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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 379 Documents
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Pengaruh Cercospora sp. terhadap Kandungan Asam Askorbat pada MekanismePatogenisitas Bercak Daun Tanaman Cabai : Kajian secara In vitro dan In planta Nasriyatun Yuliawati; Aris Mumpuni; Juni Safitri Muljowati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (270.143 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1896

Abstract

Red chili is a vegetable commodity that has high economic value in Indonesia. Leaf spot disease caused by the fungus Cercospora sp. is one of the limiting factors in red chili production. The occurrence of leaf spot disease is determined by the success of the pathogenesis by the fungus Cercospora sp. In addition, red chilies that are resistant to leaf spot disease have higher ascorbic acid content than vulnerable red chilies. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability to grow pathogens Cercospora sp. on the medium which was given ascorbic acid and know the effect of inoculation of the pathogen Cercospora sp. against ascorbic acid content in red chili leaves (C. annuum L.). This study used an experimental design with a completely randomized design (CRD). In vitro tests carried out consisted of PDA and PDB medium which were given ascorbic acid with a concentration of 0 mg.l-1, 0,25 mg.l-1, 0,5 mg.l-1, 0,75 mg.l-1 and 1,0 mg.l-1. In planta testing was using hot chili red chili varieties, large red chili varieties and curly red chili varieties. The treatments that were tested included calculation of disease intensity and ascorbic acid content in red chili leaves. In vitro test the main parameters observed were the diameter colony of the fungus Cercospora sp. dan mycelium dry weight. In planta test the main parameters observed were the intensity of the disease, while the supporting parameters were the incubation period of the disease, the content of ascorbic acid in the red chili leaves, temperature and humidity. In vitro test data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level, then the treatment that gave a real or very real difference was followed by the Least Significant Difference test (LSD). In planta test data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level, then the treatment that gave a real or very real difference was followed by the Least Significant Difference test (LSD). The results showed that the pathogen Cercospora sp. able to grow well on the PDA medium and GDP medium which were given ascorbic acid. Inoculation of pathogen Cercospora sp. can increase ascorbic acid content in red chili leaves.
Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from Ipomoea sp. Rhizospheres Growing in Iron Sand Soil niharoh nurainy; Oedjijono Oedjijono; Ardhini Rin Maharning
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (587.803 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1845

Abstract

Iron sand field, is mostly found along the Indonesia coast. It has low organic matter, contains 38-59% iron (Fe) and sand particles. These characteristics can be called as extreme environments, however there are bacteria capable of growing and surviving in such habitats. Several genera are known as PGPR agents such as Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Pseudomonas. The research objectives were to measure total population of bacteria from rhizosphere of Ipomoea sp. in iron sand soils, to investigate the ability of bacterial isolates capable of fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphate, and producing plant growth hormone such as IAA, and to identify plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from plant rhizospheres candidates growing in iron sand soils. Isolation on NA medium showed that the population were ranged from 1.59 x 105 to 5.2 x 105 CFU.g-1. There were 22 bacterial isolates originated from the media of Ashby, Caceres, and Pikovskaya. Six isolates (A4, A10, C10, P2, P3, and P4) showed high ability to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce IAA. Isolate P4 grew in nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing assay as well as IAA producing. It showed high value of phosphate index (275 mm). Bacterial identification indicated that four isolates (C10, P2, P3, P4) were species members of genus Bacillus and two isolates (A4, A10) were identified as species members of Actinomycetes.
Deteksi Molekuler Virus Chikungunya pada Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Menggunakan Metode Two Step RT PCR Alvira Rifdah Sativa; Endang Srimurni Kusmintarsih; Trisnowati Budi Ambarningrum
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (301.752 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1834

