Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Legalisasi QR-Code sebagai Validasi dan Pengganti Tanda Tangan Pada Salinan Akta Notaris Fitra Deni; Firli Irnanda
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i1.12427

This study aims to examine the legality of using QR-Codes as a validation mechanism and a substitute for signatures on copies of notarial deeds within the Indonesian legal system and to formulate directions for regulatory reform. The research is motivated by the increasing risk of forgery of notarial deed copies and the limitations of the Notary Law (UUJN), which has not explicitly accommodated electronic authentication mechanisms, despite the recognition of electronic signatures under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, comparative, and philosophical-progressive approaches. The findings indicate that under the current legal framework (lex lata), QR-Codes cannot yet be fully recognized as a substitute for notarial signatures on deed copies. However, normatively and conceptually, QR-Codes possess strong potential to be legalized as an electronic authentication mechanism, provided that they are synchronized with the UU ITE and supported by an official state verification system. The novelty of this study lies in proposing a normative synchronization model between the UUJN and the UU ITE that positions QR-Codes as a form of electronic validation, as well as in formulating a regulatory blueprint for QR-Code-based verification of notarial deed copies integrated with the AHU Online system. This study recommends regulatory reform in notarial law to enhance legal certainty, prevent document forgery, and improve efficiency and public trust in notarial practices in the digital era. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis legalitas penggunaan QR-Code sebagai validasi dan pengganti tanda tangan pada salinan akta notaris dalam sistem hukum Indonesia serta merumuskan arah pembaruan pengaturannya. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya risiko pemalsuan salinan akta notaris dan keterbatasan Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris (UUJN) yang belum secara eksplisit mengakomodasi mekanisme autentikasi elektronik, meskipun Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) telah mengakui keabsahan tanda tangan elektronik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, komparatif, dan filosofis-progresif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara hukum positif (lex lata), QR-Code belum dapat diposisikan sepenuhnya sebagai pengganti tanda tangan notaris pada salinan akta, namun secara normatif dan konseptual memiliki potensi kuat untuk dilegalkan sebagai mekanisme autentikasi elektronik sepanjang disinkronkan dengan ketentuan UU ITE dan didukung oleh sistem verifikasi resmi negara. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada perumusan model sinkronisasi norma antara UUJN dan UU ITE yang menempatkan QR-Code sebagai instrumen validasi elektronik, serta penyusunan blueprint regulasi verifikasi salinan akta notaris berbasis QR-Code yang terintegrasi dengan sistem AHU Online. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembaruan regulasi kenotariatan guna memperkuat kepastian hukum, mencegah pemalsuan dokumen, dan meningkatkan efisiensi serta kepercayaan publik terhadap praktik kenotariatan di era digital.

Pertanggungjawaban Korporasi atas Kelalaian Karyawan Bank di Indonesia Purnomo Purnomo; Kadi Sukarna; Muhammad Junaidi; Kukuh Sudarmanto; Miftah Arifin
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.12709

