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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Determination of Probiotic Potential and Anticancer Activity of Lactobacillus Isolated from Cheese and Yogurt Muthanna Hamid Hassan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12120

Abstract

In this study, microorganism was isolated from cheese and yogurt, cultured on specific culture media, thenrecognized molecularly through 16S rDNA f quality sequencing. The supernatant of Lactobacillus strainscontained probiotic activity such as anticancer effects against cancer cell lines such as HeLa, RD and normalcell line (REF )cells and antibacterial. The cytotoxicity effects were assessed by MTT stain and apoptosis inmitochondria. The supernatant showed had anticancer activity against the tested cell lines (P< 0.05) with nosignificant cytotoxic effects against normal cell line .
The Protective Effect of Annona Extracts on Renal Histopathology Induced by Ethylene Glycol in Male Rabbits Hanaa. Kh. Ismail1, Ahmed -Alsaidya2 , Thaira I. Younis3 , Shihab A. Al-Bajari4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12121

Abstract

Annona is one of the many plant extracts that have been explored owing to theiranti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Male locale rabbit were separated into five groups, Group Iconsider as control, The 4th other groups were treated orally with 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) to inducerenal damage this treatment done till 30th days. Group III to V animals were served as curative regimenand received flavonoids, glycosides and alkaloids extract of the plant of Annona at a dose of 100 mg/kgbody weight from 15th day to 30th day. The extracts was administered twice daily by oral route. significantkidney injury in EG animals as demonstrated by a significant elevation (P= 0.05) in serum activities urea,creatinine, total protein and calculated globulin levels. Meanwhile there was significant drop (P=0.05) inalbumin, and A/G ratio compared to the control and treated group , The levels of lipid peroxidation weresignificantly higher in the Serum of the groups of animals treated with EG , while the levels of SOD,CAT and GPx were significantly lower than animals were treatment of EG group with Annona significantlyelevated the antioxidant mechanisms differ with that before treatment. Renal Histopathological changesincludes deposition of oxalates in the renal tubules lumen, degeneration and necrosis of epithelium of renaltubules , congestion of blood cells , infiltration of inflammatory cells and atrophy in glomerular tuft leadingto expansion of bowmans spaces. While Histopathological changes in animals group treated with Annonaextract and ethylene glycol were limited dilatation of renal tubules with vascular changes with blood vesselscongestion and interstitial hemorrhage , reduced renal damage revealed by less degenerative and necroticlesion in tubular epithelium and no inflammatory reaction and the glomeruli appeared normal compared withethylene glycol sections.
The Prevalence of Illicit Drugs and Alcohol in Road Traffic Accident Fatalities in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia Naglaa F. Mahmoud1, 2; Maha K. Al-Mazroua2 ; Mostafa M. Afify2, 3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12122

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the prevalence of alcohol and illicit drugs in Road Traffic Accident fatalities fromJanuary 2015 to December 2019 in Eastern region – Saudi Arabia. From a total of 1939 deaths investigatedin the Dammam Poison Control Center, only 57 of them were related to Road Traffic Accidents (RTA), ofwhich 96.4% were males, 36.8% were in the age group between 18–30 years. The highest incidence wasamong Saudi nationals (82.5%). 70.2% of the investigated cases tested positive for ethanol either alone orwith other illicit drugs, cannabis ranked the second (38.6%), followed by amphetamine (17%) and heroin(10%). Ethanol was the sole toxicological finding in (57.5%). The single drug–abusing pattern (50.9%)exceeded bi-and triple drug–abusing pattern (31.5 %). None of the investigated samples showed a positiveresult for illicit cocaine or benzodiazepines. In Conclusion, ethanol identified as a key element, being thehighest frequently detected substance in the blood samples of RTA victims which mandates the need forplanning appropriate interventions and more strict application of Saudi national program for drug preventiontogether with wide community action.
Identify and Prioritize Criteria for Efficient Allocation of Donation Resources Narges Asadi Janati1 , Khalil Alimohammadzade 2, 3, Seyd Mojtaba Hosseini 4 , Ali Maher5 , Mohammadk
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12123

Abstract

Introduction: Using civil society’s and donors’ resources can be helpful options to strengthen financingof the Iranian Health System to reduce the Out-of-Pocket Expenditures. Although local and public fundscan address many problems of health systems, but the main concern is allocation of resources mobilized bydonors.Objective: the current study aims to identify and prioritize effective factors on allocation of resourcesmobilized by donors in the Iranian Health System context.Methods: The current study comprises of three parts. The first part was a qualitative study to identify factorsthat influence allocation of resources mobilized by donors. At the second part, Delphi method was used toevaluate experts’ consensus on allocation criteria. In the second part, identified criteria were prioritized.Hierarchical analysis was used to prioritize criteria.Results: The results of the analysis of interviews were divided into 3 groups: Financial SustainabilityFramework, Corporate Funding Organization, Optimum Funding Allocation and 6 main categories including(Recruitment, Maintenance and Active Participation, Organizing and Planning, Executive factors, method ofinvestment, identification of real need, need-based decision criteria) and 36 sub-categories were extracted.Conclusion: Policy-makers and managers of the health system must channel the mobilized resourcesthrough appropriate planning, organizing, and monitoring. Furthermore, parallel activities must be avoided.Lack of appropriate management and good organization of donations result in waste of resources, whichdistract donors’ attention from the health system
The Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse to Remove Cr (VI) Heavy Metal Waste with Adsorption Narimo1 , Sajidan2 , Maskyuri3 , Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12124

