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TALENTA Publisher Universitas Sumatera Utara cq.Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Faculty of Pharmacy Univesitas Sumatera Utara Jalan Tri Dharma No. 5, Pintu 4, Kampus USU Padang Bulan Medan 20155, Sumatera Utara - Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 26156199     EISSN : 26203731     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/idjpcr.v1i1.203
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research (IDJPCR) is a-peer-reviewed publication of original research works. The mission of the journal is to offer a medium to exchange ideas and information about the advancement of knowledge and research in disciplines of pharmaceutical technology, pharmacology, clinical pharmacy, medical sciences, biological pharmacy and pharmaceutical chemistry. The journal also receives systematic reviews, meta-analysis and review article on new issues in pharmaceutical and clinical sciences. Submission to this journal implies that the manuscript has not been published or under consideration to be published in another journal. At the initial stage, this journal will be published online twice a year.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 112 Documents
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Plasmodium Resistance to Artemisinin Derivates due to Kelch-3 Gene Mutation Trasi, Reqgi First
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research (IDJPCR) Vol. 04, No
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v4i2.6332

Abstract

Artemisinin class of antimalarial drugs play an important role in controlling falciparum malaria after the emergence of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to other antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and mefloquine. Therefore, the presence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to this class of drugs is threat to global efforts to eliminate this disease. Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin recently known to be associated with mutations in the propeller domain of the kelch-13 (K13) Plasmodium falciparum gene. The incidence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance due to mutations in the K13 gene, among others, can be found in Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, China, Myanmar, Thailand and Africa. The presence of mutations in this gene will change the response of Plasmodium falciparum against oxidative stress induced by artemisinin by involving the proteasome-ubiquitin pathway. In addition, mutation K13 will also change the levels of PI3K and PI3P in the body of Plasmodium falciparum. PI3K and PI3P are lipids that essential for the development of Plasmodium falciparum from ring stage to schizont. Resistance to artemisinin will also provide phenotypic changes in the life cycle of Plasmodium falciparum in the form of elongation at the stage ring and transient shortening in trophozoite development. This resistance incident can be overcome, among others by prolonging the duration of treatment (from a 3-day regimen to a 4-day regimen) and combining artemisinin with proteasome inhibitors.
Antidiarrheal Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum Isolated from Dengke Naniura on Escherichia coli-induced Rats Nasri, Nasri; Harahap, Urip; Silalahi, Jansen; Satria, Denny
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.6478

Abstract

Diarrhea is discharge of abnormal and liquid stool with a frequency of 3-4 daily which caused by pathogenic organisms such as Escherichia coli, and other. Dengke Naniura is a traditional Batak Toba food that can produce probiotics (Lactobacillus fermentum). Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that confer a health benefit on the host. Nutritional supplements combined between probiotics and prebiotics are called synbiotics, The purpose of this study was to analyze the preventive effect of diarrhea in rats given L.fermentum for 21 days. The preventive effect of diarrhea test begins with the giving of L.fermentum from day 1 to day 21. From day 7 to day 14 rats were induced with E.coli. Weight of the rats, stool consistency, onset of diarrhea, frequency of diarrhea, and duration of diarrhea were observed. The results of the observation that weight of rats in the L.fermentum group increased compared to group 1 (p<0.05). Consistency stool is soft (massless). Onset of diarrhea on day 1 after induced of E.coli in the group 1. Frequency of diarrhea increased to 9.25 ± 0.50 times on day 14 (group 1). And diarrhea occurs for 10 days. Conclusion L.fermentum showed a preventive effect of diarrhea in rats induced E.coli.
Formulation and Evaluation of Cream Turmeric Extract Preparations from Turmeric Rhizomes (Curcuma domestica Val.) Estefania, Kaban Vera; Silalahi, Jansen; Sumaiyah, Sumaiyah; Satria, Denny
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.6479

Abstract

The use of plants as a method of herbal treatment is a step that is currently being developed by many researchers to produce effective and minimal side effects. Turmeric is one of the most widely used cooking spices by the people of Indonesia. The main ingredients possessed by turmeric include curcumin (77%), demethoxy (17%) and bisdemethoxy (3%). One of the pharmaceutical preparations with a topical delivery system is a cream preparation which is a semi-solid dosage form, containing one or more drug ingredients dissolved or dispersed in an appropriate base material. Turmeric can be formulated in various preparations, one of which is a cream dosage form. The advantage of using cream preparations is that they are practical, easy to wash and clean. The purpose of this study was to formulate turmeric extract in a cream preparation. The results of the evaluation test showed that the formula produced a cream with a yellow-orange color, a characteristic odor of turmeric, and a preparation with a semisolid cream texture, had good homogeneity, good dispersing ability, the pH of the preparation was 5.84; 6.32; 6.24; 5,94;5,94 and the type of emulsion is O/W (Oil in Water).
Dry Suspension Formulation of Ethanol Extract from Wuluh Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) with Arenga Gum as Suspending Agent Zebua, Nilsya Febrika; Syafitri, Yuni; Sudewi; Novriansyah, Reza
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.6910

