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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 401 Documents
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Kekayaan Jenis Ikan Elasmobranchii di TPI Bajomulyo Kabupaten Pati dan Status Konservasinya Ning Setiati; Khoirinida Suftiyani Putri
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 4 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.4.3479

Abstract

Tingkat kekayaan jenis biota laut di Indonesia sangat beragam baik dari jenis ikan bertulang sejati maupun ikan bertulang rawan (Elasmobranchii). Ikan Elasmobranchii saat ini sedang menghadapi masalah tingginya laju kepunahan akibat penangkapan berlebih (overfishing). Berdasarkan IUCN red list terdapat 1 jenis hiu masuk ke dalam status Kritis Punah (Critically Endangered), 5 spesies berstatus Terancam Punah (Endangered), 23 Rentan (Vulnarable), sedangkan 35 spesies lainnya pada status hampir terancam (Near Threatened) di Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan jenis serta status konservasi ikan Elasmobranchii yang didaratkan di TPI Bajomulyo. Metode penelitian menggunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai bulan April 2020. Penentuan jenis dianalisis secara deskriptif eksploratif berdasarkan hasil identifikasi ciri-ciri yang diamati. Terdapat 11 spesies ikan Elasmobranchii yang ditemukan selama proses penelitian. Spesies tersebut antara lain Carcharhinus sealei, Chiloscyllium punctatum, Dasyatis kuhlii, Himantura gerrardi, Himantura undulata, Himantura jenkinsii, Pastinachus sephen, Taeniura meyeni, Gymnura poecilura, Rhynchobatus australiae, dan Rhina ancylostoma. Penentuan status konservasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), PP Nomor 8 Tahun 1999, UU Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 dan Peraturan Menteri LHK Nomor P.106 Tahun 2018.
Optimasi Konsentrasi Glukosa dan Waktu Inkubasi Terhadap Bobot β-Glukan Jamur Schizophyllum commune Tri Rahayu Apriyani; Nuraeni Ekowati; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 4 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.4.4601

Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the interaction between glucose concentration and incubation time on the growth of fungi S. commune and also the weight of β-glucan was used to determine the best glucose concentration and incubation time for the growth of fungi S. commune and β-glucan production. The research was conducted by experimental method of completely randomized factorial design (CRD factorial) with two factors carried out in three repetitions. The treatments provided included variations in glucose concentration (G) with three levels, namely 10 g/L (G1), 20 g/L (G2), and 30 g/L (G3), and variations in incubation time (W) with three levels, namely incubation time of 20 days (I1). , incubation time of 25 days (I2), and incubation time of 30 days (I3). Variables which used in this research independent and dependent variables. The independent variables were glucose concentration and incubation time, while the dependent variables were fungal mycelium growth and β-glucan production. The main parameter observed was β-glucan weight. The supporting parameters were dry biomass weight and the final pH medium. Data analysis was performed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% accuracy levels, followed by Duncan's test (Ducan Multiple Range Test). The results showed that glucose concentration and incubation time were significantly affected to the growth and production of β-glucan fungus S. commune. Glucose concentration of 30 g/L and incubation time of 25 days was the optimum glucose concentration and incubation time for the growth of S. commune fungus, and also glucose concentration of 30 g/L and incubation time of 25 days was the optimum glucose concentration and incubation time for β-glucan production of S. commune.
Uji Viabilitas Polen Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) pada berbagai Lama Penyimpanan Hastya Tri Andini; Muachiroh Abbas; Kamsinah kamsinah
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4595

