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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Mastoid Canals and Grooves in Human Skulls: A Dry Bone Study UshaVerma; Shavi Garg; Amit Kumar Saxena; Ritu Singroha; Prachi SAneja; Suresh KantaRathee
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17658

Abstract

Background: The mastoid canals and mastoid grooves are formed within the mastoid part of temporal bones of skull, these are present on the external surface of mastoid region, anterior to the occipitomastoid suture, behind and parallel to the petrosquamous suture and anteroinferior to the asterion. The study was conducted to observe the incidence of mastoid canals and grooves in dry adult human skulls.Methods: Total of 120 dry adult human skulls consisting of 80 male & 40 female were examined to determine the incidence of mastoid canals and grooves. The mastoid parts of both sides were examined for the presence of mastoid canals and grooves. Then length of mastoid canals was measured.Conclusion: Out of the total of 120 skulls, mastoid canals were observed in 8.75% of skulls. The incidence of mastoid canals was 10% in females and 8.12% in males. The incidence of mastoid grooves was 10.42% of total skulls. It was 11.88 % in male skulls and in female skulls, it was 7.55%. The knowledge of mastoid canals and grooves of the temporal bones is very useful to the neurosurgeons and ENT surgeons while doing surgery to avoid severe bleeding.
Predictor of Mortality COVID-19 in Two Referral Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia Usman Hadi; Bramanton; Tri Pudy Asmarawati; Musofa Rusli; Nasronudin; Brian Eka Rachman; M. Vitanata Arfijanto
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17659

Abstract

Introduction: World Health Organization had identified COVID-19 in January 2019. This disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which spread throughout the world and became a pandemic on March 20, 2020. COVID-19 is still a health problem because it has not clear whether the patients will be cured and survive from the disease or not. This study aims to determine the predictors of mortality from COVID-19 at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital and Universitas Airlangga Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia.Method: This study was conducted in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital (referral hospital for COVID-19, 1500 beds) and Universitas Airlangga Hospital (Referal Hospital for COVID-19, 600 beds). The study used data on patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized at these two referral hospitals. Predictors of mortality were analyzed using logistic regressions.Result: There were 247 COVID-19 patients enrolled in this study, all patients were tested positive PCR SARS-CoV-2. The main complaints were cough, nasal congestion, dyspnea, and fever. Significant predictor mortality in this study were age >60 years old (OR: 3.24, 95% CI, 1.36 - 7.70), chronic kidney disease (OR: 5.71, 95% CI, 2.05 - 15.89), obesity (OR: 8.22, 95% CI,1.5 - 54.17), malignancy (OR: 6.025, 95% CI, 1.1- 33.00), coronary heart disease (OR: 5.31, 95% CI, 1.28 - 21.98) , and C-reactive protein >10 mg/L (OR 4.603, 95% CI, 2.03 - 10.44).Conclusions: Obesity and the presence of malignancy, chronic kidney disease, heart disease and age >60 yearsold are the strongest predictors of mortality in people with COVID-19, despite high CRP results.
Assessment of Patients’ Satisfaction with Fixed Partial Denture and its Correlation with Patients’ Evaluation of Clinicians Uswah Khan; Pankaj Dhawan; Piyush Tandan; Meena Jain
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17660

Abstract

Introduction: Patient satisfaction affects clinical outcomes, patient retention, and patient-centered delivery of quality health care. It is a very effective indicator to measure the success of doctors and healthcare organizations. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate the relationship between patients’ satisfaction with Fixed Partial Denture and their perception regarding their clinicians’ in a dental school in India.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 250 patients attending the OPD of the Department of Prosthodontics of a dental college in Faridabad, India. Patients having atleast3 unit fixed prosthesis were interviewed regarding the demographic details, oral hygiene aids used, and dental care utilization. Patient satisfaction questionnaire and patients’ evaluation of dentist questionnaire was also administered. Data were statistically analysed using SPSS version 21.0 and significance was set at p<0.05Results: The overall PSQ score for the present study was 6.58+0.59. It was higher in males and increased with social class. Most of the patients agreed or strongly agreed with positive dentist conduct. There was a strong positive correlation between patient satisfaction scores and patient agreement with the dentist.Conclusion: The majority of patients were satisfied with the services received at the facility. Social class was associated with a difference in the level of patient satisfaction
Body Mass Index as an Indicator for Endometrial Biopsy in Premenopausal Women with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding Wafaa Salah Abd-Al Amieer; Lamees Adnan Shubber; Shaymaa Mareai Qaddoori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17664