Abstract

Wuluh starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) has a sour taste and high water content which makes the fruit easily damaged and has a short shelf life. It is necessary to process wuluh starfruit in order to obtain a product that has a longer shelf life and tastes better without reducing its benefits. The purpose of this study was to determine the wuluh starfruit in the form of ethanol extract can be formulated into a dry suspension dosage form with arenga gum as a suspension which at a certain concentration can be an optimal suspending agent. Based on the results showed that the ethanol extract of wuluh starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) could be formulated into a dry suspension. The preparation with 0.5% arenga gum as a suspending agent is the best preparation which has a moisture content of 0.46%, stationary angle of 26.48º, flow time of 4.77 seconds, compressibility index of 18%, particle size distribution 152.133μm, viscosity 106.00 cP, pH 4.16 and sedimentation volume 0.55. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and post hoc Multiple Comprasions Tukey HSD test.
Patient Satisfaction on Covid-19 Handling in Primary Health Centers Yustika Wirda Ningsih; Nasution, Azizah; Harahap, Urip
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.7416

Abstract

Primary health centers play important roles in preventing, detecting, and helping people to cope with the problems associated with the COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and optimize the role of primary health center, including pharmaceutical care. This prospective descriptive study aimed to evaluate the level of patient satisfaction on COVID-19 handling in seven primary health centers Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia period January to April 2021. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to a total of 617 patients admitted to the 7 primary health centers to assess the characteristics of the patients and the required data about patient satisfaction about nine-item pharmaceutical services provided, supporting facilities, and infrastructures. The patient satisfaction was assessed using a 4-point Likert scale categorized into very dissatisfied, dissatisfied, satisfied and very satisfied. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and Chi-Square analyses. Most (67%) of the respondents were females. The present study indicated that most respondents satisfied with the services provided.
Antibacterial Activity of Citronella Essential Oil from Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sari, Irma; Misrahanum, Misrahanum; Faradilla, Meutia; Ayuningsih, Cut Mutia; Hilda Maysarah
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.8302

Abstract

Irrational antibiotic use in the treatment of infectious diseases can result in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The purpose of this study is to determine the physical properties of citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) and to assess its antibacterial activity against MRSA. Citronella essential oil was extracted using a water-steam distillation method, yielding 0.5 percent. Citronella essential oil has a specific gravity of 0.904, a refractive index of 1.470, and is slightly soluble in 80 percent ethanol. All of these parameters were in accordance with the Indonesian Standard Requirement (SNI) for Citronella essential oil. The disc diffusion assay was used to test the antibacterial activity of this Citronella essential oil. The result indicated that Citronella essential oil has an activity to inhibit MRSA invitro.
Virgin Coconut Oil in Ketogenic Diet Silalahi, Jansen; Silalahi, Yosy C E
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.9436

Abstract

A ketogenic diet consists of high fat, with moderate to low protein content, and very low carbohydrates, which forces the body to use fat instead of glucose to produce energy which is called ketosis. Ketogenic diets are commonly used in patients suffering from neurological disorders, and mostly epilepsy. Fat is a mixture of different triacylglycerol molecules formed by esterification of glycerol with three fatty acids. Based on the length of fatty acids in triacylglycerols, fats and oils can be classified into two groups; medium chain triglycerides composed of short and medium chain fatty acids containing 4 to 12 carbon atom, and long chain triglycerides composed of long chain fatty acids containing 14 to 22 carbon. Metabolism of medium chain triglycerides is different from that of long chain triglycerides. Classic or old ketogenic diet use long chain triglycerides as fat component may cause side effects such as dislipidemia and hence increase cardiovascular disease risk.This drawback may be reduced by replacing long chain triglycerides with medium chain triglycerides. Coconut oil belongs to medium chain triglyceride fats because it’s fatty acids consist mostly of medium chain fatty acids. There are two kinds of coconut oil obtained from coconut meat namely coconut oil used for frying, and virgin coconut oil is directly consumable and more suitable in Ketogenic diets
Analysis of Antiretroviral Drugs (ARV) Logistic Management in the Province of Sumatera Utara (Case Study: Regional Public Hospital Dr. Pirngadi Medan And Public Hospital HKBP Balige): English Lumbanraja, Linnon Bastian; Nasution, Azizah; Dalimunthe, Aminah
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research (IDJPCR) Vol. 04, No
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v4i2.6387

