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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 500   501   502   503   504 
The Adverse Effect of Air Pollution with Polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) on 8-OXO-DG and gene expression (HOGG1) in Midland Refineries Company-Daura Refinery Workers Raghad H Al-Ani; Estabraq AR. Al-Wasiti
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15705

Abstract

Introduction: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of different kind of hazardous organic chemicals which are considered to be the top of pollutants that released by petroleum industries exploration activities to the environment. PAH Metabolites that affect initiation of cancer by reaction with DNA are practically modified chemically by enzymes. PAH Mutagenic metabolites include radical PAH cations, diol epoxides, and quinones. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mostly produce by routine oxidation processes in mitochondria is responsible for many types of DNA damage. The aim of study identify the DNA alteration due to air pollution by modulation of gene expression and regulatory gene Human 8-oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase (HOOG1) and association with 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxo-dg). Methods: there were 168 participants included in this study divided in three groups (control, office workers and in field workers) .PAH, 8-OXO-DG and gene expression (HOGG1) detected for each participant by GC/MS, competitive ELISA and quantitative-competitive reverse transcription-PCR respectively. Results: PAH were not detected in the blood of control group, and there was significant difference in the concentration of PAH between office and field workers. The concentration of (8-oxo DG) and (hOGG1) was significantly higher in field worker than in office worker and control group, significant difference was found between office workers and control. Discussion: It is observed that increased levels of PAH and its metabolites when exposed to polluted air. PAHs metabolism is associated with production of ROS as well as oxidative damaged. Among this damage, the most common lesion is (8-OHdG) .Increase in (8-OHdG) levels associated with increase oxidative stress and (HOGG1) gene. Conclusion: (a) increased PAH and its metabolites levels in serum causing high 8-OHdG and (HOGG1) expression levels in refineries workers (b) there is a correlation between 8-OHdG and hOGG1 expression with PAH.
Correlation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, and Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Buchari Buchari; Cut Murzalina; Nirwana Lazuardi Sary
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15706

Abstract

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Psychiatric Manifestations-A Consise Review Roshan Kumar Jha; Deepika Kanyal; Ritu Devi; Lata Kanyal Butola
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15707

Abstract

Vitamin B12 deficiency may contribute to the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders such as mental confusion, memory changes, cognitive slowing, mood disorder, violent behaviour, fatigue, delirium and paranoid psychosis. Vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in cell reproduction, normal erythropoiesis, nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis, normal growth, DNA synthesis, and one carbon metabolism. Vitamin B12 helps in synthesis of methionine from homocysteine and conversion of methylmalonylcoA to succinylcoA. Methionine is converted to SAM which donates its methyl group to myelin, membrane phospholipids and various neurotransmitters and free THF is liberated from N5 methyl THF which is used in synthesis of purine, pyrimidine and nucleic acid. An elevated level of Hcy as a neurotoxin was also shown to affect the redox signalling pathways in neurons through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in endogenous antioxidants. If patterns of DNA methylation in redox-related genes can modulate cognitive impairment caused by vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinaemia is therefore of interest, low levels of vitamin B12 can cause serious cognitive dysfunction. Psychiatric symptoms attributable to vitamin B12 deficiency have been described for decades. The earlier studies are for the most part in accord with more recent ones, despite being diagnostically less precise in psychological and hematologic terms. These symptoms tend to fall into many clinically distinct categories: slow cerebration; confusion; memory changes; delirium, with or without hallucinations and/or delusions; depression; acute psychotic states; and more rarely) reversible manic and schizophreniform states. In conclusion, psychiatric disorders can be rare manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency, which are reversible with therapy. Serum Vitamin B12 level should be checked in patients with psychiatric manifestations as it results in neuro psychiatric manifestations such as peripheral neuropathy, myeloneuropathy, cerebellar ataxia, optic atrophy, delirium, dementia, psychosis and mood disorders
Association between Physical Characteristics and Locomotive Syndrome in Elderly in Surabaya, Indonesia Benni Azhari; Imam Subadi; Patricia Maria Kurniawati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15709

Abstract

The locomotive syndrome (LS) is a condition of reduced mobility due to impairment of locomotive organ. The LS was screened by Lococheck in elderly population. Prior research has been shown that physical characteristic such as age, gender, body weight, body height and body mass index has correlation with mobility limitation in elderly. We aimed to asses if the physical characteristic in elderly is able to use as a screening tool for locomotive syndrome in Indonesia. To investigate the association between physical characteristic and locomotive syndrome in elderly. This study was an observational cross-sectional study. A total 63 participants (37 females and 27 males) age 60-78 years participated in this study. This study was conducted by filling the Lococheck Indonesian version and measuring physical characteristic (Age, gender, body weight, body height and body mass index). The correlation between the Lococheck Indonesian version with physical characteristic was analyzed using Kendall’s tau correlation test. Forty participant answer “yes” at least one item of the lococheck Indonesian version questionnaire. The lococheck result showed an insignificant correlation with age r<0.3 (0.01), p>0.05 (0.926), gender r<0.3 (0.061), p>0.05 (0.563), Body weight r<0.3 (0.061), p>0.05 (0.562), body height r<0.3 (-0.104), p>0.05 (0.328) and body mass index r<0.3 (0.122), p>0.05 (0.245). To sum up, these findings confirmed that no correlation between physical characteristic and locomotive syndrome in elderly
Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Patients: A Meta-Analysis Bestun Ibrahim Hama Rahim; Muhammed Babakir-Mina
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15711