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) is one of the most important grain-producing crops after rice, wheat, millet and barley. Pollen is a male gametophyte produced by seed plants. Pollen can be used for plant identification because it has a distinctive structure and ornamentation, besides that it can also be used as a plant breeding agent as a contributor to male parental characters. The character of pollen as parental male is very important in plant breeding. One way to know the quality of pollen is to look at its viability. Pollen viability can be tested by staining method or by germination method. Pollen viability is known to be lost over a certain period of time. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storage time on viability of soybean pollen, and to determine the best storage period with the highest viability of soybean pollen. This research was conducted experimentally with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely P0, Control. P1, 7 days of storage. P2, 14 days of storage. P3, 21 days of storage. The independent variable is variation in storage time while the dependent variable is pollen viability. The parameters observed were the number of stained pollen, germination capacity, and the length of the germinating pollen tube as evidence that the pollen was viable. The research data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with an error rate of 5%, then continued with the BNT test with an error rate of 5%. The results showed that the provision of storage time treatment on soybean pollen had an effect on pollen viability, namely by reducing pollen viability. The best shelf life to get the highest pollen viability in soybean pollen is 0 to 7 days after the sample is taken.
Biodegradasi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Menggunakan Isolat Fungi Indigenous Asal Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Gunung Tugel, Kabupaten Banyumas Jimmy Al Fa'is; Ratna Stia Dewi; Ajeng Arum Sari
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 4 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.4.4605

Abstract

The use of plastic in Indonesia, especially as packaging, is very popular among the public, because it is practical and has many uses. Plastic consumption in 2020 even reached 67.8 million tons per day. Therefore, one way to overcome this problem is to use and produce biodegradable plastics or bioplastics. Biodegradation of bioplastics can be done with fungi. The potential place to find bioplastic degrading fungi is the Gunung Tugel Ex-Final Disposal Site (TPA). Considering the fact that bioplastiks have a fairly good level of degradation, in this study a starch-based biodegradation test will be carried out using isolats of indigenous fungi originating from Ex-TPA Gunung Tugel using the method of calculating the weight loss of bioplastics (weight loss). This study aims to obtain starch-based bioplastic degrading fungi isolats from Ex-TPA Gunung Tugel, Banyumas Regency and determine the highest biodegradability ability of starch-based bioplastics by fungal isolats from Ex-TPA Gunung Tugel, Banyumas Regency. The results showed that isolats of indigenous fungi that had the potential to degrade starch-based bioplastics from Ex-TPA Gunung Tugel, Banyumas Regency were obtained from the genus Aspergillus (GT2 isolate) and Penicillium (GT1, GT3, GT4, GT5, and GT6) isolate. The highest biodegradability of starch-based bioplastics was found by fungi from the genus Aspergillus, namely isolate GT2 with a weight loss of 21.84%. The biodegradation occurs due to the activity of endoamylase, exoamylase, and glucanase enzymes produced by fungi. The observation of the texture of the bioplastic resulted in a significant change in color, namely from the white bioplastic sheet to brownish. These observations also showed the attachment of fungal mycelium on the surface of the bioplastik accompanied by a hollow and uneven surface of the bioplastikc. Keywords : Biodegradation, Starch-based bioplastik, Indigenous Fungi, TPA.
Distribusi dan Sex Ratio Udang Macrobrachium pilimanus pada Sungai Mengaji di Banyumas Prodhiana Prodhiana; Moh. Husein Sastranegara; Elly Tuti Winarni
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4578

Abstract

The one forms of freshwater ecosystems which is the habitat of various organisms is rivers. The Mengaji River is a river that springs from the southern slopes of Mount Slamet. Rivers always experience changes in physical, chemical, and biological factors. The decline in river water quality greatly affects the distribution and sex ratio of Macrobrachium pilimanus in the Mengaji River. This research aims to determine the distribution and sex ratio of M. pilimanus shrimp in the Mengaji River. The research was conducted using a survey method for determining stations and purposive random sampling for sampling. The samples obtained were then identified and measured using the morphometric method. Research was conducted between June-August 2020. Shrimp distribution data were analyzed using the "F" test with SPSS 2016, while the sex ratio of shrimp was analyzed using the sex ratio formula from the Kao and Liu method. The results of this study found that the distribution of M. pilimanus shrimp in the Mengaji River, Banyumas, was not evenly distributed between stations. The highest distribution was found at Station IV, while the highest female shrimp was found at Station II. The sex ratio of M. pilimanus shrimp in the Mengaji River Banyumas was not balanced and was dominated by females. The sex ratio was found to be the highest at Station II.
Pengaruh pH dan Waktu Inkubasi Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi β-Glukan Schizophyllum commune Amalia Sofia Maharani; Nuraeni Ekowati; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4594

