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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 498   499   500   501   502 
The Impact of COVID 19 In Digital Currencies Focused in Western Balkan Societies Ermir Shahini; Eugen Skuraj; Fatbardh Sallaku; Shpend Shahini; Fabiola Bali; Ermira Kalaj; Elti Shahini
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15685

Abstract

Virtual communities’ emergence and innovative technologies bring up new types of accounting and transaction methods. These methods go beyond the existing economics knowledge and current legal solutions. Virtual societies develop and share their payment medium for goods and services exchange. The use of cryptocurrency has been enhanced during the COVID -19 era due to the health guidelines to minimize the virus’s spread. Cryptocurrencies bridge the loopholes left by the traditional currency in sorting crises like the Corona Virus pandemic. However, cryptocurrency brings up legal controversies that users are exposed to economic and legal risks.
The Study of Hemodialysis on the Change Rate of Serum Osteopontin, Sialic Acid, and Nitric Oxide Levels Entedhar R. Sarhat; Takea Shaker Ahmed; Mahde Salih Hamad; Rajaa S. Najim; ThuraiaRifaat Sarhat; Kasim Sakran Abass
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15686

Abstract

Objective : Chronic renal failure (CRF) is one of the most prevalent diseases of human societies, especially in Iraq. Despite all advances that have been made so far, hemodialysis with all its complications is being applied as the novel treatment strategy for such individuals.Osteopontin (OPN) is a multi-functional secreted glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in and inflammatory process.Our aim was to ascertain whether circulating osteopontin,sialic acid ,and NO levels are altered in patients with CRF before and after dialysis.Design and Methods: A total of 126 patients with HD were enrolled in this study. Serum OPN levels were measured using a commercial enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kit.Results: Osteopontin and Sialic acid levels were significantly higher in haemodialysed CKD patients than predialysed CKD patients and normal healthy controls. The levels of NO was significantly lower in CRF patients pre HD when compared with healthy controls and significantly increased in post HD as compared to pre HD. Conclusion: In our study, OPN SA, NO were found to be a valuable marker of severity of CKD.
Biochemical Study on the Hypoglycemic Effects of Extracted Phenolic Compounds from Grape Seeds in Streptozotocin -Induced Diabetic Rats Entedhar Rifaat Sarhat; Madlen Qassm Abbas; Gadeer Hatem Aljader; Anwar Rifaat Sarhat; Thuraia Rifaat Sarhat; Kasim Sakran Abass
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15687

Abstract

Isolation and Identification of Shigella Sonnei from Children with Diarrhea and Detection of the Most Important Virulence Factors Hayfaa Rajab Alwan; Mohammed Nadhir Maaroof
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15688

Abstract

Some reports showed that the sensitivity of Shigella species to antibiotics changed dramatically over time due to the indiscriminate use of drugs.The Shigella strains became gradually resistant to most antimicrobials, which led to failure of treatment and increased mortality.This study was conducted in Tikrit city and included the isolated of Shigella sonnei from 530 stool samples were collected from children suffering from diarrhea during the period from March 2018 to March 2019.Stool samples taken from children aged 1-60 month.The study showed that all the fifteen isolates obtained were Shigella sonnei, meaning that the infection rate was 2.83% of the total number of patients.The age group from 49-60 months is the group most likely to be affected by Shigella.The results of determining some virulence factors indicated that all Shigella sonnei isolates possess the ability to form biofilms, and 93.3% of these isolates produce beta-lactamase.As for the ability of isolates to cause keratoconjunctivitis,the results showed that 80% of the isolates were positive for the sereny test, that is,it has the ability to cause the disease. The results of the study showed that all isolates were resistant to antibiotics Nalidixic acid and Co-trimoxazole, and 93.3% of the isolates were resistant to Penicillin.Antibiotics Chloramphenicol and Azithromycin showed a significant effect on Shigella isolates,as 93.3% of isolates were sensitive to these antibiotics.The antibiotic Ciprofloxacin showed an asymptotic inhibition to the antibiotics Chloramphenicol and Azithromycin, as the results showed that 86.6 isolates were sensitive to this antibiotic.Antibiotics of the third generation cephalosporins Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone,showed convergent effects in their ability to inhibit Shigella sonnei isolates, as the results showed that the isolates were sensitive to the antibiotics at a rate of 73.4% and 80% respectively.The percentage of isolates sensitive to the antibiotics Amikacin and Tetracycline were 40% and 46.7% respectively.
The Development and Psychometric Properties of Geriatric Existential Anxiety Scale Hemin Saadati; Bahman Bahmani
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15689

