ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak
Elfalaky adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan/Program studi Ilmu Falak Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Alauddin Makassar yang merefleksikan diri sebagai wadah akademik untuk publikasi artikel ilmiah. Jurnal ini memfokuskan pada kajian/studi Ilmu Falak yang mengintegrasikan agama dan sain dalam berbagai aspeknya yang diharapkan dapat memberi referensi bagi pembaca/akademika dalam pengembangan wawasan akademik dan keilmuan diantaranya penentuan arah kiblat, awal waktu shalat, penentuan awal bulan kamariah, dan gerhana matahari atau bulan.
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<![CDATA[INTERPRETASI KONTEKSTUAL DALAM MEMAHAMI HADIS PENETAPAN AWAL BULAN QAMARIAH ]]>
<![CDATA[as-Siddiq, Hasbi]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniati]]>;
<![CDATA[Marilang]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.48844
<![CDATA[The purpose of writing this journal is to explain how contextual interpretation in understanding the hadith of determining the beginning of the Qamariah month. The absence of clear evidence that details the time limits, age or duration of a month, often causes differences in the implementation of the beginning of the fast of Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, Arafah fasting and Eid al-Adha in Indonesia. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research with a library research method, namely research by collecting data from books, journals, and other data that are related to the discussion theme. The results of this study are the use of contextual interpretation methods in understanding the evidence in the present day needs to be massively implemented by considering the context that surrounds or is related to the text, both in terms of history and socio-cultural aspects, then connected to the current context through a holistic, multidisciplinary approach, ushul fiqh or an approach related to contemporary science. As for efforts to contextualize the understanding of the hadiths regarding the determination of the beginning of the lunar month, it is necessary to pay attention to the context of the past (the time of the Prophet Muhammad) and the current context.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Pengambilan Data Ephemeris Berdasarkan Zona Waktu Terhadap Perhitungan Awal Waktu Salat ]]>
<![CDATA[Azkarrula, Youla]]>;
<![CDATA[Azkarrula, Najzwa Hanifah]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.51969
<![CDATA[Five-time praying is valid if someone do the action when it has entered its time. The determination of prayer times need data from Ephemeris which is based on the sun’s motion. Here, the calculation needs sun’s declination and equation of time. Then how if someone do an error in taking Ephemeris data to calculate the time prayer. Should it affect the result. This research also examines how was the effect of prayer time using the taqribi sun’s motion in old books or kitab falak kuno. This article is library research using qualitative data presentation method. This research departs from the question that whether the difference in time zones will essentially affect the results of the calculation of the beginning of prayer time. The focus of this research is implied in whole globe of Earth by choosing four loci from China. This is due to the large area of China but using one type of time zone. From the calculation, the result is the ephemeris data retrieval errors in this calculation do not have a significant impact. There are three reasons why it is not that significant. First, when the Ephemeris data is calculated with trigonometric variables, it will produce smaller data than before. Second, Muslim only need the hour and minute not until the second. Third, there is an addition time to prayer times called ihtiyat or prudence.]]>
<![CDATA[KRITIK TERHADAP PENDAPAT IMAM ABU HANIFAH MENGENAI SYAFAQ ABYAD SEBAGAI PENANDA AWAL WAKTU SALAT ISYA ]]>
<![CDATA[Al Anshary, Ahmad Fuad]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.53869
<![CDATA[This study discusses the initial debate on the time of Isha prayer among scholars, which mainly involves differences of opinion between Imam Malik, Imam Syafi'i, and Imam Abu Hanifah. Imam Malik and Imam Syafi'i agreed that the time of Isha prayer begins with the disappearance of the red light (ash-Syafaq al-Ahmar) after sunset, while Imam Abu Hanifah argued that the time is marked by the disappearance of the white light (syafaq abyad). This difference arises from various interpretations of the word "syafaq" in Arabic which has multiple meanings. This study examines the social, cultural, and scientific contexts during the time of Imam Hanafi and the influence of the development of astronomy on determining prayer times. This article also analyzes the influence of geographical and climatic factors, showing that syafaq abyad is easier to observe in Baghdad compared to Indonesia. In Baghdad, the dry atmospheric conditions and minimal light pollution provide a sharper contrast, while in Indonesia, high humidity and light pollution make it difficult to observe the phenomenon. Furthermore, criticism of Imam Hanafi's opinion is expressed by considering a multi-disciplinary approach, including theology and astronomy, indicating the need for a more flexible and adaptive understanding in determining prayer times in various geographical contexts. The conclusion of this article shows the importance of integrating tradition with scientific advances to achieve more accurate and relevant worship practices in the modern era, reinforcing the need for open discussion among scholars, and increasing harmony in worship practices among Muslims throughout the world.]]>
