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Heart Science Journal
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 27219976     EISSN : 27219984     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.hsj.2020.001.01
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
HEART SCIENCE is the official open access journal of Brawijaya Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia. The journal publishes articles three times per year in January, May, and September. The journal is a peer reviewed publication and accepts articles for publication from across the world. HEART SCIENCE accepts and publishes articles in the English language only. The primary goal of this journal is to publish clinical and basic research relevant to cardiovascular medicine. The journal covers the following topics: clinical cardiology, interventional cardiology, intensive and acute cardiovascular care, vascular diseases, non-invasive cardiology, pediatric cardiology, cardiac nuclear medicine imaging, arrhythmia, cardiac prevention and rehabilitation, and cardiac surgery. Animal studies are also considered for publication in HEART SCIENCE. To serve the interest of both practicing clinicians and researchers, the journal provides platform or forum for research scholars, intellectuals, and cardiologists to reveal their views and research work for dialogue, education, and interaction to the entire world. HEART SCIENCE publishes original research, reviews, brief reports, case reports, case series, editorial, and commentary. HEART SCIENCE also publishes the special issues and abstracts of papers presented at the annual meeting of the Cardiological Society of Malang.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Articles 325 Documents
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In silico molecular docking investigation of Morus L. bioactive compounds as potential SIRT1 activators for endothelial anti-aging therapy Rahma, Oktivani Adelathifa; Rohman, Mohammad Saifur; Akbar, Naufal Zulfikar; Rohman, Ibrahim Abdur; Nurwidyaningtyas, Wiwit
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.8

Abstract

Background: The silent progression of vascular aging, characterized by endothelial dysfunction, has been closely linked to a decline in SIRT1 activity. Natural polyphenols have drawn increasing attention as potential modulators of this longevity-associated enzyme, offering therapeutic promise through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Objective: This study aimed to conduct an in silico analysis of natural SIRT1 activators, compare their interactions with simvastatin, and explore their structure-activity relationships to identify potential candidates for vascular-protective nutraceuticals or therapeutic adjuvants. Methods: Molecular docking was performed using PyRx 8.0 to assess ligand-SIRT1 interactions. Pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated through Lipinski’s Rule of Five and Veber’s Rule using SwissADME, while toxicity predicted with ProTox-II. Ligand-receptor interactions were visualized using LigPlot+. Result: Moracin demonstrated the strongest binding affinity to SIRT1 (–11.3 kcal/mol), followed by resveratrol (–9.6 kcal/mol), chlorogenic acid (–9.5 kcal/mol), and quercetin (–8.9 kcal/mol), all outperforming simvastatin (–8.4 kcal/mol). Moracin, resveratrol, and quercetin satisfied key drug-likeness criteria, while chlorogenic acid showed limitations in permeability. Toxicity profiling positioned resveratrol as the safest compound (GHS class 6), with moracin and quercetin also showing favorable profiles. Simvastatin exhibited broader toxicity risks. Conclusion: In silico and molecular docking results presented evidence for the potential of Morus L. polyphenols, especially moracin and resveratrol, as SIRT1 activators for endothelial anti-aging therapy. However, these findings remain predictive and require further validation through in vitro and in vivo studies to confirm the therapeutic efficacy and safety of these compounds as anti-aging agents.
Unmasking the silent threat: ST-elevation myocardial infarction in 37-year-old woman Aflakha, Zakiyyatul; Bakhriansyah, Jordan; Yomara, Romadhana Trisnha; Firdaus, Much. Muzakky Misbachul; Alsagaff, Mochamad Yusuf
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.22

