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Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
ISSN : 02164329     EISSN : 24428957     DOI : 10.20886/jphh
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan adalah jurnal ilmiah nasional yang mempublikasikan tulisan yang telah dicermati oleh Dewan Redaksi dan Mitra Bestari di bidang hasil hutan. Tulisan dalam Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan mencerminkan inovasi dan hasil penelitian dasar dan terapan yang berkualitas di bidang hasil hutan. Topik tulisan penelitian hasil hutan meliputi: 1. Anatomi bahan berlignoselulosa 2. Sifat fisik dan mekanik bahan berlignoselulosa 3. Teknologi serat bahan berlignoselulosa 4. Papan komposit bahan berlignoselulosa 5. Biodeteriorasi dan pengawetan bahan berlignoselulosa 6. Teknologi pengeringan hasil hutan 7. Penggergajian dan pemesinan kayu 8. Pengolahan hasil hutan kayu dan bukan kayu 9. Pengolahan kimia dan energi hasil hutan 10. Ilmu kayu dan teknologi hasil hutan Keteknikan hutan 12. Pemanenan hasil hutan kayu dan bukan kayu
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 1,297 Documents
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STUDI SOSIAL EKONOMI PENGGUNAAN LABAN HUTAN KONVERSI UNTUK TRANSMIGRASI DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN Ismatul Hakim
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 5 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.9.5.207 - 215

Abstract

The transfer  of  convertion  forest  lands  into  transmigration  areas must   be geared  towards   improving   and  developing  land productivity  in  order  to  obtain  optimun  socio-economic   role  of the  rasources   for  the transmigrant  and  sustainability of  agricultural  production.  In  this rasearch   respondent  samples  are purposively   taken from  the villages  of  Ambawang  (15 families)  as  a less   successful transmigration  area and of  Domit  (115  familia)  as a successful  area.  Both  are located  in Jorong  sub-district,  Tanah  laut District,  South  Kalimantan.The  resulis showed thet the  per capita  income  of  respondent  family   in Damit  village is higher   than  that in Ambawang    village  (almost twice)  and  land productivity in Damit  village is even  3 limes as in  much  as in .Ambawang  village   These mean  that transmigration  program  in Damit village is more  succasful   than  in Ambawang village.  Land  utilization  in  Damit  and   Ambowang  villages is as foUows  : I t e ms                                             Precentage of  land  us   Damit      Ambawang.Rice field                                              181,80   125,71Home  garden                                   104,17   82,76Farm land                                            26,57     34,57This  can  be interpreled   that more  land  in Damit  is suitable  for  rice field.   Land  use in transmigration   areas  depends  on  the suitability level of land for  agricultaral  extensification,  the availability  of  water for  irrigation,  and background  experience  background   of  transmigration family.An  average  number   of  mandays  per family  per year  is 2140.49 mandays   which  consists   of:  farming,  rice field  woking,  off- farming and  home gardening  are 36.77%, 24.16%, 21.52%,  and  16.60%, respectively.  The total income  per family  both  villages is Rp  1,275,086.300The saving  level per  family  in Domit  is  Rp 333,794.20 and in  Ambowang  is Rp   541,303.00  but the Gross   Domestic  Product  (PlJB)  in Damit is Rp 873,075.00 and  PDB  in Ambawang  is Rp  265,431.50. These   mean  that  the  equalization   level of  income  distribution  and  the occess  of transmigration  community   to the village development   are better in  Damit  than  on .Ambawang.In general,  it can  be concluded   that practicing  transmigration  program   by  using  convertion  forest   land  in   Jorong,  South   Kalima.tan can  improve  land  productivity   and  socio-economic   status  of  the tronsmigrants  which  makes  them  enjoying  beller  life in the  new areas.  The in depth  study  on  socio-economic    aspeci  of  transmigration   is required  by  comparing   their  socio-economic   status  in their  new   area  to their  previous  ones   in Java.
SIFAT PAPAN SERAT DARI KAYU ACACIA MANGIUM WILLD., EUCALYPTUS DEGLUPTA BLUME DAN EUCALYPTUS UROPHYLLA BLAKE Kayano Purba; Deden Edi Rusfiandi; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; M Rosid
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.299-303