<![CDATA[Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence (AI) Dalam Penentuan Arah Kiblat ]]>
<![CDATA[Hamas, Nuril Fathoni]]>;
<![CDATA[Andri, Sela Septi]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.55375
<![CDATA[Facing the Qibla is one of the prerequisites for valid prayer. The methods of determining the Qibla direction have been extensively explored, ranging from simple methods to using highly advanced technology. The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, which is currently evolving, is designed to address various issues, including the Qibla direction. One of the evolving models is Natural Language Processing (NLP), which enables computers to understand human natural language. Even when given questions about the Qibla direction of a place, AI can respond with the azimuth value according to the desired city input by the user. The aim of this paper is to examine how the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in determining the Qibla direction, and to determine the accuracy of the Qibla direction produced by Artificial Intelligence. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with an experimental approach, which is used to investigate the influence of certain treatments on others under controlled conditions. In this case, primary data sources are taken from artificial intelligence given keywords (prompts) to obtain the Qibla direction of a city. Then, the results of the Qibla direction from the artificial intelligence machine (AI) are analyzed based on fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and astronomical principles. The results of this study indicate that there is artificial intelligence that produces accurate calculations of the direction of the Qibla, namely ChatGPT, while others are still not completely accurate because the answers produced by the artificial intelligence have not applied mathematical principles in their calculations so that they cannot be relied on as a guideline in determining the direction of the Qibla. Therefore, further development is needed in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in determining the direction of the Qibla.]]>
<![CDATA[REFORMULASI ZIJ AL-SULṬĀN ULUGH BEK DALAM MENENTUKAN AWAL BULAN KAMARIAH DI INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdul Kohar]]>;
<![CDATA[Sofyan, Muhammad Saleh]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.55764
<![CDATA[Zij al-Sulṭān Ulugh Bek is a 15th century astronomical catalogue, one of the zijs used as an important reference to determine important times in the Hijri calendar for Muslims in Indonesia, such as the beginning of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr. However, despite its great historical value, Zij al-Sulṭān needs to be updated and adjusted to current conditions and developments in Astronomy. Comparison of the results of Hisab Awal Bulan Kamariah with contemporary hisab and Nurul Anwar's true hisab reveals that Zij al-Sulṭān has good accuracy, but there is a difference in the ijtimak time and the height of the crescent moon in a few minutes. Therefore, to improve accuracy, corrections and adjustments need to be made according to geographical differences, more modern astronomical calculations, and the use of sophisticated astronomical equipment and software. This study provides an alternative calculation to develop Zij al-Sulṭān to have better accuracy as a hisab for determining the beginning of the lunar month in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[KALIBRASI ARAH KIBLAT MASJID DI KECAMATAN SELUPU REJANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RASDHUL KIBLAT HARIAN ]]>
<![CDATA[kimura, Ridhokimura Soderi]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.56113
<![CDATA[This study aims to calibrate the direction of the Qibla of mosques in Selupu Rejang subdistrict and aims to determine the accuracy of the direction of the Qibla of existing mosques. This type of research uses field research, namely research conducted using data in the field, with a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis techniques, this study also uses comparative analysis. Data will be obtained using interview techniques, observation and documentation. The results of this study are first 1.) An-Nur Cawang Baru Mosque deviated by 2 degrees, 2) Istiqomah Cawang Baru Mosque deviated by 1 degree, 3) Darussalam Mosque deviated by 3 degrees, 4) Nurul Iman Mosque deviated by 2 degrees, 5) Alfitrah Kampung Baru Mosque is accurate the same as the results of the daily or local Qibla rasdhul, secondly based on interviews with several mosque administrators, on average in measuring the direction of the Qibla with a compass only and there are also mosques that use the ceramic floor line of the building towards the west in the reference direction of the Qibla.]]>
<![CDATA[I’JAZUL QUR’AN TENTANG PENCIPTAAN LANGIT DAN BUMI: TELAAH TAFSIR SURAH AL-ANBIYA AYAT 30 DAN TEORI BIG BANG ]]>
<![CDATA[Sultan, Zulfadli]]>;
<![CDATA[Abubakar, Achmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Ghany, Abdul]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.57079
<![CDATA[This paper examines the miracle (i’jaz) of the Qur'an in the context of the creation of the heavens and the earth, focusing on the interpretation of Surah Al-Anbiya Verse 30 and its relevance to the Big Bang theory. This study aims to show the harmony between the teachings of the Qur'an and modern scientific discoveries. The method used is a qualitative method with a text analysis approach and literature review, the interpretations used as references include the Tafsir Al-Azhar by Buya Hamka. The results of this study reveal that the Big Bang Theory is in line with the explanation contained in QS. al-Anbiya' [21]: 30. In this verse, it is explained that the process of the creation of the earth began with the heavens and the earth uniting, then Allah separated the two. Meanwhile, in the Big Bang theory, the creation of the universe began with an explosion that produced matter, energy, planets, and various other elements. Although there are differences in the method of delivery, both the Qur'an and the Big Bang theory provide a deep understanding of the origins of the universe.]]>