Abstract

Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been traditionally associated with elderly males; however, its prevalence is on the rise among young women.  Women often manifest with non-atherosclerotic causes of ischemic heart disease, including plaque erosion and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD); while atypical symptoms and other pathophysiological processes often result in delay in diagnosis and diagnostic or treatment differences. This case underscores the crucial role of early recognition of atypical symptoms, careful assessment of risk factors, and thoughtful selection of the best management strategies. Case Presentations: A 37-year-old woman with inadequately controlled hypertension, who did not have any traditional risk factors, presented to the emergency department with diaphoresis and epigastric pain. Initial electrocardiogram (ECG) showed inferoposterior STEMI, and coronary angiography revealed total mid RCA occlusion with nonsignificant LAD stenosis. She was immediately taken to the cath lab and primary PCI was performed with direct stenting to improve myocardial perfusion. After PCI, the patient experienced uneventful TIMI III flow restoration and was discharged on DAPT and optimal medical therapy. She was asymptomatic at the one-year follow-up, which underscores the efficacy of direct stenting in specific STEMI. Conclusions: Young women with STEMI represent a distinct and under-recognized group requiring sex specific risk stratification and tailored management to improve outcomes. Further research is needed to identify optimal therapeutic strategies for this population.
A case of cardiac myxoma with obstructive symptoms: Recognizing key early signs for improved diagnosis Filano, Marco; Kuhn, Corinna Maria; Zhao, Zihan; Laukkanen, Noora Julia; Rahimah, Anna Fuji; Karolina, Wella; Prasetya, Indra; Rohman, Mohammad Saifur
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.21

Abstract

Background: LA myxoma is the most common primary cardiac tumor, often presenting with obstructive symptoms when the tumor prolapses into the mitral valve during diastole. On the other hand, rheumatic MS leads to fixed obstruction of the mitral valve. The coexistence of both conditions is extremely rare and can exacerbate the severity of mitral inflow obstruction. Early recognition of this dual pathology through careful clinical evaluation and echocardiographic assessment is crucial for timely and effective management. Case Presentations: A 66-year-old female patient presented with progressive dyspnea. Transthoracic echocardiography detected a mobile mass in the left atrium and later identified it as a cardiac myxoma. Further evaluation revealed severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) with a mitral valve area (MVA) measured by planimetry at 1.23 cm², restricting the mass from slipping into the left ventricle during the diastolic phase. Based on the conference decision, tumor resection was performed, and the histopathological examination revealed a left atrial (LA) myxoma. The dual obstruction caused by mitral valve stenosis and a left atrial myxoma resulted in life-threatening symptoms due to diastolic obstruction of mitral inflow. In isolated LA myxoma, the tumor pushes into the mitral valve opening during the heart's relaxation phase, blocking blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle and raising pressure in the atrium and lungs. When significant MS is present, the narrowed valve further worsens this obstruction, leading to higher atrial pressure and more severe heart failure symptoms. Both conditions commonly present with early symptoms such as exertional dyspnea, palpitations, signs of heart failure like edema and pulmonary crackles, diastolic murmur, and sometimes syncope caused by reduced cardiac output. Conclusions: This case highlights the critical importance of identifying early obstructive symptoms indicative of cardiac myxoma. Timely identification of these clinical manifestations can facilitate earlier diagnosis, improve patient outcomes, and prevent potentially fatal complications.
Personalized assessment and management of patients with coexisting supraventricular tachycardia and coronary artery disease: A case series Bahar, Mokhamad Aswin; Rizal, Ardian
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.23

Abstract

Background: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are common cardiovascular diseases that can exist simultaneously, complicating diagnosis and treatment. This case series aims to present clinical scenarios and management strategies in patients with both conditions, emphasizing the decision-making process between ablation and revascularization. Case Presentations: Three male patients, between 51 and 63 years old, presented with recurrent palpitations which sometimes accompanied by chest discomfort or exertional dyspnea. All patients had cardiovascular risk factors. Angiography revealed either multivessel CAD or a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed different tachyarrhythmias which included atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrial tachycardia (AT), and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. The management strategies depended on the main clinical issue present. The treatment of patients with significant ischemia involved PCI with drug-eluting stents (DES) to achieve both symptom relief and rhythm stabilization. On the contrary, when arrhythmia was the main driver of symptoms, catheter ablation successfully eliminated the tachyarrhythmia and enhanced the quality of life. Conclusions: Adequate diagnosis of arrhythmia, its underlying mechanisms, substrates, and triggers by use of electrophysiological study is crucial for well-adapted, multidisciplinary selection of intervention—catheter ablation, PCI, or both—as key to clinical best results.
Association between atherogenic index of plasma and coronary lesion severity in NSTEMI patients Nasution, Umi Hazzar; Sitepu , Andika; Haykal, Teuku Bob; Siregar, Yasmine; Lubis, Hilfan Ade Putra; Ketaren, Andre Pasha; Hasan, Harris
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.13