This study aims to analyze corporate legal liability for customer losses caused by bank employees’ negligence and the legal consequences imposed on employees within the Indonesian legal system. The central issue lies in the lack of legal certainty due to the absence of explicit regulation on corporate liability in the Banking Law regarding employee negligence that harms customers, despite modern banking operations involving institutional risk exposure. This condition creates an imbalance between customer legal protection and institutional accountability in the banking sector. This research employs a normative juridical approach using qualitative analysis of statutory regulations, corporate liability doctrines, and relevant legal practices. The findings reveal that Indonesian positive law does not explicitly regulate corporate liability for employee negligence, resulting in law enforcement that primarily targets individual fault rather than institutional responsibility. The novelty of this study lies in proposing a hybrid liability model that proportionally allocates responsibility between individuals and corporations based on the relationship between personal negligence and institutional supervisory failure. These findings highlight the urgency of reformulating corporate liability regulation in banking law to strengthen customer protection, enhance legal certainty, and promote more accountable banking governance. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertanggungjawaban hukum bank sebagai korporasi terhadap kerugian nasabah yang disebabkan oleh kelalaian karyawan serta akibat hukum yang timbul bagi karyawan dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Permasalahan utama terletak pada lemahnya kepastian hukum akibat belum diaturnya secara eksplisit pertanggungjawaban bank sebagai korporasi dalam UU Perbankan terhadap kelalaian karyawan yang merugikan nasabah, meskipun praktik perbankan modern menunjukkan adanya risiko operasional yang bersifat institusional. Kondisi ini menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan antara perlindungan hukum nasabah dan akuntabilitas lembaga perbankan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan analisis kualitatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin pertanggungjawaban korporasi, dan praktik penerapan hukum terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum positif Indonesia belum mengatur secara tegas pertanggungjawaban bank sebagai korporasi atas kelalaian karyawan, sehingga penegakan hukum masih berorientasi pada kesalahan individual dan belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan tanggung jawab institusional. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada perumusan model pertanggungjawaban hibrida yang menempatkan tanggung jawab individu dan korporasi secara proporsional berdasarkan hubungan antara kelalaian personal dan kegagalan pengawasan institusional. Temuan ini menegaskan urgensi reformulasi pengaturan pertanggungjawaban korporasi dalam hukum perbankan guna memperkuat perlindungan hukum nasabah, meningkatkan kepastian hukum, dan mendorong tata kelola perbankan yang lebih akuntabel.

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Penduduk Transmigran dalam Penguasaan Hak Atas Tanah Nasrullah Nasrullah; Irwan Irwan; Rasdianah Rasdianah
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.12899

This study aims to analyze the legal protection of transmigrant communities in the control of land rights in Pohuwato Regency and to identify legal issues affecting land tenure security. The urgency of this research lies in the persistence of land disputes and legal uncertainty in transmigration areas despite the existence of legal frameworks governing land rights protection. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on the validity of land transactions, transmigrants’ perceptions of transmigration policies, or socio-ecological aspects of transmigration, this study comprehensively examines the relationship between legal protection of transmigrants’ land rights and land governance problems. This research employs an empirical normative method using statutory, case, and sociological approaches. Data were collected through literature review and field research and analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that legal protection for transmigrants’ land rights has been normatively regulated; however, its implementation remains ineffective due to disharmonized land policies, weak intersectoral coordination, and uncertainty in land administration. These conditions are reflected in land disputes between local communities and transmigrants, the absence of compensation for land affected by dam construction, transactions involving transmigration land, discrepancies between transmigration and forest area mapping, overlapping land certificates, abandoned land, and unclear land rights status. The study concludes that stronger interagency coordination and harmonization of land policies are essential to enhance the effectiveness of legal protection for transmigrants’ land rights. The novelty of this research lies in identifying recurring patterns of land-related legal issues in transmigration areas and demonstrating their linkage to policy disharmony and weaknesses in land governance. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perlindungan hukum terhadap penduduk transmigran dalam penguasaan hak atas tanah di Kabupaten Pohuwato serta mengidentifikasi permasalahan hukum yang memengaruhi kepastian hak atas tanah mereka. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada masih ditemukannya berbagai konflik dan ketidakpastian pertanahan di kawasan transmigrasi meskipun perlindungan hak atas tanah telah diatur dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan. Berbeda dengan penelitian terdahulu yang berfokus pada keabsahan jual beli tanah, persepsi transmigran terhadap kebijakan transmigrasi, atau aspek sosial-ekologis transmigrasi, penelitian ini mengkaji secara komprehensif hubungan antara perlindungan hukum hak atas tanah transmigran dengan persoalan tata kelola pertanahan. Penelitian menggunakan metode normatif empiris dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan sosiologis. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum hak atas tanah transmigran secara normatif telah tersedia, namun implementasinya belum efektif akibat disharmonisasi kebijakan pertanahan, lemahnya sinkronisasi lintas sektor, dan ketidakpastian administrasi agraria. Kondisi tersebut tercermin dalam sengketa tanah antara masyarakat lokal dan transmigran, ketiadaan ganti rugi atas tanah terdampak pembangunan bendungan, jual beli tanah transmigrasi, perbedaan pemetaan kawasan transmigrasi dan kawasan hutan, tumpang tindih sertifikat, penelantaran tanah, serta ketidakjelasan status hak atas tanah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan koordinasi antarinstansi dan harmonisasi kebijakan pertanahan menjadi prasyarat utama efektivitas perlindungan hukum hak atas tanah transmigran. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada identifikasi pola permasalahan hukum pertanahan transmigrasi yang berakar pada disharmonisasi kebijakan dan tata kelola pertanahan.

