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Muh. Rasywan Syarif
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jurnalelfalaky@uin-alauddin.ac.id
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jl. Sultan Alauddin No.63, Romangpolong, Kec. Somba Opu, Kabupaten Gowa
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INDONESIA
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
ISSN : 25497812     EISSN : 27228401     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24252/ifk.v4i1.14555
Core Subject : Religion, Science,
Religion Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences
Elfalaky adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan/Program studi Ilmu Falak Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Alauddin Makassar yang merefleksikan diri sebagai wadah akademik untuk publikasi artikel ilmiah. Jurnal ini memfokuskan pada kajian/studi Ilmu Falak yang mengintegrasikan agama dan sain dalam berbagai aspeknya yang diharapkan dapat memberi referensi bagi pembaca/akademika dalam pengembangan wawasan akademik dan keilmuan diantaranya penentuan arah kiblat, awal waktu shalat, penentuan awal bulan kamariah, dan gerhana matahari atau bulan.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 126 Documents
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RE-INTERPRETASI KEABSAHAN ARAH KIBLAT MASJID KUNO Awaludin, Muhammad
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v5i2.22949

Abstract

Qibla direction is one of the valid conditions in the implementation of prayer. Every Muslim is required to know the correct Qibla direction when going to pray. The study of the Qibla direction has branched out into three areas: Fiqh, Science, and Tradition. There is a considerable gap in the process and interpretation of the Qibla between science and tradition. Science talks about the straight line of Qibla direction between the Kaaba building and the mosque, while the tradition of the Qibla direction maintains the legacy of the scholars / guardians who have determined the Qibla direction as it is. So that these two understandings are enough to provide a clear limit on understanding the Qibla direction. Therefore, the author in this paper examines the validity of the Qibla direction of the ancient mosque/tradition if it is maintained. The results of the author's study state that fiqh seems to be the middle ground for these two camps. When we talk about the Qibla direction of science, we are actually talking about the Qibla direction in thecategory Ainul Kaaba. Meanwhile, if we talk about the direction of Qibla from the point of view of tradition, then in fact we are also talking about the fiqh of the Qibla direction in thecategory jihadul Kaaba
SHALAT DHUHUR, DHUHA, DAN SUBUH DALAM PERSPEKTIF HADIS Mufidah, Nurul Aziroh
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v5i2.24168

Abstract

Pendapat dari para imam madzhab dan pakar ilmu falak menafsirkan tentang waktu shalat khususnya waktu shalat dhuhur, dhuha dan subuh secara fiqh dan astronomi. Secara syar’i awal waktu shalat dhuhur ditandai dengan tergelincirnya matahari ke barat. Awal waktu dhuha ialah ketika Matahari telah terbit dan terasa panas. Awal waktu subuh ketika telah terbit fajar shadiq. Sedangkan secara astronomis, awal waktu dhuhur ialah ketika Matahari telah melewati titik kulminasi. Awal waktu dhuha ialah ketika tinggi matahari setinggi 1 tumbak sekitar 4˚30ʼ. Awal waktu shalat subuh ialah ketika terbitnya fajar shadiq atau fajar astronomi dimana posisi Matahari berada pada 18˚ dibawah ufuk atau jarak zenith 108˚. Ada pendapat lain yang mengatakan posisi Matahari berada pada 20˚ di bawah ufuk atau jarak zenith 110˚. Namun pada tahun 2017, Prof Uhamka Tono Saksono menyatakan pendapat tentang waktu shalat subuh di Indonesia yang menurutnya terlalu cepat 20 menit. Kemenag sebagai lembaga patokan umat islam menyangkal akan pendapat tersebut.  
POTENSI PANTAI SUMPANG BINANGAE KABUPATEN BARRU SEBAGAI TEMPAT RUKYATUL HILAL : Perspektif Meteorologi, Klimatologi, Dan Geofisika Andi Fage; Amiruddin
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v5i2.22155