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse obtained from sugar factories is the residue that is usually left behind and considereduseless. In fact, sugarcane bagasse can be made nanopore-activated carbon in the form of powder and tablet,which is effective as adsorbent of Cr (VI) in heavy metal waste pollution. The production in this studystarted from drying using sunlight, crushing sugarcane bagasse into powder, carbonizing the powder at 3000C, activating it using HCL5N, sieving with 200 mesh and sonicating in 15 minutes with 40% amplitude.After accomplishing those steps, nanopore powder was obtained and then pressed into a tablet. Absorptioncapacity testing of Cr (VI) heavy metal was performed with an artificial sample using K2Cr2O7 solution.Sugarcane bagasse nanopore powder was tested for its contact time by adding 0.1 gram of nanopore powderinto the sample solution, leaving the sample for a while, and analyzing the sample using spectrophotometry.The results show that the optimum contact time of nanopore powder was six hours to reduce 91.80% of Cr(VI) level and the optimum contact time of the tablet was five hours to remove 56.35% of Cr (VI). Testingon a fixed variable of 105 rpm stirring speed and various contact times produced an optimum result with90 minutes stirring duration and adsorption capacity of 91.80% for removing Cr (VI). Examination onfixed variable of stirring time and independent variable of stirring speed resulted in an optimum adsorptioncapacity of 90.07% in Cr (VI) removal, with 105 rpm stirring speed. This study concludes that powder hada greater adsorption capacity than a tablet, while the tablet was more practical for usage.
Biological Hazard on Multidrug Resistance (MDR) of Escherichia Coli Collected From Cloacal Swab of Broiler Chicken on Wet Markets Surabaya Nenny Harijani1 , Surya Jovinson Tansil Oetama2 , Koesnoto Soepranianondo3 , Mustofa Helmi Effendi1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12125

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the multidrug resistance (MDR) profile of Escherichiacoli from broiler chicken from Wonokromo Market and Tambahrejo Market Surabaya to some antibioticgroups, namely streptomycin, levofloxacin, cefotaxime, trimethoprim and chloramphenicol.Materials and Methods: Seventy samples were taken from Wonokromo market and Tambahrejo market,each of which had thirty-five samples. Sampling was used cloaca swab technique. Then inoculated on EosinMethylene Blue Agar (EMBA) media, purification of bacteria on EMBA media, and tested biochemicallywith Sulfide Indol Motility (SIM) and Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) media.Antibiotic sensitivity test was used the Kirby-Bauer method. Muller-Hinton Agar (MHA) media incubation.Then the inhibition zone was measured according to the Clinical and Labortary Standard Institute (CLSI)standards. Detect positive multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria characterized by resistance to ?3 types ofantibiotics.Results: Detection results of Escherichia coli multidrug resistance (MDR) at Wonokromo market was85.7%, and at Tambahrejo market was 51.4%. Presumptive Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)producing E. coli at Wonokromo market was 14.3% and at Tambahrejo market was 2.9%.Conclusion: The high level of MDR of Escherichia coli from cloacal swabs of broiler chicken was a threatto public health and the environment, and is an important concern to reduce the rate of its spread
Analysis of Human Decomposition Effect on DNA Quality with Short Tandem Repeats [STRS] Combined Index DNA System [CODIS] Nily Sulistyorini, Ahmad Yudianto1 , Ma’rifatul Ula2 , Renny Sumino3 , Fery Setiawan4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12126

Abstract

Introduction: Personal identification is a problem in criminal or civil cases. Exact determination of personalidentity is very important in investigation as any error can be fatal in the judicial process. The process ofidentification that is often used is through DNA analysis. The problem that often becomes a serious problemfor both forensic DNA expert and other DNA expert is the condition of degraded DNA.Method and Materials: This study was conducted by analysing DNA damage patterns using CODIS STR(Short Tandem Repeat) markers to effect the decay process. The type of research used by experimentallaboratories, with research design used is time series.Results and Discussion: The result of DNA sample extraction from Psoas and Masseter muscle samplesshows the average minimum range of DNA levels for DNA typing is 0.25 ng with purity of 1.8 – 2(1). Theresult of this study prove the effect of decomposition on DNA concentration on each muscle. This study isalso showed a decrease in levels and purity in the samples of Psoas and Masseter muscle tissue buried in soil,sea/salt water and river/fresh water from day 1, 7, 14, 20 and 40.Conclusion: Psoas and Masseter muscle can be alternative material for forensic identification. The successof sequence mapping pattern from STR loci are TPOX, THO1, and CS1PO according to each GC content.GC content of THO1 and TPOX has the same relative value of 0,48, compared to CSF1PO value of 0,33.
Association between The Study of Nerve Conductivity and The Medianus Nerve Cross-Sectional Area in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Ninik Dwiastuti1 , Meisy Andriana1 , Mei Wulan1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12127