Abstract

The main purpose of this study are to determine the optimum value of pH and incubation time on S. commune's growth, and also the optimum value of pH and incubation time on β-glucan production of S. commune. The research was conducted by experimental method of completely randomized factorial design (CRD factorial) with two factors carried out in three repetitions. The treatments provided included variations in pH (P) with three levels, namely pH 5 (P1), pH 6 (P2), and pH 7 (P3), and variations in incubation time (W) with three levels, namely incubation time of 20 days (W1). , incubation time of 25 days (W2), and incubation time of 30 days (W3). Variables which used in this research independent and dependent variables. The independent variables were pH and incubation time, while the dependent variables were fungal mycelium growth and β-glucan production. The main parameter observed was β-glucan weight. The supporting parameters were dry biomass weight and the final pH medium. Data analysis was performed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% accuracy levels, followed by Duncan's test (Ducan Multiple Range Test). The results showed that pH and incubation time were significantly affected to the growth and production of β-glucan fungus S. commune. The value of pH 6 and incubation time of 25 days was the optimum pH and incubation time for the growth of S. commune fungus, and also pH 5 and incubation time of 25 days was the optimum pH and incubation time for β-glucan production of S. commune.
Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Umbi Kembang Sungsang (Gloriosa superba L.) Pada Pembentukan Planlet Pisang (Musa paradisiaca L.) Kultivar Kepok Kunig Secara In Vitro Julaiha Wahyu; Eti Ernawiati; Tundjung Tripeni Handayani; Sri Wahyuningsih
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 4 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.4.4377

Abstract

The world community, including Indonesia much like bananas because it has a relatively low price and good nutritional content. Banana kepok is a type of banana favored by the public because it tastes good and sweet. However, the obstacle that is often faced in kepok bananas is the difficulty in providing quality banana seeds quickly. Therefore, alternative technology is needed through tissue culture techniques. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding breech flower tuber extract in culture media on the formation of banana plantlets of yellow kepok cultivar and to obtain scientific information about the growth profile of yellow kepok plantlets due to the addition of breech flower tuber extract to culture media. This research was conducted at the MTC Laboratory, PT. Great Giant Pineapple PG 4 Labuhan Ratu, East Lampung from December 2019 - April 2020 using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ten replications consisting of the addition of 10% breech flower tuber extract as the primary treatment, 0.1% pure colchicine as a positive control, and without addition as a negative control. The results showed that the addition of 10% breech flower tuber extract in the culture media caused the growth of yellow kepok banana plantlets to be slower than the addition of 0.1% colchicine. Then in the media, with the addition of 10% breech flower tuber extract, the number of shoots, shoot height, number of better root and leaf area than the media without expansion, but 0.1% colchicine still showed the best results.
Induksi Kalus Nepenthes mirabilis(Lour.) Druce Menggunakan NAA danTDZ Nina Nurussakinah; Murni Dwiati; Iman Budisantoso
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4242