Abstract

Good drug management including planning, procurement, storage, distribution, destruction, recording and reporting is one of the tasks of the North Sumatra Provincial Health Office and HIV Services in the Regency/City. The purpose of this study was to analyze the drug management of the Antiretroviral program drugs in 2019 and 2020 at the Pharmacy Warehouse of the Health Office of North Sumatra Province, the Pharmacy Installation of Pirngadi Hospital Medan, and Pharmacy Installation at HKBP Balige Hospital. The research was conducted in January-April 2021. This research is descriptive with quantitative data obtained retrospectively and concurrently, qualitative data obtained through observation and interviews with informants. The data obtained were analyzed using indicators and compared to standard research results. The results showed in the North Sumatra Provincial Health Office 5 indicators have not met the standards and 9 indicators have met the standards, in Pirngadi Hospital Medan 4 indicators have not met the standards and 8 indicators have met the standards, but have not done the process of planning drug needs, and in HKBP Balige Hospital there are no indicators that meet the standards and do not do the planning of drug needs. The conclusion of this study is drug planning at the North Sumatra Provincial Health Office using the consumption method of the previous period. Pirngadi Hospital Medan and HKBP Balige Hospital did not plan for drug needs. Drug distribution at the North Sumatra Provincial Health Office uses a decentralized system starting in 2020 from the previous centralized system. In Pirngadi Hospital Medan the system is decentralized, while at HKBP Balige Hospital the distribution system is centralized.
The Impact of Pharmacist Intervention on Clinical Outcome, Adherence, and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Putri Fiari, Hera Zalia; Nasution, Azizah; Dalimunthe, Aminah
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.8708

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin (insulin resistance) and diagnosed by measuring blood glucose level (BGL). BGLs of DM patients should always be controlled to prevent complications. The purpose of this analytical cohort study was to analyze the effect of pharmacy intervention (PI) on BGL, adherence, and quality of life (QOL) of DM Type 2 (T2DM) patients (n=48) admitted to Dr. Tengku Mansyur hospital in Tanjung Balai period December 2020 to May 2021. The BGL, adherence, and QOL of the patients were compared before and after PIs. The patients’ BGLs were recruited from their medical records, their adherence to medication was analyzed using MMAS-8 questionnaire, and the patients QOLs were analyzed using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and the scores were categorized into 3 categories (< 0.60 = bad, 0.6 - <0.80 = moderate, ≥0.80 = good). The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank tests in the SPSS Program. Mean age of the patients was 59.20 ± 8.20 (years). Most (58.3%) of them were females. The mean BGLs (mg/dL) of the patients: before PI 1, 262.02±5.91; before PI 2, 259.39±5.53; after PI, 202.35±4.80; and follow up after PI, 168.60±3.07. The mean adherence scores: before PI 1, 4.833 ± 0.08; before PI 2 4.70±0.07; after PI 6.833±0.09; follow up after PI 7.793±0.05. The mean QOLs of the patients: before PI 1, 0.719±0.005; before PI 2, 0.719±0.001; after PI, 0.801±0.009; follow up after PI 0.977 ± 0.009. There were significant differences among BGLs, patients’ adherence, and their QOLs before and after PI. p=0.000 The present study proved that PI improved medication adherence, BGLs, and QOLs of outpatients with T2DM.
Succesfulness of Controlling and Prevention of Leprosy in Aceh Tenggara Regency, Indonesia Syafriadi; Khairunnisa; Azizah nasution
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i2.9437

Abstract

Leprosy remains as a health problem in Indonesia. This retrospective descriptive study analyzed the succesfulness of controlling and prevention of leprosy by Deparment of Health Aceh Tenggara Regency (DHATR), Indonesia period 2010 to 2019. The required data (n=125) were extracted from the DHATR databases using a self-designed questionnaire. The new cases, grade 2 disability  rate, recovery rate with  multi-drug therapy (MDT), isolation measures for leprosy patients, bacille calmette-guerin (BCG)  vaccination for the patients’ families, and tertiary prevention were analyzed using a cohort analysis. Succesfulness of the program was analyzed by referring the study results  with the National Guidelines for Eradicating Leprosy (NGEL). Of the 125 patients, 62.4% were male. The new cases found for period: 2010 to 2016, > 5/100,000 population; 2017 to 2019, < 5/100,000 population. The incidence of level 2 disability period 2010 to 2019 was less than 25 cases/10 years and recovery in paucibacillary leprosy (PBL) and multibacillary leprosy (MBL) from 2010 to 2019 reached 100%. The incidence of MBL was higher than that of PBL at the age range of 1 to 70 years.There was no patients isolated and vaccinated during that period. The controlling and prevention  of leprosy in DHATR was in accordance with the NGEL.

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