Abstract

Background: Early identification of the severity of coronary lesions is very important to determine the appropriate management strategy, especially in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and the severity of coronary lesions in NSTEMI patients. Methods: This study was an analytical observational cross-sectional design conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, in 2023. Data were collected from medical records of NSTEMI patients and coronary angiography results. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the relationship between AIP and the severity of coronary lesions, including bivariate tests and multivariate logistic regression. Result: A total of 101 NSTEMI patients were included in this study. AIP values were significantly higher in patients with moderate to severe coronary lesions compared to those with mild lesions. An AIP ≥ 0.434 showed a sensitivity of 64.1% and specificity of 67.6% in predicting moderate to severe lesions. Multivariate analysis showed that AIP was the strongest independent predictor of coronary lesion severity, along with age, diabetes mellitus, and ejection fraction. Conclusion: AIP is significantly associated with the severity of coronary lesions in NSTEMI patients and can be used as a simple yet effective risk indicator.
The endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters: a new alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats Ermawan, Romi; Pikir, Budi Susetyo; Mulyanto, Mulyanto; Utomo, Budi; Widjiati , Widjiati; Oktaviono, Yudi Her
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.14

Abstract

Background: Developing an atherosclerotic plaque model is crucial in atherosclerosis research, as creating such a model remains a significant challenge. Objective: This study evaluates the endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters as an alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats. Methods: This true experimental study employs a post-test-only control group design. Twenty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups: a control group, a treatment group that underwent a 6-week intervention, and another treatment group that underwent an 8-week intervention. The control group was fed a standard diet of 320 kcal per 100 grams, while both treatment groups received a high-fat diet of 414 kcal per 100 grams. In the second week, endothelial injury was induced in the left common carotid artery of both treatment groups using a 26G intravenous catheter. The parameters assessed in the atherosclerotic plaque model included matrix metalloprotease-9 expression, M1 macrophage activity, M2 macrophage activity, maximal intima thickness, and the degree of arterial stenosis. Result: The endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters significantly impacted matrix metalloprotease-9 expression (p<0.001) in both the 6-week and 8-week treatment groups compared to the control group. In contrast, the treatment's effects on maximal intima thickness (p=0.003) and the degree of arterial stenosis (p=0.002) were statistically significant only after 8 weeks of intervention compared to the control group. Conclusion: The endothelial injury techniques using intravenous catheters can be considered an alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats. Although this new technique has several limitations, it holds promise for further development in future studies.
The hidden grip: A case of secondary hypertension entwined with renal artery stenosis Rahmawati, Novi; Handari, Saskia Dyah; Hargiyanto, Erlangga Diasmara
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.20

Abstract

Background: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a vascular disorder characterized by narrowing of the renal artery. It often leads to renovascular hypertension (RVH) and, if untreated, progression to end-stage renal disease. Atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) are the most common etiologies, with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to resistant hypertension. Diagnosis involves imaging modalities such as Doppler ultrasound (DUS), CT angiography (CTA), and confirmation by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). We report a case to emphasize the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of RAS in young patients. Case Illustration: A 17-year-old male presented with persistent grade 2 hypertension unresponsive to dual antihypertensive therapy and a history of repeated hospitalizations. Imaging revealed significant stenosis with post-stenotic dilatation in the right renal artery. CTA and DSA confirmed the diagnosis of RVH secondary to RAS, with Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) as the suspected etiology. The patient underwent successful angioplasty and stenting, resulting in improved blood pressure control and reduced medication requirements. Upon follow-up, the patient’s symptoms have resolved, and their blood pressure is under control. RAS remains a challenging and underdiagnosed cause of secondary hypertension, particularly in younger patients. While optimal medical therapy is the first-line approach, it may be insufficient in high-risk individuals. Non-invasive modalities provide valuable initial assessment, but DSA remains the gold standard for diagnosis and intervention. Revascularization, especially via stenting, is recommended in selected cases with significant stenosis, viable renal tissue, and resistant hypertension. Guidelines emphasize tailored therapy and careful post-procedure monitoring to detect restenosis or symptom recurrence. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and individualized intervention to improve outcomes.. Conclusions: RAS should be considered in young patients with grade 2 hypertension. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention are critical to preventing long-term renal and cardiovascular complications.
Effects of green tea and green coffee extracts, empaglyphozin, and metformin on CAMLG mRNA expression in aortic calcification in Sprague Dawley rats induced by an atherogenic diet Riswati, Harnanik Puji; Rohman, Mohammad Saifur; Cholid Tri Tjahjono
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.10