Tanggung Jawab Hukum Pemanfaatan Santri dalam Pembangunan Pesantren Berbasis Ro’an Wulan Regita Safitri; Irfa Ronaboyd
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.13296

This study is motivated by a shift in the practice of the Ro’an tradition within pesantren (Islamic boarding schools), which originally functioned as a means of character education but has evolved into an activity potentially involving students (santri) in high-risk construction work without adequate safety protection. The primary issues in this research concern the legal liability regarding the utilization of santri labor in pesantren construction and how the legal vacuum in the technical regulation of Ro’an affects the effectiveness of child protection. This study applies a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches to dissect the legal correlation between Law Number 18 of 2019 concerning Pesantren and Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. The research findings indicate a legal vacuum characterized by the absence of operational standards, activity limitations, and technical supervision mechanisms for the implementation of Ro’an, particularly in the context of construction work, which creates legal uncertainty and opens the potential for child exploitation. This research offers a novel contribution in the form of an integrative supervision model formulation based on the division of authority between the Ministry of Religious Affairs and local governments. This model emphasizes preventive functions through technical regulations and safety certifications, as well as repressive functions through legal sanction enforcement, to ensure a balance between preserving the socio-religious values of pesantren and protecting the rights and safety of the santri. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pergeseran praktik tradisi Ro’an di pesantren yang semula berfungsi sebagai sarana pendidikan karakter menjadi aktivitas yang berpotensi melibatkan santri dalam pekerjaan konstruksi berisiko tanpa perlindungan keselamatan yang memadai. Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana tanggung jawab hukum atas pemanfaatan tenaga santri dalam pembangunan pesantren serta bagaimana kekosongan norma dalam pengaturan teknis Ro’an mempengaruhi efektivitas perlindungan anak. Studi ini menerapkan metode penelitian yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan serta konseptual guna membedah korelasi hukum antara Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2019 tentang Pesantren dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kekosongan hukum berupa tidak adanya standar operasional, batasan kegiatan, serta mekanisme pengawasan teknis terhadap pelaksanaan Ro’an, khususnya dalam konteks pekerjaan konstruksi, sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan membuka potensi eksploitasi anak. Penelitian ini menawarkan kontribusi kebaruan berupa formulasi model pengawasan integratif berbasis pembagian kewenangan antara Kementerian Agama dan pemerintah daerah yang menekankan fungsi preventif melalui regulasi teknis dan sertifikasi keselamatan, serta fungsi represif melalui penegakan sanksi hukum, guna memastikan keseimbangan antara pelestarian nilai sosial-keagamaan pesantren dan perlindungan hak serta keselamatan santri.

Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Skincare Rebranding Berlabel Halal Asing Tanpa Sertifikasi BPJPH Karin Deany Solikhin
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.13341