Abstract

Objective: The elderly is now struggling with various existential dimensions because they went through difficult life experiences. Due to the absence of any special tool to evaluate the dimensions of existential anxiety in the elderly, this study is aimed to develop a tool to study the dimensions of existential anxiety in the elderly and analyze its factors.Method: This research is a descriptive study, and its statistical population consists of the elderly (men and women) who are 60 years old and above and living in Tehran. In this study, 350 elderly people (male and female) were selected from this population using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research tools included the Existence Anxiety Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire, and Anxiety about Aging scale. The methods of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, criterion validity, and convergent validity and divergent validity were used to evaluate the validity of the scale. And its reliability was assessed by two methods of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and stability of results (retest) with an interval of two weeks.Results: The exploratory factor analysis with the principal component analysis method and Varimax rotation has led to the extraction of 4 factors. The indicators of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the existence of the four factors. It has indicated the acceptable correlations between the scale of Anxiety about Aging and its components with other valid parallel tools of criterion validity, convergent validity, and divergent validity of the scale. The reliability coefficients were obtained by the Cronbach’s alpha method and the retest reliability gained at a satisfactory level. Conclusion: The Anxiety about Aging scale is a valid and reliable self-assessment tool to evaluate the level of existential anxiety and its dimensions in the elderly, and it can be used for future activities and researches.
Study of Some Histopathological and Immunological Analysis in Patients with Chronic Tonsillitis Hetaf Shallal Farhan; Ahmed Sami Farhan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15690

Abstract

Several histopathological and immunological changes that occur in patients with palatine tonsillitis. Blood and tonsil samples were collected from patients with palatine tonsillitis and (healthy peoples) in Ramadi city. The results of histopathological analysis showed the percent of immunopositive cells for the proliferation marker was low while the percent of immunpositive cells for the apoptosis marker was high. Serum was used to know the effect of palatine tonsillitis on some assays CRP, RF, IL-6 and IgM. The results were showed the following: Significant increase in the levels of CRP and RF in patients compared with control group. Significant increase in the levels of IL-6 and IgM compared with control group. We conclude that patients in Ramadi city have several pathological changes in palatine tonsils.
Study Effect of Water Fenugreek Extraction to In Vitro Oocytes Maturation in Local Iraqi Ewe Imad Majeed Almeeni; Saad Akram Hatif; Souhayla O. Hussain; Sadeq Jaafer Zalzala; Ahmed Muhammed Mahdi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15691

Abstract

Dihydrotestosterone and Free/Total Prostatic Specific Antigen Ratio in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Prostatic Disease Lara Balasim Al-Dahy; Basil O. Mohammed; Saad Dakhil F. Daraji; Mazin M. Farhan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15692