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rat models, typically induced by high-fat or high-fructose diets, mirrors human features such as central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. These metabolic disturbances create a pro-inflammatory, oxidative environment that actively drives vascular calcification through osteogenic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Diet-induced obesity models have shown that high-fat diets can trigger and accelerate aortic calcification in vivo. Objective: This study aimed to determine whether MetS promotes vascular calcification and alters aortic CAMLG mRNA expression in rats, and to evaluate the effects of green tea/coffee extract, metformin, and empagliflozin on CAMLG modulation. Methods: Twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: negative control, MetS (high-fat/high-sucrose diet plus streptozotocin), and three treatment groups (green tea/coffee extract, metformin 500 mg/kg, empagliflozin 30 mg/kg). After nine weeks, aortic calcification was assessed via hematoxylin-eosin staining, and CAMLG mRNA expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc tests. Result: MetS induction promoted vascular calcification. CAMLG mRNA expression was higher in the MetS group compared to controls, though not statistically significant. All treatments modestly reduced CAMLG levels, but differences were not significant (p = 0.051), possibly due to multifactorial influences. Conclusion: MetS may tend to vascular tissues for calcification altering CAMLG mRNA expression. Therapies targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, or glucose metabolism could potentially modulate CAMLG-related pathways, warranting further exploration of underlying mechanisms.
The role of cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure: A review from an evidence-based approach Irmansyah, Yos Akbar; Widi, Vina Sari Nugrahaning; Martiana, Astri Kurniati
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.6

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a complex global health challenge caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality. Pharmacological medication remains a cornerstone of its management, but most patients continue to experience limited exercise capacity, which leads to decreased quality of life. Those limitations have led to the emergence of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as a crucial part of HF management. It is a non-pharmacological, multidisciplinary approach to heart failure that aims to improve a patient’s functional capacity, reduce the risk of hospitalization, and improve long-term survival. Cardiac rehabilitation integrates structured exercise training, lifestyle modifications, and psychosocial support, customized to meet each individual’s needs. Studies demonstrate that exercise capacity, muscle strength, and respiratory efficiency are enhanced with aerobic exercise, resistance training, and inspiratory muscle training. Despite the proven efficacy, there is a significant underutilization of cardiac rehabilitation due to limited availability, low awareness, and patient adherence to the programs. This review article synthesizes evidence from PubMed, Scopus, and reference lists of relevant studies published up to July 2025 highlights the necessity of integrating CR into standard heart failure management and focusing on individualized rehabilitation programs. Enhancing the availability of CR programs could significantly alleviate the burden of HF, improve outcomes, and reduce healthcare expenses associated with frequent hospitalizations. Future research should prioritize a multidisciplinary team approach and patient education to align evidence-based recommendations with practical application.
Optimal medical therapy as a foundational strategy in simultaneous cardiocerebral infarction: A case series Utama, Riawati; Suryono, Suryono; Candra Dewi, Yulia
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.19

Abstract

Background: Cardiocerebral infarction (CCI), the simultaneous onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), is a rare but fatal condition. Management is challenging due to a serious therapeutic dilemma: common reperfusion techniques for the heart and brain pose significant risks to other organ systems. This clinical contradiction, along with the high mortality rate, demonstrates how crucial it is to find a good way to deal with this situation. Case Illustration: This report describes two male patients, aged 69 and 66, who experienced concomitant ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The first patient was treated conservatively with complete optimal medical care (OMT) after the family declined primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The second patient, whose hemodynamics were stable, underwent PCI in addition to the same OMT treatment. Fibrinolytic treatment is not an option in any case. The OMT plan requires two antiplatelet medications, a statin, a beta-blocker, an anticoagulant, and a nitrate. Conclusions: Although the two patients underwent different types of treatment, both were discharged after seven days in the hospital in stable condition. These results demonstrate that a well-executed OMT regimen can serve as an important and fundamental approach that can provide beneficial short-term outcomes in CCI. OMT can serve as a stabilizing bridge to intervention or, in some cases, as an adequate final treatment.

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