Abstract

The Chikungunya fever is a disease caused by an Alphavirus from the family Togaviridae with the symptoms of a patient's posture that is bent over by severe joint pain (arthalgia). Chikungunya disease can be transmitted to humans through an Aedes aegypti as a vector. The outbreak of Chikungunya in Indonesia was first reported in 1973 in Samarinda and then spread to various other regions. Surveillance data show almost every year of the outbreak occurred in various regions in Indonesia. In 2013 there was the outbreak of Chikungunya in North Purwokerto, especially in Bancarkembar and Grendeng.Until now, the medicine or vaccine has not been found to prevent Chikungunya disease. The purpose of this research is to know the infection of virus Chikungunya on Ae. aegypti. This research was conducted by surveying methods with sampling techniques using purposive sampling The observed parameter is th positivity of virus Chikungunya. Analysis data by observing the appearance of DNA band on UV Transilluminator. The results that the amplikon cDNA CHIKV is not detected by the two step RT-PCR method. Key Words : Aedes aegypti, Chikungunya, DNA, Vector
Identifikasi Serotipe dan Sensitivitas Antibiotik S. pneumoniae yang Dibawa Nasofaring Penderita Oma di Kabupaten Banyumas Miranti Oviani; Daniel Joko Wahyono; Dodi Safari
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (365.118 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1779

Abstract

The aims of this study are to detect S. pneumoniae carried by nasopharnyx of children in primary school (aged 6-12 years) that diagnosed with AOM, to identify sensitivity of S. pneumoniae to antibiotics. The design of this study is nonexperimental survey with the descriptive analysis. Sampling was conducted in September - December 2018 in Banyumas district primary schools. Detection of S. pneumoniae was performed with microbiology methods. Meanwhile, serotype was determined by multiplex PCR and sensitivity to antibiotics was deduced using disc diffusion. The result of this study showed that carriage rate of S. pneumoniae carried by nasopharynx in children aged over 5 years that diagnosed with AOM in the Banyumas district was 35%. Serotype of S. pneumoniae obtainend from this study were 6A/6B, 6C/6D, 17F, 3, 13, 14, 23B, and untypeable. In addition, isolates of S. pneumoniae were highly susceptible to clindamycin (100%), erythromycin (100%), sulphametaxazole/trimethoprim (100%), chloramphenicol (88%), oxacillin (77%), and tetracycline (66%).
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN KUPU-KUPU (LEPIDOPTERA : RHOPALOCERA) DI CAGAR ALAM BANTARBOLANG, JAWA TENGAH Ulfah Nuraini; Imam Widhiono; Edy Riwidiharso
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.128 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1756

Abstract

Kupu-kupu adalah serangga yang termasuk dalam Ordo Lepidoptera, artinya serangga yang hampir seluruh permukaan tubuhnya tertutupi oleh lembaran-lembaran sisik yang memberi corak dan warna sayap kupu-kupu. Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan kupu-kupu di pengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti intensitas cahaya matahari, temperatur, dan kelembapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Jawa Tengah. Data yang di dapat di analisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, indeks kemerataan Shannon-Evenners, dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 359 individu dalam 6 familia. Keanekaragaman tertinggi yaitu pada jarak 0 m (H’ = 2.760; E: 0,752). Kelimpahan tertinggi pada jarak 0 m dengan jumlah individu sebanyak 192. Keanekaragaman tertinggi pada jarak 0 m di tepi hutan, sedangkan keragaman terrendah pada jarak 150 m di dalam hutan. Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu didominasi oleh H. glaucippe dari famili Piridae sebanyak 64 individu. Faktor lingkungan yang paling mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu adalah intensitas cahaya matahari. Kata kunci: Kupu-kupu, Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, Cagar Alam Bantarbolang
Karakteristik Morfologi Polen Sebagai Sumber Pakan Lebah Trigona sp. di Desa Serang Purbalingga Salma Fauzia; Sukarsa Sukarsa; Wiwik Herawati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (397.17 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1809