Abstract

Background: Although Obesity is a risk factor of endometrial hyperplasia/ carcinoma, there is no consensus on using the BMI as a predictor for endometrial biopsy screening in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding in pre-menopausal women. Therefore, it’s clinically important to identify BMI cutoff values as a predictor for endometrial hyperplasia/ carcinoma in premenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding.Aim of the Study: To determine the feasibility of using Body Mass Index (BMI) as an indicator to perform endometrial biopsy in premenopausal women presented with heavy menstrual bleeding.Patients & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic /Al-Emamain Al-Kadhemein teaching medical city in Baghdad where women 150 women who are 40-50 years old with heavy menstrual bleeding where sent for endometrial biopsy. 100 women had abnormal endometrial biopsy results, histopathological results of the abnormal endometrial samples were classified into following groups: hyperplasia without atypia, hyperplasia with atypia, and hyperplasia with atypia and cancer. Statistical analysis conducted to correlate The Body Mass Index (BMI) with the status of endometrial biopsy.Results: 42% of the women with BMI≥30 kg/m2 have hyperplasia with atypia or carcinoma compared to 10% of women who BMI<30 kg/m2 (p<0.001). from 54 women who had hyperplasia with atypia in endometrial sample results; 77.7% of such patients were BMI≥30 kg/m2. Receiver operating characteristic analysis shows that using BMI ≥30 kg/m2 as a predictor of hyperplasia with atypia or carcinoma carries a sensitivity of 80.77 % and specify of 86.00% with area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.83 (CI. 0.75-0.92) and (p<0.001). women with BMI≥30 kg/m2 has a relative risk (RR) of 3.98 of developing endometrial hyperplasia (without atypia or with atypia+carcinoma) and a relative risk (RR) of 4.11 of developing hyperplasia with atypia or carcinoma (p<0.001).Conclusion: Our results indicate that BMI regardless of the age is the highest risk factor for abnormal endometrial hyperplasia premenopausal women. Also, BMI≥30 kg/m2 has highest risk for developing endometrial hyperplasia with atypia or carcinoma. BMI≥30 kg/m2 can be used as predictor of endometrial hyperplasia in premenopausal women with heavy uterine bleeding.
The Experience of Health Services in Handling Covid-19 Pandemic in Nine Provinces of Indonesia Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni; Risky Kusuma Hartono; Hasbullah Thabrany
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17665

Abstract

Background: Indonesia’s experience in handling the Covid-19 pandemic is essential to prepare for future pandemic.Aim: This research aims to know the experience of health services in handling Covid-19 pandemic in nine provinces of Indonesia.Methods: This research used qualitative and case study approach, with a total of 94 informants coming from all levels of health service agencies from nine provinces in Indonesia. The data collection process was carried out by in-depth interviews, and data analysis were done by means of triangulation of sources between informants.Results: Each province has a variety of local policies with the addition of varying amouns of the budget for handling Covid-19. In addition, the workload of health workers increased after the pandemic, and the availability of facilities, medicines, and single-usage medical materials were deemed inadequate in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic.Discussions: Accounting for the use of funds for handling Covid-19 as well as increasing surveillance capacity needed to prepare for future pandemic in Indonesia.
Study Effecting of Hetero Chitosan Mineralization on Structure of Proteus spp Walla Shaker Mahmoud
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17668

Abstract

DE protection, demineralization, de colorization, and DE acetylation. Protein accesses were used to obtain chitosan from shrimp shell waste. Using FTIR, SEM and XRD. It was characterized. Also analyzed were the physiochemical parameter such as moisture content, hydrogen meter, viscosity, degree of DE acetylation and solubility The age of bacterial culture influenced its susceptibility to chitosan with cells being most prone to chitosan in the late exponential period. Hetero chitosan oligosaccharides were made up of partially DE acetylated chitosan’s 90%, 75%, and 50% DE acetylated chitosan’s. It was clear that in the presence of the hetero chitosan and their oligosaccharides, the growth of gram –negative bacteria is less inhibited than gram positive bacteria. These results revealed that hetero chitosan’s and their oligosaccharide rely on the antibacterial effects degree of DE acetylation, and molecular weight.
Extraction of Mannanase from Bifidobacteria and its Effect On Starvation Walla Shaker Mahmoud
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17669