Abstract

             This paper  deals  with  the  study   on  the  fiberboard   properties   of  A.  mangium,  E. deglupta and  E. urophylla.  The cooking  process  applied   consisted  of hot  caustic soda semi chemical process  and prehydrolysis   prior  to mechanical pulping process.The  hot  caustic  soda  semi  chemical  process   used  the  condition   as follows:   alkali  concentration    was 35 g/l,  wood  to liquor  ratio  was 1    :   8, maximum   temperature   was  100° C and  this  temperature   was kept  for two  hours.  The prehydrolisis prior  to  mechanical  process  was prepared   in the autoclave  with  the wood  to liquor  ratio ;of   .     1    :  8, maximum   temperature was  175  ± 1°C  and  this  temperature   was  kept   for  60  seconds,   and  the pressure  of  7 -   12 kg/cm2.      Sheet  forming  was done   by  wet  felting process  in the deckle box,   the pressing pressure  was 50  kg/cm2,      temperature   was 170° C for  10 mi- nutes.  Heat  treatment   was given for 3 hours at temperature  of  170° C without  pressure.The  result  shows  that  the  cooking  process  has a  significant   influences  on  the  moisture  content,   water  absorption, thickness   swelling,   tensile  strength  parallel  to  surface  and  modulus   of  rupture   of  the  fiberboard.   Likewise,   the  wood species  has a  significant   influence   on pulp  yield,   moisture  content,   water  absorption   and  thickness  swelling.  The interac- tion of  both  factors  only  significantly  influences   modulus  of rupture  and modulus  of elasticity.The  highest  pulp  yield  was from  A.  mangium  followed   by  E. deglupta,  and  E. urophylla.  Almost  overall properties of  fiberboard   met   the  FAO  standard,  except   for  the  water  absorption   and  tensile  strength  parallel  to surface  of  E. uro- phylla.  The  mechanical process   produced   fiberboard   with  better  water  absorption   and  thickness  swelling  than  that of hot caustic  soda  semi  chemical  process.   On  the  other  hand  the  tensile  strength  parallel  to surface  and  modulus   of  rupture of  the  fiberboard  produced    by  hot  caustic  soda  semi-chemical   process   was  found   better   than  that  of  the  mechanical pulping.
SISTEM PENYARADAN PADA EKSPLOITASI HUTAN PINUS DI JAWA TENGAH S Sutopo; Maman M Idris
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 3 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.3.1-9

Abstract

A paper  mill  is to  be erected  in Cilacap, Central Java in the near future. The raw material  must  come  from  the hilly pine  forests  in  the  Pekalongan  and Banyumas  area. The  mill's daily intake ranges between 1,000-1,500 m3 of  relatively small  diameter  pine  logs. Therefore manual yarding  system  must  be improved  to increase its productivity. One way to do this is to yard  with a  wheeled  cariage.The purpose of this investigation  is to  determine the feasibility of  this yarding system in hilly pine forest terrain. The investigation reveals the following   :Yarding system by  Roda II is favourable  in  the  hilly pine  forest area in Central Java.This system increases  the  income  per  manday  approximately  by 31%  compared to the  traditional system (ngglebeg) for a  distance of  1,0 km,  and  18%  for a distance of  2.0 km.Yarding productivity by Roda II is approximately  1.58  m3 per day.
SIFAT PULP SODA ANTRAKINON KAYU AKASIA (ACACIA MANG/UM WILLD.) DAN AGATHIS (AGATHIS DAMMARA RICH) Kayano Purba; Putritjatur Budilistyani; Surdiding Ruhendi; Rena M Siagian
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 3 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.3.198-204

