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JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW
Published by Universitas Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26214105     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/julr.v2i2.2266
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Journal USM LAW REVIEW (JULR) is an academic journal for Legal Studies published by Master of Law, Semarang University. It aims primarily to facilitate scholarly and professional discussions over current developments on legal issues in Indonesia as well as to publish innovative legal researches concerning Indonesian laws and legal system. The focus and scope of this journal are legal problems in the fields of Criminal Law; Civil Law; Constitutional Law; International Law; Administrative Law; Islamic Law; Business Law; Medical Law; Environmental Law; Adat Law; Agrarian Law; Legal Philosophy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 561 Documents
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Tipu Muslihat dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana: Analisis Penalaran Yuridis Hakim dalam Menentukan Unsur Penipuan Alwan Hadiyanto; Emy Hajar Abra; Linayati Lestari
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12062

Abstract

This research aims to analyse the interpretation and application of the element of deception by judges in cases of criminal fraud based on juridical considerations in court decisions, especially in the context of the legal relationship of agreements. In judicial practice, there is often an overlap between the realms of civil and criminal law, especially when a default is qualified as fraud. This raises legal issues that require consistent and rational juridical reasoning from judges. The urgency of this research lies in the need to understand how judges assess and interpret the elements of deceit that are often in a grey area, as well as how judges' discretion is used to integrate legal norms with a sense of substantive justice. The method used is a normative legal research method, with a statute approach, which examines the provisions in the old and new Criminal Code (KUHP) that are relevant to the element of deception. This research also uses a literature study and analysis of court decisions to strengthen the theoretical and practical basis. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on aspects of judges' juridical reasoning in interpreting the elements of deceit, not merely on procedural aspects or sociological phenomena, so that it is expected to contribute to strengthening the quality of legal considerations in criminal justice practice. This study recommends that law enforcement authorities adopt a more rigorous juridical reasoning approach in distinguishing between breach of contract and criminal fraud to prevent the criminalization of civil cases.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penafsiran dan penerapan unsur tipu muslihat oleh hakim dalam perkara tindak pidana penipuan berdasarkan pertimbangan yuridis dalam putusan pengadilan, khususnya dalam konteks hubungan hukum perjanjian. Dalam praktik peradilan, sering kali ditemukan tumpang tindih antara ranah hukum perdata dan pidana, terutama ketika suatu wanprestasi dikualifikasikan sebagai penipuan. Hal ini menimbulkan persoalan hukum yang memerlukan penalaran yuridis yang konsisten dan rasional dari hakim. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada kebutuhan untuk memahami bagaimana hakim menilai dan menafsirkan unsur tipu muslihat yang kerap berada di wilayah abu-abu, serta bagaimana diskresi hakim digunakan untuk mengintegrasikan norma hukum dengan rasa keadilan substantif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), yang menelaah ketentuan dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) lama dan baru yang relevan dengan unsur penipuan. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan studi pustaka dan analisis terhadap putusan pengadilan untuk memperkuat landasan teoritik dan praktis. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini terletak pada fokusnya terhadap aspek penalaran yuridis hakim dalam menafsirkan unsur tipu muslihat, tidak sekadar pada aspek prosedural atau fenomena sosiologis, sehingga diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap penguatan kualitas pertimbangan hukum dalam praktik peradilan pidana. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar aparat penegak hukum agar lebih mengedepankan penalaran yuridis yang mendalam dalam membedakan antara wanprestasi dan tindak pidana penipuan, guna mencegah terjadinya kriminalisasi terhadap perkara perdata.
Copyright Dispute in the Digital Era Between PT Oyo Rooms Indonesia (OYO) and PT Duit Orang Tua Aldizya Jasmine Harum Antika; R.Rahaditya
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12067

Abstract

  This study aims to examine the legal aspects of copyright infringement in the digital context, particularly under Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright, and analyze its implications for companies that utilize digital content without authorization. The urgency of this research stems from the increasing prevalence of unauthorized use of protected content, particularly in the hospitality sector, where visual media play a central role in marketing strategies. The study employs a normative juridical approach by analyzing relevant legislation and actual court decisions, focusing on the copyright dispute between PT OYO Rooms Indonesia (OYO) and PT Duit Orang Tua (DOT). In this case, OYO allegedly used and modified DOT's photos without permission for commercial promotion purposes on various online platforms. The court found OYO guilty of copyright infringement in decision Number 45/Pdt.Sus-HKI/Hak Cipta/2020/PN Jkt.Pst, and this decision was upheld by the Supreme Court in cassation Number 649 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2021. The research highlights that the Indonesian legal framework has been able to provide effective protection to legitimate copyright holders. The novelty of this study lies in its doctrinal analysis of a real-world judicial decision, offering insights beyond the theoretical approaches in previous literature. The study concludes that Indonesia's copyright regime has proven effective in this case and finds that corporate responsibility and due diligence are key in preventing infringement. The study recommends that digital platforms and business actors strengthen their internal compliance systems to mitigate legal risks and promote responsible content usage.
Legal Analysis of Articles of Association Amendments That Cause Share Dilution: Implications for Minority Shareholders' Rights Ferdinandus Zulvacar, Nathanael Ezekiel; Ariawan Gunadi
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12069

Abstract

This study analyzes the juridical validity of amendments to articles of association that lead to share dilution and their implications for minority shareholders in Indonesian corporate law. The urgency arises from the growing number of corporate actions that, while procedurally legal, result in substantive disadvantages for minority shareholders, creating governance imbalances. Using a normative juridical method, the research examines relevant laws, doctrines, and legal principles governing shareholder protection in share dilution cases. The findings reveal that amendments to articles of association often result in a loss of ownership percentage and voting power for minority shareholders due to inadequate safeguards such as pre-emptive rights. The study highlights the gap between formal legal compliance and substantive fairness, identifying weaknesses in both enforcement and regulatory oversight. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the intersection between corporate governance and minority rights in the context of articles of association amendments, an area that remains underexplored in Indonesian legal scholarship. The study concludes that current protections are insufficient and recommends legal reforms, including enhanced minority veto rights, stronger enforcement mechanisms, and the institutionalization of accessible dispute resolution avenues.
Analysis of Default in Cooperation Agreements: A Perspective on Rights and Obligations of The Parties In Dispute Resolution Rayhan Fahriza Yose; Gunawan Djajaputra
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12071

Abstract

This study aims to analyze defaults in cooperation agreements and examine the rights and obligations of the parties in dispute resolution. The urgency of this research arises from the increasing occurrence of defaults in cooperation agreements, which have significant legal and economic consequences for business relationships and economic stability. Using a normative juridical approach, the research examines provisions of the Indonesian Civil Code and relevant legal doctrines, focusing on dispute resolution mechanisms through litigation and alternative methods. Primary legal sources include the Civil Code (KUHPerdata), Law No. 30/1999 on Arbitration, and Supreme Court regulations, while secondary sources comprise legal journals and court decisions. The findings show that default in cooperation agreements results in legal consequences such as compensation, agreement termination, and performance enforcement. Several procedural conditions must be met, including the seriousness of the breach and timely legal action. The study provides a novel contribution by combining normative legal analysis with practical considerations in resolving contractual disputes within the Indonesian legal framework. It concludes that cooperation agreements must clearly define mutual obligations and dispute resolution procedures to ensure legal certainty and fairness. The research recommends that parties include specific clauses addressing default and adopt alternative dispute resolution mechanisms to reduce litigation and maintain business relationships.
Self-Defense in Criminal Law: Examining Limitations and Implications for Criminal Liability Auzan Wafi; Hery Firmansyah
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12072

Abstract

This research aims to examine the legal limitations in the application of excessive self-defense (noodweerexces) and its implications for criminal liability in the Indonesian criminal law system. The urgency of this study stems from inconsistencies in judicial practice regarding the interpretation of reasonable limits in self-defense cases, creating legal uncertainty and potential injustice. This research employs a normative juridical method examining legal regulations, theories, principles, and court decisions related to justification and pardon in Indonesian criminal law. The findings indicate that the application of excessive self-defense requires particular attention to avoid violating fundamental principles of justice, with both objective and subjective evaluations necessary to ensure fair law enforcement. The study reveals that variations in judicial decisions necessitate clearer guidelines to ensure legal certainty, while psychological factors of perpetrators significantly influence considerations in noodweerexces assessments. This research contributes new insights by specifically integrating the analysis of objective legal standards with subjective psychological states in criminal liability determination, filling the gap left by previous studies that examined these aspects separately. The study recommends the development of standardized judicial guidelines through Supreme Court circular letters (SEMA) and mandatory training for judges on psychological assessment in self-defense cases, as well as the incorporation of forensic psychology experts in the judicial process for noodweerexces cases.
Analysis of Digital Bank Customer Protection Against Loss of Funds in Accounts Reviewed According to Indonesian Positive Law Muhammad Raihan Hakim; Moody Rizqi Syailendra Putra
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12073

Abstract

This research aims to analyze digital bank customer protection regarding cases of fund losses in accounts based on Indonesian positive law, examining the legal framework governing consumer protection in digital banking services. The urgency of this study stems from the rapid advancement of information technology in the banking sector, which is creating new challenges and cases, including instances of customer fund losses from accounts through system failures and cyber attacks. This research employs a qualitative approach with an empirical normative design, analyzing legal provisions, regulations, and their practical implementation in protecting digital bank customers. The findings reveal that digital banks are specifically regulated in POJK No. 12/POJK.03/2021 and must apply consumer protection principles according to POJK No. 6/POJK.07/2022, including transparency, fair treatment, reliability, confidentiality, and data security. The study demonstrates that fund losses due to system failures or hacking constitute violations of electronic system reliability and security principles as regulated in the ITE Law, with consumer protection guaranteed by Law No. 8 of 1999 and Law No. 10 of 1998 on Banking. This research contributes new insights into the intersection of digital banking regulation and consumer protection law, revealing gaps in current enforcement mechanisms, particularly regarding third-party cyber crimes, and proposes enhanced protective measures for Indonesia's growing digital banking sector. This study recommends strengthening regulatory enforcement mechanisms, expanding bank liability frameworks for external cyber crimes, and enhancing cybersecurity infrastructure to ensure comprehensive customer protection in digital banking.
Personal Data Subject Rights Protection: A Comparative Study Between Indonesian PDP Law And the UK Data Protection Act Sofia Roselin; Moody Rizqy Syailendra Putra
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12076

Abstract

Personal data protection has become an urgent legal issue in the digital era, especially with the increasing risks of data misuse. This study aims to analyze and compare the legal frameworks of Indonesia's Personal Data Protection Law No. 27 of 2022 and the United Kingdom's Data Protection Act 2018 in protecting the rights of data subjects. Using a normative juridical method with a comparative legal approach, this study examines key principles, enforcement mechanisms, and institutional structures in both legal systems. The research finds that while both laws emphasize individual data rights and accountability, the UK has a more established institutional framework (ICO) compared to Indonesia, which still lacks an independent supervisory authority. The novelty of this research lies in offering bilateral legal harmonization insights and adaptation strategies for Indonesia to meet international standards like GDPR while maintaining cultural and institutional relevance. The study concludes that Indonesia must strengthen its legal institutions and adopt a phased approach to regulatory convergence through establishing an independent data protection authority, capacity building, public legal awareness programs, and regional cooperation frameworks. It recommends a gradual harmonization roadmap starting from ASEAN PDP Framework implementation to eventual GDPR-style reforms to improve data protection effectiveness in the digital age.
Pembaharuan Hukum Terhadap Kekuatan Akta Autentik Elektronik Eli, Grace; Rasji Rasji
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12116

Abstract

This research aims to analyse the legal force of authentic deeds made through electronic media (cyber notary) in the Indonesian legal system and examine the limits of notary authority in digital notarial practices. The urgency of this research lies in the need for legal reform to ensure the legality and effectiveness of cyber notary implementation without ignoring the principle of authenticity of the deed. The method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and legal doctrine to assess the conformity between positive legal norms and community practice. The results show that the practice of cyber notary can be legally recognised as long as all formal and material elements are fulfilled in accordance with the provisions of Article 1868 of the Civil Code. However, the absence of a special regulation that explicitly regulates the procedure for making deeds electronically creates a legal vacuum and potential disharmony between the Notary Office Law and electronic transaction regulations. This research recommends a regulatory update with the addition of special provisions in the Notary Office Law regarding the concept, scope, and implementation mechanism of cyber notary. The contribution of this research lies in offering a normative solution to the legitimisation of electronic authentic deeds in the national legal system.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kekuatan hukum akta autentik yang dibuat melalui media elektronik (cyber notary) dalam sistem hukum Indonesia serta menelaah batas kewenangan Notaris dalam praktik kenotariatan digital. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada kebutuhan pembaruan hukum untuk menjamin legalitas dan efektivitas implementasi cyber notary tanpa mengabaikan prinsip keautentikan akta. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan doktrin hukum untuk menilai kesesuaian antara norma hukum positif dengan praktik masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik cyber notary dapat diakui secara hukum sepanjang seluruh unsur formil dan materiil terpenuhi sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 1868 KUHPerdata. Namun, belum adanya regulasi khusus yang secara eksplisit mengatur prosedur pembuatan akta secara elektronik menimbulkan kekosongan hukum dan potensi disharmonisasi antara Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris dengan regulasi transaksi elektronik. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembaruan regulasi dengan penambahan ketentuan khusus dalam Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris mengenai konsep, ruang lingkup, dan mekanisme pelaksanaan cyber notary. Kontribusi penelitian ini terletak pada tawaran solusi normatif terhadap legitimasi akta autentik elektronik dalam sistem hukum nasional.
Perlindungan Hukum Atas Hak Eksklusif Remake Film Dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang Hak Cipta Laksana, Nabila Setya; Zaenal Arifin; Ani Triwati; Soegianto Soegianto; Ahmad Samudra
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.10093

Abstract

This study aims to examine the legal protection of exclusive rights to film remakes and the legal consequences arising from such actions under Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright. The urgency of this research lies in the increasing prevalence of unauthorized film remakes in the digital era, particularly on social media platforms, which has not been thoroughly explored from the perspective of intellectual property law. This research uses a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, relying on secondary data such as legislation, legal literature, and relevant references. The findings reveal that unauthorized film remakes constitute violations of the author's economic rights, subject to civil sanctions such as compensation and criminal penalties, including imprisonment or fines. The novelty of this research lies in its normative focus on exclusive rights within the context of film remakes as derivative works, an area rarely examined in previous studies. The conclusion emphasizes the need to strengthen the implementation of regulations, enhance digital monitoring systems, and improve public legal literacy regarding copyright protection. Recommendations include cross-sector collaboration among the government, rights holders, and digital platforms to establish a more effective and adaptive legal protection system.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perlindungan hukum terhadap hak eksklusif atas remake suatu film serta akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan dari tindakan tersebut berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Urgensi penelitian ini didasarkan pada maraknya praktik remake film tanpa izin yang semakin meningkat di era digital, khususnya melalui platform media sosial, namun belum banyak dikaji secara mendalam dari perspektif hukum kekayaan intelektual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, serta menggunakan data sekunder berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, dan referensi terkait lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remake film tanpa izin merupakan pelanggaran terhadap hak ekonomi pencipta, yang dapat dikenakan sanksi perdata berupa ganti rugi dan sanksi pidana berupa hukuman penjara atau denda. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini terletak pada fokus analisis normatif terhadap hak eksklusif dalam praktik remake film sebagai bentuk karya turunan, yang belum banyak dijelaskan dalam kajian sebelumnya. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan regulasi turunan, sistem pengawasan digital, dan edukasi publik terkait perlindungan hak cipta. Rekomendasinya meliputi kolaborasi lintas sektor antara pemerintah, pemegang hak, dan platform digital untuk menciptakan sistem perlindungan hukum yang lebih efektif dan adaptif.    
Urgensi Perampasan Aset Dalam Pemberantasan Korupsi: Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Al-Kavafi, M. Imdad; Baehaqi, Ja'far; Rosyid, Maskur
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.11057

Abstract

The effective recovery of assets derived from corruption remains a major challenge within Indonesia’s criminal justice system. The Draft Law on Asset Forfeiture (RUU PA) introduces a non-conviction-based (NCB) mechanism, enabling asset confiscation without a prior conviction of the offender. This study analyzes the normative legitimacy of the NCB approach under Indonesian positive law. It explores its doctrinal foundations from the perspective of Islamic criminal law, specifically through the concepts of ta‘zīr and maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Employing a normative-comparative approach, this research demonstrates that the principle of ta‘zīr provides legal justification for asset forfeiture in the pursuit of public welfare, even absent individual penal sentencing. The findings reveal that the NCB mechanism aligns with Islamic legal values, emphasizing substantive justice and the protection of public property. The novelty of this research lies in its integrative proposal to harmonize Islamic criminal principles with the national legal system, thus supporting a fair and effective asset recovery policy. The study also underscores the importance of strict and accountable regulatory safeguards to prevent abuse of power and to ensure the protection of constitutional rights.   Pemulihan aset hasil korupsi masih menjadi tantangan serius dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia. Rancangan Undang-Undang Perampasan Aset (RUU PA) memperkenalkan pendekatan non-conviction based asset forfeiture (NCB), yang memungkinkan perampasan aset tanpa menunggu putusan pidana terhadap pelaku. Studi ini menganalisis legitimasi normatif pendekatan NCB dalam hukum positif Indonesia serta mengeksplorasi fondasi hukumnya dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam, khususnya melalui konsep ta‘zīr dan maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Dengan pendekatan normatif-komparatif, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prinsip ta‘zīr memberi ruang legitimasi terhadap perampasan aset demi kemaslahatan publik, bahkan tanpa adanya pemidanaan individual. Hasil studi ini memperlihatkan bahwa pendekatan NCB sejalan dengan nilai-nilai hukum Islam yang menekankan keadilan substantif dan perlindungan terhadap harta publik. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini terletak pada tawaran integratif antara prinsip hukum pidana Islam dan sistem hukum nasional dalam mendukung kebijakan perampasan aset secara adil dan efektif. Ditekankan pula pentingnya pengaturan yang ketat dan akuntabel guna mencegah penyalahgunaan wewenang serta menjamin perlindungan hak konstitusional warga negara.

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