Abstract

Wilayah dataran tinggi memilikiBerpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan perkebunan, pertanian, dan mendukung perkembangan beberapa jenis lebah penghasil madu diantaranya adalah Trigona sp. Kelimpahan sumber pakan yang tinggi dapat meningkatkan produksi madu lebah Trigona. Polen merupakan sumber protein, sedangkan nektar berperan sebagai sumber karbohidrat dalam pakan Trigona. Keragaman jenis pakan Trigona dapat diidentifikasi dari karakter morfologi polen yang dibawa oleh lebah ke dalam sarang serta dibandingkan dengan karakter morfologi polen pada beberapa bunga di sekitar sarang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui struktur morfologi polen dari bunga yang ada di sekitar sarang dan polen yang ada di sarang lebah Trigona. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, terletak di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei, sampel polen diambil dari bunga yang ada di sekitar sarang dan yang ada di dalam sarang, sampel dipreparasi dengan menggunakan metode asetolisis. Variabel yang digunakan adalah karakter morfologi polen dengan parameter berupa: unit, bentuk, ukuran, apertura, dan ornamentasi polen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 17 familia yang tercakup dalam 23 spesies tumbuhan yang ada di sekitar sarang lebah Trigona sp. didapatkan hasil karakter morfologi yang bervariasi. Unit polen monad, bentuk polen spheroidal sampai prolate, ukuran kecil sampai besar, apertura monosulcate, monoporate, triporate, tricolpate, tricolporate, tetracolpate dan hexacolpate serta ornamentasi clavate, scabrate, reticulate, bireticulate, baculate, psilate, echinatedan scabrate. Pengamatan polen di dalam sarang menunjukkan adanya 11 spesies polen yang dapat diamati dan 10 diantaranya identik dengan polen dari bunga di sekitar sarang. Seluruh polen yang diamati memiliki unit polen monad sedangkan karakter lainnya bervariasi dari bentuk polen spheroidal sampai prolate, ukuran kecil sampai besar, apertura monosulcate, monoporate, tricolporate, dan tricolpate serta ornamentasi scabrate, reticulate, psilate, scabrate dan echinate. Kata kunci: Bunga, Karakter Morfologi, Polen,Trigona sp.
MORFOLOGI GUILD IKAN DI WADUK PENJALIN Asti Aulia Puspasari; Windiariani Lestari; Nuning Setyaningrum
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (383.515 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1773

Abstract

Waduk Penjalin adalah habitat untuk beragam biota air salahsatunya ikan. Studi tentang komunitas terutama ikan dapat dilakukan secara fungsional yaitu digambarkan dengan pemanfaatan sumber makanan dalam cara dan waktu yang sama disebut dengan guild. Cara makan atau kebiasaan makan ikan mengakibatkan perbedaan struktur anatomi dan morfologi spesies. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tipe guild ikan di Waduk Penjalin. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei dan teknik purposive random sampling pada 5 stasiun di Waduk Penjalin. Variabel yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu guild. Parameter yang diamati yaitu posisi mulut, tipe gigi, tipe tapis insang, panjang tubuh dan panjang usus, serta rasio antar panjang tubuh dan usus. Data guild dianalisis secara deskriptif. Ikan yang tertangkap sebanyak 11 spesies. Guild dalam komunitas ikan di Waduk Penjalin didominasi oleh ikan Karnivora (5 spesies).
Kekayaan Spesies dan Tingkat Trofik Komunitas Ikan yang Tertangkap di Waduk Penjalin Dzakiyyah Atikah; Nuning Setyaningrum; Carmudi Carmudi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (159.329 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1791