Abstract

An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the causative agent is severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-Co-2). The virus spread quickly to other areas and countries and the disease has become pandemic. This meta-analysis study was carried out to evaluate the clinical characteristics and to assess the prevalence of comorbidities in COVID-19 confirmed patients from January 1, 2020 to December 1, 2020. Totally, 5580 cases were involved in this study, (55.2%) of them were males, the predominant clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients were fever, cough, and fatigue (61.9, 50.1%, and 34.1% respectively). The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes, as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (13.1%, 7.4 %, and 5.9% respectively). The majority of the patients in this study were male, the most prevalent signs and symptoms were fever, cough, and fatigue. The highly repeated comorbidities in the cases were hypertension, diabetes, also cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Lead in Painting Workers at Indonesia Land Transportation Manufacture Company Benny Dwi Prasetyo; Endang Dwiyanti
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15712

Abstract

Lead is widely used in various industrial purposes, one of which is in the paint industry. Lead plays an important role in the paint industry which functions as a coloring agent or known as pigment. Lead is a heavy metal whose benefit is unknown in the body. In fact, its existence in the body often causes toxic effects on health. In painting activities, lead can more easily interact and poison paint workers through inhalation, ingestion, and skin. Accute lead poisoning can result in haematological disorders. This study aimed to reveal the level of lead in the air in the painting area and to analyze the differences in lead and hemoglobin levels. This observational study used an analytic cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 2 groups, namely the study group (exposed group) and the control group (non-exposed group) as a comparison. The research subjects were 20 people consisting of 12 respondents from the exposed group and 8 respondents from the unexposed group.The results of this study indicate that the average exposure to lead levels in the air is0.06834 mg/m3. There was a difference between the lead levels of the exposed group and the unexposed group (sig: 0,00). And there was no difference between the hemoglobin levels of the both groups (sig: 0,349).
Using Sleman’s Verbal Autopsy Health and Demographic Surveillance Data to Distinguish Ways of Death Beta Ahlam Gizela; Idha Arfianti Wiraagni; Suhartini; Nurholis Majid Public
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15713

Abstract

Death can occur anywhere, with or without prior treatment by a healthcare professional. A good and complete death registry will meet the information needs. Such a registry will also enhance community safety efforts and policymaking in the health and population sectors. Analysis of risk factors, signs, and symptoms observed before death provides useful information for estimating diseases or causes of death. Verbal autopsy data must be explored in more depth to protect public law and improve health statistics.Methods: This research used observational design. Data obtained from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System of Sleman. Research subjects were all deaths recorded in verbal autopsy document from 2014-2018. Descriptive statistical analysis was used.Results: Differences in the proportion of gender from 2014-2017 were observed, where the number of women was higher than men. Most deaths were above 65 years of age. Most deaths were natural deaths. Unnatural deaths were caused by traffic accidents, drowning, murder, and others, with the most number of cases occurring in 2014 (12%). Indeterminate deaths occurred annually, with the most cases in 2017 (13%). Conclusions: Verbal autopsy has succeeded in distinguishing between natural and unnatural death.
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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15714

Abstract

T
Comparison of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on VO2max and Response Reaction Time in Basketball Referees Breklen Risal Ary Wibowo; Deandra Maharani Widiatmaja; Sakina; Abdurachman; Purwo Sri Rejeki
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15715

Abstract

The Response of Human Resources and Health Workers in the Surgical Operating Room Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Cipta Pramana; Kardoyo Kardoyo
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15716

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic that occurred around the world with infections that spread so fast has changed patterns of life, including social, economic, education, and health. The impact of the pandemic has changed the health system and requires new policies that can adapt to these conditions. K.R.M.T. WongsonegoroHospital, Semarang City, Indonesia, which is a referral hospital for Covid-19 patients, needs to prepare health infrastructure in COVID-19 services. We report the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical service activities and improving the quality of human resources, especially health workers in the Central Surgical Installation. The hospital is preparing a special operating room for COVID-19 patients so that it does not spread to health workers. There are 18 surgeons and 7 anesthetists. Assisted by 30 surgical nurses and 7 anesthetic nurses. Since the emergence of the COVID-19 case in Indonesia in March 2020, surgery is only carried out in emergency cases and has postponed elective surgery. So that there will be a 50% decrease in the number of surgical services in 2020 compared to 2019. Human resources involved in COVID-19 patient surgery activities must also be trained in knowledge in how to wear and remove Personal Protective Equipment, handling surgical linen and know the flow of patients into and out of the room surgery.

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