Abstract

The  anthraquinone   soda pulping   trials have  been  conducted   by  using Acacia  mangium   Willd. and Agathis  dammara Rich  woods  to  investigate  the  effect   of  anthraquinone   and  its optimum  usage on  the pulp  properties.   The pulping  trials have   been   conducted    individually    in a.    rotary  digester   using  soda  process,   with   16% of  active  alkali,  wood   to  liquor ratio  1    :   4,  maximum    temperature   170°C   and  keeping   the  maximum   temperature   for  two  hours   The  anthraquinone catalyst  was given in five  levels, namely  0.00,  0.05,  0.10,  0.15 and 0.20% of  the  weight  of oven  dry basis wood.The  result  of  the  investigation   showed   that  the  variation  in anthraquinone    used had a significant  effect on the pulp yield,   tear  strength, tear index, stretch  and permanganate   number   of  the pulp  from  Acacia  mangium  wood.   By  adding the same  catalyst  in the pulping   trials of  Agathis dammara  wood  it was found  that such  treatment   had a significant  effect on   the  pulp   yield,    tear  strength,    tear  index,   tensile  strength,    tensile  index,   breaking  length,  folding   endurance,    and bursting  strength.It  was found   that  the addition   of  anthraquinone catalyst   tended  to  increase  of  the pulp  yield  of  Acacia  mangium and   Agathis   dammara,  and  to  decrease  the  permanganate    number   of   the  pulp   of  Acacia  mangium.   In  general,   the addition   of  anthraquinone   catalyst  is increasing  the physical  properties   of  both   wood  species,  but  decreasing the bursting strength   of  the  Agathis  dammara  putp.Compared   to  the classification   of  hardwoods.  from   tropical   forest   according   to  Misra,  based  on  the  pulp   yield, alkali  consumption,    permanganate    number,   and  stretch,    the  Acacia  mangium   pulp   could  be  categorized   as   the  first quality   class,  based  on  the  breaking  length  as the second  quality   class, and  based on  the folding  endurance   it could  be categorized  as the  third  or fourth   quality  class. The optimum  cooking  condition   of Acaciamangium  was obtained  by add- ing of  0.05%  of  anthraquinone   catalyst. The  optimum  cooking   condition   of  Agathis  dammara   was obtained   with  0.10%   anthraquinone   catalyst.  Based  on the  Indonesia  Industrial  Standard   (Sll.08030-83),   at  this  level.  the  resulting pulp  can subsitute   the  unbleached  sulphate pulp  from  conifer wood.
KESESUAIAN ALAT DAN MESIN UNTUK PENGUSAHAAN HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI Sri Sutopo; Djaban Tinambunan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 1 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.1.27-36

Abstract

Several short  investigations   have  been conducted   lo find the suitability  of equipment and machine   used in foreste  estate  operations.   Original  condition  of  land,  soil cultivation practices, and the productivity  of various  equipment   were also collected.The areas  used  for linber   estate  are  usually   alang-alang  grassland  with  the alang-alang densitv  of around  two million  stems/ha,   the average slope of  8%,   consited  of red yellow to red brown podsolik soils. the soil is plowed  twice hy  using  disc plow of 70 cm diameter  with the plowing  depth  of  20-30 cm.   and then harrowed  by using  disc  harrow of 46 cm diameter  with the harrowing  depth  of  15-20  cm.The  efective  power  used for plowing  is around  25 HP and  for  harrowing  is  around 19 HP. Therefore  the engine power  required  (with  50%  efficiency)  is around 50 HP.   For harrowing with  this level of power,   the  harrow  can  be  extended  up  10   4.8  m  wide  to  increase power efficiency,Felling productivities  by using  chainsaw and feller-buncher    are  7.096  and  7. 708 m3/hour, respectivelv,   The  difference  between  these  two  figures   is  not   significant.    While the skidding productivities   by  using  tractor   (140 HP)  and feller-buncher   are  4.929  and  5.140  m3/hour, respectively,   The  difference between this two figures  is highly  significant.Tge  relationship  between  the  power   of  tractor   and  productivity   is  linear  with  higher productivity   when the power  is larger.   Other  result shows that the tractor  used   are mostly too large and,  therefore,  need the  modification  of plow  and harrow combinations.
PENGARUH CARA PENGERINGAN TERHADAP AKTIVITAS MAKANDAN DAYA DAYA HIDUP RAYAP KAYU KERING CRYPTOTERMES CYNOCEPHALUS LIGHT Agus Ismanto; Ginuk Sumarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 10, No 2 (1992): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1992.10.2.59 - 62