Abstract

Waduk Penjalin yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Brebes merupakan danau buatan yang untuk pariwisata ataupun perikanan tangkap. Hasil dari perikanan tangkap di Waduk Penjalin cukup bervariasi tidak hanya pada satu jenis ikan, namun beberapa jenis juga dapat diperoleh. Beberapa jenis ikan tersebut merupakan jenis ikan yang habitat awalnya di sungai, lalu membentuk komunitas di waduk karena pembendungan aliran sungai. Perubahan habitat ikan-ikan tersebut mempengaruhi tingkat pemanfaatakan pakan ikan di suatu ekosistem (tingkat trofik), sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kekayaan spesies ikan yang tertangkap di Waduk Penjalin, serta mengetahui tingkat trofik komunitas ikan yang tertangkap di Waduk Penjalin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan 5 stasiun pengambilan sampel. Hasil data jenis ikan akan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dilakukan analisis perhitungan tingkat trofik dari data jenis pakan yang ditemukan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 11 spesies ikan di Waduk Penjalin, yaitu ikan betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata), nila gift (Oreochromis sp.), nila hitam (Oreochromis niloticus), manila (Parachromis managuensis), nilem (Osteochilus vittatus), tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus), mas (Cyprinus carpio), lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus), lele lokal (Clarias batrachus), uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus), dan julung-julung (Dermogenys pusilla). Ikan pada tingkat trofik tertinggi adalah betutu dan lele dumbo, pada tingkat trofik sedang adalah manila, tawes dan lele lokal, serta tingkat trofik terendah adalah nila gift, nila hitam, nilem, dan mas. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 11 spesies ikan di Waduk penjalin, yaitu 2 spesies merupakan ikan karnivora, 3 spesies ikan omnivora cenderung karnivora, dan 4 spesies termasuk ikan omnivora cenderung herbivora.
Identification and Collection of Macro Fungi (Basidiomycota: Agaricales) From Baturraden Botanical Garden, Banyumas Dhea Rifa Rahmah Edyawati; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Atik Retnowati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 1 No 2 (2019): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (195.417 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1765

Abstract

Agaricales is a group of macrofungi which comprises of many edible and poisonous members. Agaricales is characterized by having a fruiting body that is fleshy in some species and few species are not fleshy, lamellae, and stipe. The group usually grows well in quite moist areas and it cannot be found in dry conditions. The Indonesian Agaricales has not been intensively studied and there is still very few information on its diversity. While in fact, the diversity of Indonesian Agaricales is high due suitable environment and humidity for these fungi to grow. However, there are only a few species that have been identified. Under the circumstances above, this research is aimed to identify the Indonesian Agaricales, particularly from Baturraden Botanical Garden, Banyumas, Central Java and to collect the specimens as dry herbarium. The research involved collection, description, identification, preservation, and documentation of specimens, and the method used a survey with purposive random sampling. The collected Agaricales were identified by using both macromorphological and micromorphological characters. The macromorphological characters as shape, size, color, margin, surface, the flesh of the pileus, lamellae, and stipe were examined. The micromorphological characters as spores and the basidium were examined. Nine specimens had been collected in Baturraden Botanical Garden and were identified to 6 genera that belong to 4 families and 2 unidentified species, namely Hydropus sp., Mycena sp., Panellus sp., Psathyrella sp., Simocybe sp., DRRE 002, DRRE 010.
Decolorization Of Indigosol Blue Dye Using Trametes versicolor F200 and Aspergillus sp Sunu Pertiwi; Ratna Stia Dewi; Ajeng Arum Sari
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.848 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1835

Abstract

The dyeing process of batik eventually produces much of wastewater. The difficult degradation and the dangers posed within the synthetic dyes are the main concerns in finding efficient wastewater treatment. Biological treatment has been known to be an effective technique of reducing or eliminating color intensity in wastewater. Fungi is one organism that can decompose many environmental pollutants. The aims of this research were to determine the ability of fungal isolates in decolorizing the synthetic dyes and analyzed which treatment has the highest decolorization percentage. Fungal isolates of Trametes versicolor F200 and Aspergillus sp. were used as a biological agent to decolorize of Indigosol Blue dye. The decolorization percentage was analyzed by spectrophotometer method. The result showed that T. versicolor F200 and Aspergillus sp. able to decolorize Indigosol Blue dye. The decolorization treatment of Indigosol Blue dyes using T. versicolor F200 showed the highest decolorization percentage reaching 97.21%.

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