Abstract

AbstrakDalam sistem penanggalan islam di bangun berdasarkan peredaran dan gerak bulan Qamariah. Penentuan awal bulan Qamariah adalah berdasarkan keberadaan hilal, Oleh karena itu, masyarakat dahulu untuk mengetahui keberadaan Hilal menggunakan metode Rukyat atau penglihatan dengan mata telanjang meskipun kadang sulit terlihat karena bentuknya yang masih begitu tipis. Namun kondisi iklim atau cuaca serta tempat sangat mempengaruhi proses pelaksanaan rukyatul hilal. Hal yang harus di perhatikan dalam kegiatan rukyatul hilal adalah tempat observasi yang ideal dan strategis, ada beberapa indikator yang membuat bahwa tempat tersebut layak dijadikan tempat rukyatul hilal, melakukan pengamatan yang relatif jauh dari tengah-tengah kota dan mengamati di tempat yang tertentu, karena mengamati Hilal pada umumnya di lakukan di daerah pesisir pantai atau daerah dataran tinggi seperti bukit atau gunung untuk bebas melihat Hilal di ufuk barat. Navigation in general command is a way of determining the position and direction of travel on the actual terrain and map by the ship in navigation. Shipping activities are regarded as a region or a medium of communication between regions. The Bugis Tribe is one of the archipelago countries facing the sea. Many people have created traditions and cultures in their activities. This journal discusses the roots of the development of the Islamic civilization in the Bugis society and culture by Bugis navigation in the 17th century. The 17th century in Burgess society was an era in which Islam and culture merged but still conformed to Islamic values. This can be found in ancient manuscripts from the buginese community literature. The magazine also showed that before the advent of modern navigation tools, Bugis sailors relied on their navigational abilities and experience to take advantage of natural phenomena in the sky and sea.using likethe wind, moo and stars
KONTRIBUSI NORMATIF ABU HANIFAH DALAM PENENTUAN AWAL BULAN KAMARIAH Fatmawati, Emyllia; Syarif, Rasdiyanah Audiah
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v5i2.23644

Abstract

This research is seen from Muslims who are faced with the problem of determining the beginning of the month of Kamariyah, but they still have not found a common point, as is the difference in the opinions of the scholars of the four schools regarding the determination of the beginning of the month of Kamariyah. In Islam, the determination of the beginning of the lunar month begins with the sight of the new moon, which is part of ijtihad. Abu Hanifah is one of the imam of the madzab who made a valuable contribution to the development of Islamic law. His Ijtihad about fulfilling 30 days when cloudy in determining the beginning of the month of kamariyah has been used by the followers of this madzab, which is only 30% in the world such as in India and Pakistan and Afghanistan. The purpose of this research is to study the method used by Imam Hanafi, one of the four Imam Madzab in determining the beginning of the month of the month.
SISTEM PENANGGALAN SUKU NIAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF ASTRONOMI Arisafitri, Novi; Izzuddin, Ahmad
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v5i2.24333

Abstract

The presence of a calendar or calendar is the most famous and urgent legacy of human civilization for human survival. One of the indigenous Indonesian tribes has a local calendar that is relatively different from the general calendar, namely the Nias tribe. Traditional Nias people used to not know the clock, the division and naming of their time refers to daily activities such as raising livestock, farming, domestic work and other natural phenomena. The traditional Nias people besides having a daily time reference, they also have a calendar system used for agricultural activities that refers to the circulation of the Orion Star or based on local wisdom the Nias people call it Bintang Sara Wangahalö.
URGENSI PENYATUAN KALENDER HIJRIYAH GLOBAL MUSYAFA', MUHAMMAD ALWI; Qulub, Siti Tatmainul
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v5i2.24872

Abstract

Calendar is one of the most important tools in human civilization. For Muslims, the calendar has not only a social function, but also has a spiritual function. However, the Islamic civilization that has existed for centuries, does not have a synchronous calendar system yet, in the sense of one global date. This causes Muslims around the world not to be able to conduct religious celebrations simultaneously to celebrate any important moments such as Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, and fasting Ramadan. It is not easy to realize the unification of the global hijriyah calendar, because aspects of Syariah and astronomy must be studied carefully. At least there are several things that make the unification of the Hjriyah calendar urgent to do. First, realizing the unity and integrity of Muslims. Second, realizing the time’s unity of worship of Muslims. Third, at the global level, this unification of worship times is also beneficial for Muslims who reside in non-Muslim majority areas.
AKULTURASI DAN PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA DALAM SISTEM KALENDER: Kalender Jawa-Islam Indana Zuyyina Illiyyin; Maulidia, Rinata
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v5i2.24885

Abstract

This research is based on the many cultures in Indonesia, especially the influence of culture in Islam with various fields. One of these fields is the calendar, acculturation of Islamic culture in the calendar system which is seen that cultural acculturation in Islam greatly affects various fields, especially the calendar system. The acculturation of Islamic culture affects the calendar system and these events occur especially in Indonesia. Indonesia has a lot of acculturation of Islamic culture, this happens because before Islam came, there were already many indigenous cultures, religions (Hindu-Buddhist), and others. In this journal, we will discuss about one of the acculturation of Islamic culture that entered Indonesia, namely the calendar system.
UJI AKURASI BACKSTAFF DALAM PENENTUAN AWAL WAKTU SALAT DZUHUR DAN ASHAR Sari, Friska Linia; Riza, Muhammad Himmatur
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 6 No 1 (2022): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v6i1.26686