<![CDATA[A ANALISIS PERAN MUNAS TARJIH MUHAMMADIYAH KE-31 TERHADAP PENETAPAN WAKTU SALAT SUBUH DI MAKASSAR ]]>
<![CDATA[Wakia, Nurul]]>;
<![CDATA[Sabriadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Amir, Rahma]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri Aulia, Musfira Ananda]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.58067
<![CDATA[This study examines the role of the 31st Muhammadiyah Tarjih National Conference on the determination of the dawn prayer time in Makassar, where there is no uniformity in the application of the dawn time, especially related to the adjustment of the time based on the decision of the 31st Muhammadiyah Tarjih National Conference. The focus of this study is to identify the public response and the method of determining the law used by the Tarjih National Conference in determining the criteria for the dawn prayer time. This study is a field research with a qualitative descriptive type and uses a sharia and historical approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations and literature studies, then analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the determination of the initial time for the dawn prayer in Muhammadiyah mosques in Makassar follows the schedule of the Indonesian Ministry of Religion, but for dawn it refers to the decision of the 31st Muhammadiyah Tarjih National Conference with an additional 8 minutes. The public response, both from Muhammadiyah and NU, was generally positive as a form of caution. The implications of this study indicate that the lack of socialization about the change in the beginning of the dawn prayer time in society has resulted in differences among Islamic mass organizations. The community also needs to maintain unity, tolerance, and Islamic brotherhood in responding to differences in ijtihadiyah.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALISIS KAUSAL KOMPARATIF: Dekonstruksi Metode Hisab-Rukyat dalam Penentuan Awal Bulan Hijriah ]]>
<![CDATA[Raharjo, Muhammad Agung]]>;
<![CDATA[Ondeng, Syarifuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustami, Muh. Khalifah]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.58325
<![CDATA[This study examines the comparative causal analysis of the deconstruction of the hisab-rukyat method in determining the beginning of the Hijri month. The method used in this study is (library research) to integrate theories and empirical findings related to comparative causal research with a descriptive qualitative type using a phenomenological research approach. Data collected through literature studies were analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation and conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the preference for the hisab or rukyat method is not merely a matter of scientific technicality, but is influenced by the institutional history, religious authority, and ideological views of each group, such as Nahdlatul Ulama which prioritizes rukyat and Muhammadiyah which prioritizes hisab. This difference also has an impact on the social dynamics of the community, ranging from tolerance, potential conflict, to reconciliation efforts. This study emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in understanding religious practices, as well as the need for open dialogue between Islamic organizations to build understanding.]]>
<![CDATA[Dekonstruksi Ilmiah Triangulasi Bintang dalam Navigasi Mesir Kuno ]]>
<![CDATA[Syam, Muhammad Adil]]>
<![CDATA[ ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Juni ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v9i1.58528
<![CDATA[The astronomical knowledge of Ancient Egypt has long attracted scholarly attention in the study of the history of science, yet much of its interpretation remains speculative and lacks systematic analysis. The central problem addressed in this article is the ambiguity surrounding the scientific methodology used by the ancient Egyptians to determine direction and position, particularly through the system of stellar triangulation. This study aims to deconstruct the practice of stellar triangulation based on historical data and modern scientific approaches, while also evaluating the accuracy and practical function of the method in navigation and the orientation of sacred structures of the time. The novelty of this research lies in its interdisciplinary approach, combining studies in Islamic astronomy, archaeoastronomy, and the epistemology of ancient science into a unified analysis. This article addresses two main research questions: (1) how can the method of stellar triangulation be scientifically reconstructed from Ancient Egyptian sources, and (2) how accurate and functional was this system in spatial orientation. The research uses a qualitative-descriptive method, drawing from literature review, ancient text analysis, and star modeling using astronomical software. The findings show that Ancient Egypt had a systematic understanding of stellar cycles—especially Sirius and Orion’s Belt—and employed triangulation principles for temporal and spatial orientation, albeit without modern terminology. This deconstruction offers a new perspective in rationally and scientifically appreciating the cosmological sophistication of ancient civilizations.]]>