Abstract

This paper is  dealing with  the  influence  of drying  methods  to feeding  activity  and survival of Cryptotermes  cynoce- phalus   dry­wood  termite.  The  result  shows   that   drying   methods  have  an  effect on  feeding activity  and  survival of C.  cynocephalus.   Besides  the  drying   methods,  wood  species  has also  an  effect   on  such  both  factor. The  oven method is  more  advantageorus than  desicator  method   which  is  more  selective  and more practice.
SIFAT ARANG AKTIF DARI TEMPURUNG KEMIRI Djeni Hendra; Saptadi Darmawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 25, No 4 (2007): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2007.25.4.291-302

Abstract

Kemiri merupakan hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) potensial dengan beragam kegunaan, diantaranya yang belum banyak disentuh adalah pemanfaatan tempurung kemiri. Pada umumnya masyarakat menjadikan tempurung kerniri sebagai limbah dan hanya sebagian kecil saja yang memanfaatkannya sebagai pengeras jalan dan lantai rumah. Tempurung kemiri sebenarnya mempunyai prospek sebagai bahan baku pada pembuatan arang aktif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat dan kualitas arang aktif dari tempurung kemiri. Tempurung kemiri dibuat arang menggunakan tungku dari drum bekas pakai kapasitas 200 liter yang dimodifikasi, kemudian arang yang dihasilkan direndam dalarn larutan H3PO4 pada konsentrasi 2,5%, 5,0% dan 7,5% selama 24 jam. Selanjutnya di-panaskan dalam retort pada suhu 750°C dan 800ºC. Apabila suhu telah dicapai maka dialirkan uap air panas selama 60 dan 90 menit pada tekanan 4 bar dengan laju alir 1,5 - 2,5 ml/ menit yang sebelumnya melewati ruang pemanas pada suhu 400°C. Arang yang direndam dengan menggunakan larutan H3PO4 2,5%, 5% dan 7,5%, pada suhu 750°C dan 800°C yang dialiri uap air panas selama 90 menit telah menghasilkan daya serap terhadap yodium di atas 750 mg/g (SNI), kecuali pada suhu 750°C yang direndam dalam larutan H3PO4 7,5%. Kondisi optimum pembuatan arang aktif dihasilkan pada suhu 750°C, direndam dalam larutan H3PO4 2,5% dengan waktu aktivasi selama 90 menit.
UJI COBA MESIN KABEL LAYANG EXPO-2000 GENERASI-II DENGAN KONSTRUKSI DUA GIGI EKSENTRIK TERPISAH UNTUK EKSTRAKSI KAYU Wesman Endom
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 32, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.1.1-11

Abstract

Penelitian pengeluaran kayu di daerah curam menggunakan teknologi kabel layang prototipe Expo-2000 Generation II bermesin 13 HP telah dilakukan pada bentangan kabel sekitar 400 m dengan kemiringan lapangan sekitar 50%. Dolok kayu rasamala dengan panjang 2-4 m dan diameter antara 20-40 cm dikumpulkan ke dekat tiang (tower) Mesin yang dipakai untuk pengeluaran kayu dipasang di bukit yang berada di tengah dua bentangan kabel. Bentangan pertama untuk menarik ke atas dan bentangan kedua untuk menurunkan ke bawah. Biaya investasi sekitar Rp 110 juta, biaya pemilikan dan pengoperasian alat adalah Rp 111.975/jam, dengan produktivitas pengumpulan kayu sebanyak 0,59 m /jam, maka biaya untuk setiapm adalah sebesar Rp 189.788.
APLIKASI ARANG KOMPOS BIOAKTIF PADA BUDIDAYA NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth) TERHADAP KUALITAS PRODUK MINYAK NILAM Ina Winarni; Totok Kartono Waluyo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 28, No 4 (2010): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2010.28.4.406-414

