), 4 tons ha-1 KA (T1), 15 liters ha-1 H (T2), 2 tons ha-1 KA + 15 liters ha-1 H (T3), 4 tons ha-1 KA + 15 liters ha-1 H (T4), 6 tons ha-1 KA + 15 liters ha-1 H (T5), 2 tons ha-1 KA + 30 liters ha-1 H (T6), 4 tons ha-1 KA + 30 liters ha-1 H (T7), 6 tons ha-1 KA + 30 liters ha-1 H (T8) and 1 control (K ) without the addition of train and H with 3 replications. Measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels from each sample using gas chromatography equipped with TCD (Thermal Conductivity Detector). The statistical data analysis used was the F test, whereas to see the difference in the effect of each treatment, the BNT test was used. The results showed that Azolla compost fertilizer and humic material on sand soil had an effect on the level of CO2 gas production produced in the soil microorganisms respiration process, where the concentration of Azolla compost fertilizer and humic material which most affected the increase of CO2 gas production in sand soil was treated with the highest concentration of 6 tons ha-1 Azolla + 30 liter compost fertilizer ha-1 H (T8).

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