Abstract

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a collection of symptoms caused by clasps on mediannerve. CTS diagnosis is based on anamnesis, physical examination and investigation. Medianus nerveelectrodiagnostic examination is the gold standard of CTS diagnosis.Objective: To determine the association between the study of nerve conductivity measured byelectrodiagnostic and the median nerve cross-sectional area measured by musculoskeletal USG in CTSpatients.Methods: This study was conducted at medical rehabilitation installation of Dr. Soetomo Teaching HospitalSurabaya, Indonesia. The samples were 15 hand that obtained from 13 females with CTS.Results: The Pearson Association analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the the crosssectional area and the motor distal latency of medianus nerve (r = 0.625; p = 0.013). There was no significantcorrelation between the cross-sectional area with sensory distal latency, sensory amplitude, motor amplitude,sensory nerve conductivity velocity and motor nerve conductivity velocity of median nerve.Conclusion: Electrodiagnostic and musculoskeletal USG have different roles in the diagnosis of CTS.Electrodiagnostics as the gold standard provided information about the level and severity of lesions n.Medianus. Musculoskeletal ultrasound could be used as an additional examination that provided informationon the anatomy of median nerve and other structures located in the carpal tunnel.
Relationships of Service Response with Service Quality in Emergency Department of Rsud Dr. Loekmono Hadi, Kudus, Indonesia Nur Hidayat1 , Ahsan1 , Masruroh Rahayu1 , Abdul Rohim Tualeka2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12128

Abstract

Emergency Department is a service installation in a hospital that provides the first service for 24 hours topatients with the threat of death and disability in an integrated manner by involving various multidisciplinarysciences and multi professions including nursing services. The quality of service in IGD can be assessedbased on 2 (two) things, namely service quality and minimum service standards (SPM). The main factor inevaluating service quality in the emergency room is the speed of service response time or response time.The purpose of service response time is the delivery of services that are fast, responsive and able to saveemergency patients who need help. This research was conducted in January 2020 in the Emergency Roomat Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus. It aims to analyze the relationship between service response time and servicequality in the ED. This is a descriptive quantitative study carried out through analytic observation with across sectional approach. The population in this study was the visit of all patients who entered and receivedservices by the guardian in the emergency room as much as 25-35 patients per shift per day, while thenumber of samples in this study were 117 patients. The independent variable in this study is service responsetime and the dependent variable is service quality. Data were analyzed by bivariate test using Kendall Tau.The p-value is 0.963, thus, there was no relationship between service response time and service quality in theEmergency Room Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus. Further research is needed because the limited understandingand knowledge of the sample influences the evaluation of service response time to service quality becomesirrelevant.
Study of Adult Injury Fatality in Nigeria Obiora Jude Uchendu1 , Nkadi Francis Nwachokor2 , Eseroghene Arthur Ijomone3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12129

Abstract

Background: Although Injury is a major cause of death in low and middle income countries, its demographiccharacteristics in such regions is poorly characterized.Aims and Objective: The study aims at determining the demographic pattern of adult injury-related deathsin a metropolitan City in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: This is a 14-year (2003-2016) descriptive retrospective autopsy study of adultinjury fatalities in Warri, Nigeria. The gender, age, and causes of death analyzed using SPSS version 22 andthe results presented in tables and figures.Results: Of the 975 medico-legal deaths in this city from 2003 to 2016, 860(88.2%) deaths were attributedto adult injury; among 778 (90.5%) males and 82 (9.5%) females. The highest and lowest incidence wereamong the 21-30 years (39.8%) and 51-60 years (6.6%) age brackets respectively. Homicide, accident andsuicide contributed 639 (74.3%), 205 (23.8%) and 16 (1.9%) of the fatalities respectively. Firearm injury(47.4%), road injury (11.7%), sharp weapon injury (18.1%), blunt injury (8.1%), drowning (3.5%), burnsinjury (2.9%), electrocution (2.3%), hanging (1.5%) and petrochemical gas inhalation (1.3%) and falls(0.9%) were the major causes of death.Conclusion: Adult injury fatality is poorly addressed public health problem in Nigeria. The study showedhigh vulnerability of victims in the 3rd decade of life and a disproportionately higher male fatality. Homicideis the most common manner of death while is very rare. Proper understanding of causes and manners ofthese preventable deaths is necessary to public health interventions and policies.

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