Abstract

Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang penting karena memiliki potensi strategis di pasar dunia dimana minyak tersebut berfaedah sebagai bahan pengikat aroma wangi pada parfum, kosmetika dan bahan aromaterapi. Terkait dengan uraian tersebut tulisan ini menyajikan tentang pengaruh pemberian arang kompos bioaktif (arkoba) terhadap kualitas minyak atsiri hasil penyulingan daun nilam antara lain rendemen dan kadar patchouli alkohol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan arkoba pada budidaya nilam memberikan pengaruh sangat baik terhadap rendemen minyak nilam, mencapai 3-4,5%, dengan rata-rata 4 %, sedangkan rendemen minyak nilam yang ditanam tanpa menggunakan arkoba hanya berkisar 2-2,3% (rata-rata 2%). Lebih lanjut kadar patchouli alkohol minyak nilam dengan penggunaan arkoba yaitu 40,01%, sedangkan yang tanpa diberi arkoba hanya 32,26%.
ANALISIS TEKNIS DAN EKONOMIS PRODUKSI ARANG AKTIF INDUSTRI PEDESAAN Tjutju Nurhayati; Saepuloh Saepuloh; Sylviani Sylviani
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 20, No 5 (2002): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2002.20.5.353-366

Abstract

The objectives of this trial was to produce activated charcoal from 5 raw material species which are abundantly potential. The production was conducted in an experimentally designed kiln, expectedly appropriate as a manufacturing prototype of activated charcoal for the inherent endeavors or small-scale village industries, which would be feasible technically, economically, and environmentally. The parameters related to the technical analysis covered the manufacture of charcoal from three wood species (bakau, mangium, and tusam) and coconut shell; analysis on raw material for such charcoal and on the mixed charcoal from the market; activation process using water vapor and air at consecutively 0.25 bar and 4-5 atmospheric pressures, with the temperature as high as 705-805°C; and analysis on iod number for the quality of activated charcoal. For economic evaluation, the inherent parameters covered production cost, activated charcoal price, and other related aspects. For the comparative assessments were used activated charcoals from sawdust and coconut shell from industry. The results are as follows:The yields of resulting activated charcoal were varying, i.e 77% from mangrove charcoal as the highest, followed in decreasing order at 73% from coconut shell charcoal, 66% from both mangium and mixed charcoal, until 58% from tusam charcoal as the lowest. lod number of activated charcoal ranged between 472-722 mg/g, with the one from coconut shell charcoal as the highest and the mangrove charcoal as the lowest. The increase of iod number in coconut shell activated charcoal was the highest with six times higher in comparison to the one in its regular charcoal, followed in decreasing order by those mixed charcoal, tusam charcoal. until mangrove charcoal as well as mangium charcoal as the lowest ( i.e consecutively 3.98 times, 3.39 times and 2.45 limes).Compared to the Indonesian requirement standard for activated charcoal, such production trial of activated charcoal seemed to be insatis factory. This is caused by overall iod numbers which were still below 750 mg/g. However, the iod number in activated charcoal from coconut shell in this trial was still higher than the one in the corresponding activated charcoal produced commercial industries (i.e 722 mg/g). Meanwhile, the iod number in activated charcoal from mixed charcoal (654 mg/g) was lower, but still higher than those from tusam and mangium.The retort for the production trial activated charcoal was constructed of stainless steel reactor with 120 liter volumetric capacity and capable of producing 10 kg per day, using regular charcoal as raw material and firewood as a fuel. This retort was designed as a prototype model for the production of activated charcoal for small-scale industries. The method of production expectedly will not bring about enviromental impacts, since the generated vapour/gas during the activation was immediately incinerated in the fuelwood fire pol.The analysis revealed that the production using coconut shell charcoal as raw material in the retort with design capacity of 250 kg per month and 5 years technical life could be sold at Rp 6,000.- per kg of activated charcoal and therefore could bring in some net benefit at 5.5%. Activated charcoal production using mixed wood charcoal did not give significant any benefit. The benefit of activated charcoal production using coconut shell in that period would be even higher.

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