Abstract

Seiring perkembangan teknologi, para praktisi falak menggunakan bahkan memodifikasi alat-alat pelayaran ke dalam khazanah keilmuan dalam Ilmu Falak. Salah satu alat pelayaran yang pernah digunakan dalam Ilmu Falak yaitu sextant. Ada lagi alat pelayaran kuno yang belum banyak orang ketahui yaitu backstaff. Namun di pelayaran tidak digunakan lagi, karena dianggap kuno dan sudah muncul banyak alat yang lebih canggih, modern dan akurat. Di Indonesia alat ini belum ada. Oleh karena itu penulis ingin memunculkan, mereformulasi backstaff dalam khasanah keilmuan dalam ilmu falak.  Backstaff adalah alat navigasi pelayaran yang digunakan untuk mengukur ketinggian benda langit, khususnya Matahari dan Bulan. Ketika mengamati Matahari, posisi pengamat membelakangi Matahari, hal ini sesuai dengan nama alatnya yaitu back-staff, kemudian pengamat mengamati bayangan yang dilemparkan oleh baling-baling bayangan pada baling-baling horizon. Dalam pengamatan tinggi Matahari sangatlah begantung pada keadaan cuaca yang cerah. Backstaff ini menggunakan metode langsung baca pada busur sehingga pengamat bisa langsung mengetahui ketinggian Matahari. Hasil penelitian dari Backstaff yang divalidasi dengan Mizwala dan hasil perhitungan Ephemeris 2020 dalam penentuan ketinggian Matahari yang berkaitan dengan awal waktu salat Dzuhur dan Ashar menunjukkan bahwa backstaff masih akurat karena nilai kemelencengan atau selisih tidak sampai 1 derajat.
ANALISIS VISIBILITAS HILAL SEBAGAI ACUAN PENENTUAN AWAL BULAN KAMARIYAH : STUDI DATA PENAMPAKAN HILAL DI MAKASSAR Reskiani, Anugrah; Subhan, Rahman
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 6 No 1 (2022): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v6i1.26772

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan: a. untuk mengetahui penampakan cahaya (fisis) bulan baru pada saat pengamatan hilal 1 Ramadhan dan 1 Syawal 1438 H, b. untuk menganalisis kriteria visibilitas hila>l dari pengamatan awal Bulan Kamariyah di Makassar Sulawesi Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini tergolong kualitatif lapangan (field research kualitatif) dengan multi-pendekatan (teologis-empiri, dan Sains-Astronomi), data diperoleh dari hasil observasi hila>l dan histori pengamatan hilal beberapa tahun yang lalu. Hasil penelitian ini: a. Penampakan Hila>l sangat dipengaruhi oleh awan tebal dan kecemerlangan langit/cahaya syafak. b. Dari pengamatan hila>l di makassar, maka dapat di­turunkan sejumlah kriteria sebagai kriteria visibilitas hila>l yakni; 1. Pasca konjungsi umur Bulan >19 jam dengan elongasi >10°; 2. Tinggi Bulan–Matahari memiliki nilai >10.24° untuk kasus beda azimuth =6°; 3. Saat di mana fungsi visibilitas ∆m mencapai nilai maksimumnya dapat digunakan sebagai indikator waktu terbaik (best time) pengamatan hila>l, yakni 5 menit pasca terbenam matahari. Penentuan awal bulan kamariyah diperlukan penggabungan kedua sistem yakni hisab dan rukyat; perlu pengamatan hila>l harus dilakukan dalam skala yang lebih luas (baik dari segi tempat maupun penggunaan alat yang lebih canggih), untuk membentuk kriteria ketinggian hila>l yang disepekati sesuai dengan kaidah agama dan sains.
IMPLEMENTASI KALENDER BATAK (PARHALAAN) PADA ADAT BATAK Frifana, Sherly Olyfiya
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 6 No 1 (2022): Juni
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v6i1.27182

Abstract

The purpose of this study, in order to know about the Batak calendar. This Batak calendar is a local calendar related to various Batak people's lives, such as religious ceremonies, wedding ceremonies, death ceremonies, farming, sowing seeds, and also determining good days and bad days. This writing methodology, obtained from library research, by collecting sources through books, journals, theses, websites and articles related to the discussion of the Batak Calendar. With qualitative data collection methods, with primary data supporting sources of books and journals, with secondary data in the form of theses, websites and articles. The results show that this Batak tribe, has a characteristic of its calendar or what is called parhalaan with various urgencies that exist. So this Batak calendar, as a benchmark in the life of the Batak people. Keywords: History of Parhalaan, Names of Parhalaan, Urgency of Parhalaan

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