Abstract

Background: Both benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (Pca) include prostate enlargement. The second most common cancer among men worldwide is prostate cancer. It has been documented that by the time they reach their 60s, most men will experience benign prostatic hyperplasia. There is a real difficulty differentiating between benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer, the prostatic specific antigen (PSA) is not used as a reliable marker of prostate cancer. It is a specific biomarker measure specific to prostate tissues and not prostate cancer. Aims In the analysis of the gray zone of tPSA (4-10 ng/ml), add these biochemical markers and differentiate the root cause of prostate tumor in order to minimize painful and intrusive prostate biopsy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional and case control study. It included 110 patients ages range (45-81 years) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n=55) and prostate cancer (n=55). Forty -five apparently healthy subjects were also included as controls. Peripheral blood samples from controls and patients were collected before obtaining a prostatic biopsy from patients. Serum samples were used for measurements of total Prostate Specific Antigen (tPSA), Free Prostate Specific Antigen (fPSA), and Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by using ELISA technique. Result: Mean (±SD) serum tPSA and fPSA values for Pca were substantially improved compared to both BPH and control (p=0.001 for all), while mean fPSA/tPSA values for PCa were significantly decreased compared to BPH and control values (p=0.001). In PCa, the mean +SD value of the DHT ratios was significantly lower than in each BHP, and controls (P<0.001) were significantly lower in PCa than in each BHP and regulation (P<0.001). The mean DHT values for BPH were significantly higher as compared to control values (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The level of serum tPSA is 4.2 ng/ml for prostate tumor screening, while 10.1 ng/ml for PCa and BPH differentiation.
The Role of oxLDL in Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Its Relationship with Thiol Homeostasis Layla Ali Shareef; Omeed Akbar Ali; Firas Shawqi Abdulrazzaq; Mehmet Akif Bozdayi; Rasha Raheem A. Alkarkoushi; Hasan Ulusal; Seyithan Taysi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15693

Abstract

Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR) affects about 9% of whole pregnancies.It is known that there is an increased risk of mortality and morbidity in infants.It is a serious disease that causes complications such as acute and chronic pulmonary diseases, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage and retinopathy in the future.We aimed to study the role of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL), which is an significant risk factor in cardiovascular diseases,in IUGR and its relationship with thiol homeostasis. 38 women with IUGR and 38 healthy pregnant were included in this study.Serum total thiol and native thiol levels were analyzed with fully automatic autoanalysers in patients and controls.Serum OxLDL levels were also measured by ELISA method. According to the results of the study,it was found that OxLDL was significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group(27.29±3.32 and 10.64±1.05 ng/mL,respectively,p <0.05).However, there was no significant difference between thiol parameters(p> 0.05).In addition, there was a negative correlation between oxLDL and native thiol and OxLDL and total thiol in the IUGR group. Oxidative stress is an important factor in the formation of OxLDL.OxLDL is an effective molecule in all stages of atherosclerosis. It appears that increased oxidative stress in IUGR patients increases OxLDL.Increased OxLDL in pregnancies complicated by IUGR may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease for both mother and fetus later in life.Therefore, developing treatment for OxLDL in IUGR patients may protect both mother and child from future dangers.
Effect of Sonchus oleracea Extract on Some Virulence Factor of Klebsiella pneumonia Which Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection in Ramadi Hospital Najeeb Mohammed Hussein; Rasool Ahmed Khalil; Ghashq Abdul Qadir Haqi Khali; Donia Kreem Mohammed Hamed
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15694

Abstract

Background: The plant contains vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, and some citrus and saponins. Medicalbenefits of wrapping Its medicinal benefits are attributed to the similarity between it and chicory Tonic andregulator of sugar level in The blood is a diuretic, a strong purgative, lowers the level of cholesterol in theblood and combats scurvy, as it is anthelmintic Methodology: Klebsiella bacteria were isolated from patientssuffering from urinary tract infections in Ramadi General Hospital in selective media (Maconkey Agar),four concentrations of the aqueous and alcoholic extract were made 10%, 20%, 30 % and 40% to test theeffectiveness of the extracts in inhibiting growth and virulence factors for bacteria. Result: the effect of theaqueous and alcoholic extracts of the Sonchus oleracea extract on the production of the biofilm of Klebsiellabacteria, where it was observed that there were significant differences in the concentrations of the aqueousand alcoholic extract in reducing the production of the biofilm of the bacteria, and the best concentration ofthe aqueous and alcoholic extract was 40%, where the biofilm concentration was 31 compared to the restof the concentrations 3%, 20% and 10%, where its concentration reached .55, .64, and .74, respectively,and compared to the control, where its concentration was .98%. It was not noted that there were significantdifferences between the concentrations of plant extracts and aqueous and alcoholic extract in Reducingbiofilm yield. conclusion the results explain that this plant has many It is one of the effective compoundssuch as vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, and some citrus and saponins. That destroy the cell wall and thusreduce the production of the biofilm and that these compounds increase by increasing the concentration ofplant extracts, and this explains the effect of the high concentration in reducing the production of the biofilm.

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