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of consumer protection legal instruments and inter-agency supervisory coordination in addressing the trade practices of rebranded skincare products from China labeled with foreign halal certification without official certification from BPJPH, as well as to examine legal remedies and compensation mechanisms for affected consumers. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches through the analysis of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Assurance, and Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade. The findings demonstrate that consumer protection remains structurally weak due to fragmented inter-agency supervision, lack of regulatory harmonization, weak legal liability construction within imported product distribution chains, and the inability of conventional supervisory systems to adapt to digital global trade practices. The novelty of this research lies in its integrated legal analysis combining consumer protection law, halal product assurance law, and trade law within a unified regulatory framework, alongside proposing the application of strict liability for importers, strengthening class action mechanisms, expanding intermediary liability for e-commerce platforms, and establishing technology-based integrated supervision systems. This study contributes theoretically to the development of integrated concepts of consumer protection and transnational consumer governance, while offering practical policy recommendations to strengthen legal certainty, supervisory coordination, and preventive consumer protection mechanisms in the imported halal cosmetic trade in the digital economy era. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas instrumen hukum perlindungan konsumen dan koordinasi antarlembaga pengawas dalam mengatasi praktik perdagangan produk skincare rebranding asal Tiongkok berlabel halal asing tanpa sertifikasi resmi BPJPH, serta menganalisis upaya hukum dan mekanisme kompensasi bagi konsumen yang dirugikan. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual melalui analisis Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, Undang-Undang Jaminan Produk Halal, dan Undang-Undang Perdagangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan konsumen masih menghadapi kelemahan struktural berupa fragmentasi pengawasan antarlembaga, belum optimalnya harmonisasi regulasi, lemahnya konstruksi pertanggungjawaban hukum dalam rantai distribusi produk impor, serta ketidakmampuan sistem pengawasan konvensional dalam merespons perdagangan digital global. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis integratif yang memadukan rezim hukum perlindungan konsumen, jaminan produk halal, dan hukum perdagangan dalam satu kerangka normatif terpadu, sekaligus menawarkan penerapan prinsip strict liability bagi importir, penguatan mekanisme class action, perluasan intermediary liability platform e-commerce, dan pembangunan sistem pengawasan terintegrasi berbasis teknologi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi secara teoritis terhadap pengembangan konsep integrated consumer protection dan transnational consumer governance, serta secara praktis memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan untuk memperkuat kepastian hukum, koordinasi pengawasan, dan mekanisme perlindungan konsumen preventif dalam perdagangan kosmetik halal impor di era ekonomi digital.

Jaringan Buzzer dan Implikasi Hukum dalam Opini Publik Pemilu 2029 Veronica Anggraini Suci Wulandari; Muhammad Junaidi; Albertus Heru Nuswanto; Arief Rizal
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.13492

This study aims to analyze the structure of buzzer communication networks, communication strategies, and their juridical implications in shaping public opinion ahead of the 2029 Election. Previous studies have tended to focus on the dimension of digital political communication without integrating buzzer network analysis with a juridical perspective, thus failing to explain the position of buzzers as legal subjects. This research adopts a qualitative approach using normative juridical analysis supported by analysis through literature review, media documentation, and regulatory analysis. The results show that buzzers operate within hierarchical and organized networks, with main strategies including hashtag amplification, offensive and defensive framing, as well as systematic message repetition that shapes public perception on a massive scale. These practices have the potential to be classified as covert campaigning, information manipulation, and violations of the principles of electoral honesty and fairness, especially when carried out in a structured, systematic, and massive manner. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in the development of a legal framework for digital political communication based on the integration of network and juridical analysis. Its practical contribution includes recommendations for strengthening regulations, enhancing digital oversight by Bawaslu, and improving public digital literacy. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur jaringan komunikasi buzzer, strategi komunikasi, serta implikasi yuridisnya dalam pembentukan opini publik menjelang Pemilu 2029. Penelitian sebelumnya cenderung berfokus pada dimensi komunikasi politik digital tanpa mengintegrasikan analisis jaringan buzzer dengan perspektif yuridis, sehingga belum menjelaskan posisi buzzer sebagai subjek hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis yuridis normatif yang didukung analisis melalui studi pustaka, dokumentasi media, dan analisis regulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buzzer beroperasi dalam jaringan hierarkis dan terorganisasi dengan strategi utama berupa amplifikasi hashtag, framing ofensif dan defensif, serta repetisi pesan sistematis yang membentuk persepsi publik secara masif. Praktik ini berpotensi dikualifikasikan sebagai kampanye terselubung, manipulasi informasi, dan pelanggaran prinsip kejujuran serta keadilan pemilu, terutama jika dilakukan secara terstruktur, sistematis, dan masif. Kontribusi teoretis penelitian ini adalah pengembangan kerangka hukum komunikasi politik digital berbasis integrasi analisis jaringan dan yuridis. Kontribusi praktisnya berupa rekomendasi penguatan regulasi, peningkatan pengawasan digital oleh Bawaslu, dan penguatan literasi digital masyarakat.