Abstract

Nepenthes sp. has a characteristic in the form of a modified leaf tip into a pitcher. Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour.) Druce in its original habitat is widely hunted for sale. Propagation of N. mirabilis in nature has very little success rate, to overcome this it is necessary to propagate it by means of in vitro culture and use young leaf explants to form callus. Growth regulators such as Auxins (NAA) and Cytokinins (TDZ) can stimulate callus growth. Auxins can stimulate callus formation by stimulating cell expansion and cytokinins can stimulate the cell division process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of NAA and TDZ in inducing N. mirabilis callus and to determine the interaction between NAA and TDZ in inducing N. mirabilis callus. The experimental design used was a factorial CRD pattern, with two factors, namely NAA and TDZ. NAA consists of four levels, namely, 0 mg / L (N0); 0.5 mg / L (N1), 1 mg / L (N2) and 1.5 mg / L (N3). TDZ also consists of four levels, namely 0 mg / L (T0); 1 mg / L (T1); 2 mg / L (T2) and 3 mg / L (T3). Each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that the addition of NAA and TDZ had an effect on callus induction of N. mirabilis. The TDZ concentration of 1 mg / L (T1) stimulated callus induction, especially the percentage of callus formation and callus diameter. Meanwhile, NAA 1 mg / L (N2) boosted the percentage of N. mirabilis callus formation.
Histopatologi Hepar Mencit (Mus musculus) Jantan yang Diberi Air Rebusan Plastik terhadap Antioksidan Alami Nuridha Audinia Safitri; Atang Atang; Eko Setio Wibowo
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4606

Abstract

Plastic in Indonesian daily life cannot be avoided anymore. Materials for the manufacture of plastic can cause free radicals to the body, thus affecting the immune system. These materials are including phthalates and bisphenol-A (BPA), which commonly called as plasticizers. Free radicals in the body can be inhibited with antioxidants. Antioxidants can be obtained from endogenous (inside the body) and exogenous (outside the body). The purpose of this study was to determine the damage level of liver histopathological structure as the result of plastic boiled water induction towards natural antioxidants feeding on male mice (Mus musculus). This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of six treatments and five replications for 21 days. The treatments included two control groups and four other groups treated with plastic boiled water and natural antioxidants. The independent variable is natural antioxidants and the dependent variable is the liver histopathology of male mice. The qualitative parameters observed were the liver histopathological structure of male mice is in the state of inflammatory cell infiltration, degeneration, and necrosis. The research data is an overview of the liver histopathological structure of male mice. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis method. Oral induction of boiled-plastic water can affect the changes of liver histological structure. Natural antioxidants given in male mice can maintain the tissue structure as the result of boiled-plastic water induction. The results showed the damage level of male mice liver histopathological structure as reversible degeneration.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Fisiologis Bayam (Amaranthus tricolor) yang Dipapar Timbal pada Sistem Hidroponik Sumbu Eka Fitriani Yuspiah; Yeni Rahayu; Miftahuddin Miftahuddin
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 4 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.4.4767

Abstract

Abstract Green amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) is a popular vegetable in Indonesia as a source of vitamins and minerals. However, this plant is susceptible to the contamination of heavy metals such as lead. This study aimed to analyze the growth responses and morphophysiological of A. tricolor in response to the application of lead in the forms of (Pb(NO3)2 using a wick hydroponic system. This study used a single factor randomized design with four treatments of lead level, i.e. 0 ppm, 1 ppm, 3 ppm, and 5 ppm, repeated 2 times. Data were analyzed by analysis of one-way ANOVA and post hoc test by Duncan in P-value 5%. The growth responses were observed by measuring the plant height, the number of leaves, leaf color, shoot and roots fresh weight, also its dry weight. Whereas, the physiological responses were observed by analyzing the plant chlorophyll levels. The results obtained that the applications of (Pb(NO3)2 decreased plant height, leaf number, fresh weight of shoot and roots, dry weight of shoot and roots, also the chlorophyll levels. These lead treatments were affecting root loss, changed the color of leaves to become yellowish-green, and showing yellow-spotted close to the midrib. Analysis of lead uptake in stems and leaves showed that the absorption value increased along with the applications of (Pb(NO3)2 in the treatment. The treatment of 5 ppm of (Pb(NO3)2 showed the lowest result on all parameters. Key Words : Amaranthus tricolor, Wick Hydroponic System, The Leads, Metal Pollution.

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