Abstract

Any members of the human gut micro biota including members of the gut micro biota that promote health like bifid bacterium bifidbacterium spp. Catabolize manna’s for food. Few informationis available in the gut ecological niche regarding the enzymology of man nan deconstruction, below the biochemical properties if the first 5 subfamily 8 glycoside hydrolase (GH5 8) manna n as e derived from the biochemical properties of probiotic. The relationship between gut micro biota and biochemical metabolism to explore the relationship between gut micro biota. In traycomponents and some substances which are produced by the host, the primary intestinal microbe :bacteria and microbial species associated with dietary carbohydrates metabolism, strictly anaerobic and gram positive strain of specified bifid bacteria known as, B. Lon gum (60 percent of the sample )was the most commonly identified species followed by B. bifida (60 percent of the samples ), while B. Brief (21 percent).
Secondary Syphilis in the Second Trimester Pregnancy : Case Report Wibisono Nugraha; Eka Devinta Novi Diana; Frieda; Alfina Rahma; Prasetyadi Mawardi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17670

Abstract

Background: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum, which is transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion and transplacental from an infected mother to the fetus. Syphilis in pregnancy can cause complications including abortion, low birth weight, premature birth, neonatal death or congenital syphilis infection.Case: A 39-year-old woman, 16 weeks pregnant, presented with a complaint of a small lump on the genitals accompanied by red patches on the palms of the hands and feet. Serological tests showed a reactive VDRL of 1:512 and a reactive TPHA of 1:640. Based on the history, physical examination and serological tests the patient was diagnosed with secondary syphilis in pregnancy. The management of this patient was given a single dose of Benzathine Penicillin G injection of 2.4 million units intramuscularly.Conclusion: Early screening for syphilis in pregnancy isvery important to prevent complications in the fetus. VDRL serological test examination 3 months after therapy was carried out to determine the success of therapy. In this case, there was a decrease in the VDRL titer to 1:4 in the absence of skin lesions 3 months after therapy with benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units intramuscularly single dose.
DNA Marker Screening for High-Risk Non-syndromic Hearing Loss Associated to Gene Mutations Yasin Kareem Amin
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17671

Abstract

Background:Congenital hearing loss is a debilitating disease affecting 1–3 out of 1,000 live births. According to WHO’s associated figures, in both ears, 278 million people globally suffer from moderate to extreme hearing loss. Most hearing-loss individuals live in developing countries. Many deafness and hearing problems cases were documented in our region. Those cases’ exact cause is still unknown, so we performed this study and aimed to screen DNA in high-risk Non-syndromic hearing loss patients in Arbil city. Methods: This researchscreened 132 blood samples from (80 newborns and 52 individuals) at (Hiwa Institute for deaf and mutes); their ages patients from 14 to 22 years old.MTRNR1genes were performed for molecular detection of mutant genes. The mutation gene wasamplified by multiplex tetra primer PCR. Result:G- mito-1555-F1, mito-1555-R1 (O), mito-1555-F2 (I), and mito-1555-R2 (I) hearing loss mutations were not observed in 132 blood samples from both classes and genotyped in MTRNR1. For mtDNA 12S rRNA mt.1555A>G, no mutant alleles were detected in all of the tests, and no false-positives were identified.Using all primers, fifty-two samples were easily separated on 2% agarose gel; two were outer primers, and others are inner primers. Two separate bands were observed with 52 molecular samples (wild type at 254bp and control at 341bp).Of 80 samples, 28 have control bands at 341 bp. We did not find any mutation in our 80 samples. Conclusion: MTRNR1 mutation genes were not present in collected samples in deafness-related mutation. Genetic tests for the deafness gene can better diagnose infant congenital NSHL cases than conventional screening procedures.
The Role of Vitamin D3 in Improving Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Cardio Vascular Disease Yassamen Samer Abd Aon; Sanaa Jasim Kadhim; Inas Hassan Mohammed Al Khafaji; Noor Thiar Tahir
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17672

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is the major risk factor for microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Vitamin D a fat-soluble prohormone, has wide-ranging roles in the regulation of many physiological processes through their interactions with. This aim of this study to investigate the role of Vitamin D3 and other biochemical to associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes with CVD. This study was carried out at the National Diabetes Center (NDC) / Mustansiriyah University during the period from 1/11/2020 to 1/2/2021. group of type2 diabetes with CVD patients, including 80 patients from both sexes (male and female), and apparently healthy control group (n=40) were enrolled. The highest significantly were in values of FBS , HbA1c, TC , TG , LDL) were (195.33 - 89.45 mg/dl, P= 0.001; 8.75 - 4.86 %, P= 0.001; 234.08 158.9 mg/dl, P= 0.001, 221.25 versus 83.37 mg/dl, P= 0.001 and 132.62 - 87.40 mg/dl, P= 0.001 respectively). Vitamin D3 levels were significantly lower for patients group than that in control healthy people were. The conclusion of this study found Vitamin D3 Deficiency showed effective on lipid profile in Type2 diabetes patients with CVD .

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