Formulasi Kebijakan Hukum Pidana terhadap Pelecehan Seksual Anak di Indonesia Syafira Azzahra; Abdurrakhman Alhakim; Rufinus Hotmaulana Hutauruk
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.13795

This study examines the formulation of criminal law policy regarding child sexual abuse in Indonesia by analyzing the normative disharmony between the Child Protection Law and the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes. Employing normative legal research with statute, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this study evaluates the inconsistencies in the scope of offenses, sentencing orientation, and protection of victims’ rights. The findings demonstrate that the Child Protection Law predominantly emphasizes punitive sanctions and limits sexual abuse to physical acts, whereas the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes adopts a broader victim-oriented framework encompassing non-physical and digital sexual abuse, restitution, rehabilitation, and legal assistance. Such regulatory inconsistency creates legal uncertainty and weakens comprehensive protection for child victims. The study further argues that restorative justice should not replace formal criminal proceedings in cases of child sexual abuse but may function only as a complementary mechanism to support victim recovery under strict safeguards. The novelty of this research lies in its integrative and systematic analysis that simultaneously links criminal law formulation, harmonization of statutory regulations, and conceptual limitations of restorative justice in child sexual abuse cases. This article contributes theoretically by proposing a harmonized criminal law policy model centered on legal certainty, victim recovery, and the best interests of the child, while normatively offering recommendations for a more responsive and justice-oriented reform of Indonesia’s criminal justice system. Penelitian ini mengkaji formulasi kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana pelecehan seksual anak di Indonesia melalui analisis disharmonisasi norma antara Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak dan Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif untuk mengevaluasi ketidaksinkronan ruang lingkup delik, orientasi pemidanaan, dan perlindungan hak korban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak lebih berorientasi pada penghukuman pelaku dan membatasi delik pada bentuk fisik, sedangkan Undang-Undang TPKS mengatur secara lebih luas, termasuk pelecehan seksual nonfisik dan berbasis digital serta menjamin hak restitusi, rehabilitasi, dan pendampingan hukum bagi korban. Ketidakharmonisan tersebut menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan melemahkan perlindungan komprehensif terhadap anak sebagai korban. Penelitian ini juga menegaskan bahwa restorative justice tidak dapat dijadikan pengganti proses pidana formal dalam perkara pelecehan seksual anak, melainkan hanya dapat diterapkan secara terbatas untuk mendukung pemulihan korban dengan pengawasan yang ketat. Novelty penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan integratif dan sistematis yang menghubungkan formulasi hukum pidana, harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan, dan batas konseptual restorative justice dalam perkara pelecehan seksual anak. Kontribusi penelitian ini berupa model harmonisasi kebijakan hukum pidana yang berorientasi pada kepastian hukum, pemulihan korban, dan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak, sekaligus memberikan rekomendasi normatif bagi reformasi sistem peradilan pidana yang lebih responsif dan berkeadilan di Indonesia.

Childfree Phenomenon in Urban Muslim Society: An Islamic Family Law Perspective Yulies Tiena Masriani; Dian Septiandani
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.13830

This study examines the adaptation of Islamic family law in responding to the childfree phenomenon among urban Muslim communities through the framework of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly the principle of ḥifẓ al-naṣl. The increasing acceptance of the childfree lifestyle within contemporary urban society has generated significant legal, social, and religious debates, as the voluntary decision not to have children is often perceived as contradicting Islamic values and the pro-natalist culture of Indonesian Muslim society. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah approaches, supported by qualitative analysis of legal materials and contemporary socio-religious discourse. The findings reveal that Islamic law does not explicitly obligate every married couple to have children; however, the preservation of lineage remains a fundamental objective of Islamic family law due to its close relationship with family continuity, social welfare, and the sustainability of Muslim civilization. The study further demonstrates that childfree decisions motivated solely by radical individualism and hedonistic orientations tend to conflict with the substantive values of ḥifẓ al-naṣl, whereas decisions grounded in reproductive health concerns, psychological readiness, economic limitations, environmental considerations, and responsible parenting may still be accommodated through contextual and maqāṣid-oriented ijtihād. The novelty of this study lies in reconstructing the interpretation of ḥifẓ al-naṣl from a purely biological-procreative orientation toward a qualitative-humanistic framework emphasizing psychosocial well-being, family welfare, and reproductive dignity within contemporary Islamic family law discourse.

Legal Models of Polygamy and Family Resilience: A Comparative Study Fuji Fitria Ningsih; Ishaq Ishaq
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.13945

This study examines the regulation of polygamy within the transformation of contemporary Islamic family law from formal legality toward substantive family protection, focusing on its implications for gender equality, judicial accountability, and family resilience. The study addresses the gap in existing scholarship that tends to discuss legal permissibility, judicial practice, and socio-familial consequences separately without integrating them into a comparative socio-legal framework. Using doctrinal legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this article analyzes the regulatory models of Indonesia, Tunisia, and Morocco by examining judicial authorization mechanisms, evidentiary standards, institutional safeguards, and the protection of wives and children. The novelty of this study lies in positioning family resilience as an evaluative socio-legal framework for assessing the effectiveness of polygamy regulation, thereby extending comparative Islamic family law discourse beyond debates on textual permissibility toward the broader issue of substantive justice and family protection. The findings demonstrate that Indonesia adopts a permission-based model whose protective function remains vulnerable when judicial review is limited to procedural verification; Tunisia applies a prohibitive model that prioritizes preventive legal certainty and monogamous family stability; while Morocco develops a restrictive permission model based on substantive judicial scrutiny, exceptional reasons, financial proof, transparency, and recognition of women’s legal agency. The study concludes that the effectiveness of polygamy regulation depends not merely on the degree of legal restriction, but on the interaction between regulatory design, judicial quality, institutional enforcement, and socio-cultural legitimacy in protecting household stability, gender equality, and the welfare of wives and children.

Islamic Perspectives on Freedom of Opinion and Legal Constraints Ramadhan Al-Fitrah Rao; Dhiauddin Tanjung; Ramadhan Syahmedi Siregar
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.13967

This study aims to analyze the concept of freedom of speech (Hurriyatul Ra'yi) in Islamic teachings and compare its limitations with the provisions of Indonesian Constitutional Law (UUD NRI 1945), particularly in the context of restrictions on hate speech, blasphemy, and the spread of fake news. This study uses a normative (doctrinal) legal type. We apply a philosophical-theological approach to examine Islamic Law and a juridical-normative approach to analyze the Constitutional framework. The analysis is conducted in a comparative-synchronized manner to find common ground and philosophical harmony between the two legal systems. The main primary legal materials include the Qur'an, Hadith, Fiqh Siyasah books, as well as the 1945 UUD NRI and the ITE Law. Freedom of speech in Islam is seen as a right bound by responsibilities and obligations (amar ma'ruf nahi munkar), whose main purpose is to realize the public good (maslahat) and must be stopped if it causes harm (mafsadah). These limitations are supported by the principles of ethics and prevention (Sadd al-Dzarāi'). Accordingly, the Indonesian Constitution guarantees freedom (Article 28E), but imposes mandatory restrictions through Article 28J Paragraph (2) for the sake of "religious values" and "public order." There is a strong philosophical alignment, where Islamic restrictions aimed at preventing mafsadah align with the Constitutional restrictions that protect religious values and public order. Both legal systems fundamentally reject absolute and destructive freedom of expression. This synchronization forms the legal basis for the implementation of positive law (such as the ITE Law) in demanding digital accountability, which in essence protects collective ethics and morality.

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Zaenal Arifin

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INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

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Contact Name Zaenal Arifin

Contact Email zaenal@usm.ac.id

Phone +6282242226898

Journal Mail Official usmlawreview@usm.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl. Soekarno - Hatta

Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Zaenal Arifin

Contact Email
zaenal@usm.ac.id

Phone
+6282242226898

Journal Mail Official
usmlawreview@usm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Soekarno - Hatta

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA