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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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An Observational Study of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine for Attenuating Haemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Intubation in Patients Undergoing General Anaesthesia Priya Kishnani; Sanam Shah; Jayshri Desai; Anuja Agrawal
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15898

Abstract

Background: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation alters cardiovascular physiology causinghypertension and tachycardia. Dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor produces analgesiaby direct activation of descending inhibitory pain pathway and inhibiting the release of substance P.Clonidine a centrally acting alpha 2 adrenergic agonist decreases central sympathetic nervous system in allhyperadrenergic situations. Hence we compare haemodynamic effects between dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcg/kg and clonidine 1mcg/kg during after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation for patients undergoing generalanaesthesia.Method: Patients were allocated randomly into 2 groups of 30 each. Group D received dexmedetomidine0.5mcg/kg diluted in 10ml NS and group C- clonidine 1 mcg/kg diluted in 10ml NS intravenously andhemodynamic parameters were observed. Dexmedetomidine/ Clonidine according to groups is givenintravenously with premedication. After 5 minutes patients were induced with 2.5% thiopentone 5-7 mg/kgand succinyl choline 2mg/kg and intubated with appropriate sized cuffed ETT. Anaesthesia was maintainedwith O2, N2O, isoflurane and vecuronium bromide 0.08mg/kg.Results: Haemodynamic changes after laryngoscopy and intubation were recorded at baseline, premedication,induction, intubation, 1, 3, 5,10 and 15 minutes. The initial fall in HR is more in Group C compared to GroupD but the difference was insignificant, but since intubation till 10min post intubation HR was significantly(p<0.05) supressed more in Group D. Similarly fall in SBP and DBP is significantly (p<0.05) more in GroupD compared to Group C.Conclusion: Dexmedetomedine 0.5 mcg/kg intravenously 15 minutes prior to laryngoscopy and intubationattenuates the sympathetic response better as compared to clonidine without major side effects.
Social Support from Family and Peers in Elderly as Effort in Improving the Psychological Well-being during Covid-19 Pandemicat Surabaya Pipit Festi Wiliyanarti; Mundakir
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15899

Abstract

Social support is important in improving the health of the elderly. The spread of Covid-19 can reduce thephysical and mental condition of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to analyze the social support offamily and fellow elderly in the elderly as an effort to improve their psychological well-being during theCovid-19 period.This research was a survey research, based on its character, it is an analytical description with a crosssectional design. The population is all elderly in Surabaya and Madura areas.The sample was 305 partlyelderly from 3 cities of Surabaya, Pamekasan, and Sumenep chosen through random sampling technique. Theindependent variable wassocial support, which is the social support from family and friends, while thedependent variable wasthe level of psychological well-being of the elderly. The research instrument indetermining thesocial support from family, the social support from peer and the level of psychological wellbeingwas questionnaire. Meanwhile, the data analysis was conducted by using logistic regression.The results of peer support obtained p = 0.127; Family support obtained p = 0.000;Rsquare was 0.080,indicating that the family social support affected the psychological well-being of the elderly. It is expectedthatthe elderly can improve their health during the Covid-19 pandemic by carrying out positive activities bothat home and in the community. Family support and health services for the elderly are needed in improvingthe psychological well-being of the elderly. Psychological well-being must always be improved so that thehealth of the elderly can be achieved and the elderly can pass through the pandemic well. This requiresgovernment participation and policies to make it happen.
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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15900

Abstract

B
Pseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes Caused Otogenic Cerebellar Brain Abscess In Indonesian Child Prastiya Indra Gunawan; Achmad Chusnu Romdhoni
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15901

Abstract

Otogenic brain abscess is a common intracranial complication from chronic supurative otitis media.Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes is a rare cause of brain abscess. Prompt diagnosis and decision making issignificant in order to decrease the mortality rate from this type of abscess. We described A 13-year-old boypresented with decreased consciousness, positive meningeal signs, and pathological reflexes. There was ahistory of chronic suppurative otitis media. A head CT scan revealed multiple left cerebellar abscesses andbrain edema. The abscess wall culture revealed P. pseudoalcaligenes. After being managed with surgicalabscess drainage, mastoidectomy, ear flushing, and antimicrobial therapy for six weeks, his consciousnesslevel improved. Cerebellar neurological impairment was still observed. Physical and neurologicalrehabilitation was performed in order to improve the patient’s condition.
Dermatosis in Patients with Hemiplegia and Paraplegia Osama Mohammed; Aied Mutob Turki; Saad Jwad Jasim
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15904

Abstract

Objectives: To analyze the significant occurance of dermatosis among patients with hemiplegia, paraplegiacompared with other patients attending dermatology department as a control group as outpatients orinpatients.Study design an open prospective case control study.Patients and Methods: This is an open , comparative controlled investigative study conducted in Dijlahhospital of rehablitaion , enrolled 43 hemiplegic patient, 21 paraplegic patient and 65 persons as a controlpatients, between Nov. 2018 –30th June 2019. The total numbers was 129 , 91(70.5%) male patients and38 (29.5%) female patients were . The data collection tools included designed closed and open-endedquestionnaire, by using direct interviewing, and physical examination by the researcher.Results: The most common diseases that statically significant difference were as follows : Unilateral xerosiswas found in hemiplegic group 5(11.6%) cases and this was significant (P=0.04) compared to control group. Bilateral xerosis was significant among paraplegic group : 6 (28.6%) compared to 4(6.2%) among controlgroup (P=0.04 ). Unilateral exogenous eczema was found in hemiplegic patients 5(11.6%) and this wassignificant (P = 0.04) related to control group. Seborrheic dermatitis was statistically significant in paraplegicgroup 6 (28.6%) compared to 7 (10.8%) of control group. Unilateral fungal infection (Taenia paedis) washighly significant among hemiplegic group 15(34.9%) compared to 4(6.2%) control group with P value= 0.05). Bilateral fungal infection was also highly significant for paraplegic group 13(61.9%) comparedto 2(3.1%) for control group with (P value = 0.05. Unilateral bacterial infection was statically significantamong hemiplegic group 10(23.3%) compared to 5(7.7%) for control group with (Pvalue = 0.05 ) Bilateralbacterial infection was highly significant among paraplegic group 8(38.1%) compared to control 4(6.2%)with (P value = 0.05 ) . compared with control group in fungal, bactrial and xerosis , while other dermatosisas eczema , seborrheic dermatitis , psoriasis, lichen planus and viral Infection not significantly differ. Conclusion: Unilateral dermatosis significantly differs in patients with hemiplegia compared to controlgroup in fungal , bacterial and xerosis and exogenous eczema. Bilateral dermatosis significantly differsin patients with paraplegia compared to control Group in fungal, bacterial and xerosis and Seborrheicdermatitis. while other dermatosis as psoriasis , lichen planus and viral Infection not significantly differ.
Ecological Analysis of Diabetes Mellitusin Indonesia Oskar Renagalih Amarta; Djazuly Chalidyanto; Agung Dwi Laksono
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15905

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a dangerous disease and often causes complications. The study aims to analyzeecologically the factors related to the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia. The study was designedwith an ecological analysis approach, using secondary data from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Surveycovering all provinces as samples. The dependent variable is the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Theindependent variable is the prevalence of obesity nutritional status according to BMI in the adult population(aged >18 years), the proportion of less physical activity in the population aged >10years, the proportion ofsweet drink consumption habits in the population >3 years old more than once per day and the percentage ofpoor people. Data were analyzed using the scatter plot.The results showed that the higher the prevalence ofobesity nutritional status according to BMI in the adult population, the higher the proportion of less physicalactivity, and the higher the proportion of sweet drink consumption habits in the population more than onceper day, the higher the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Conversely, the higher the percentage of poor people,the lower the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The study concluded that the four independent variables testedtend to relate to the prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
Relationship between Procrastination and Academic Performance, Gender, Internal Housing among A Group of Undergraduate Dental Students in Misan-Iraq Ousama Ibrahim; Mustafa M. Al-Yassiry; Farah K. Aloraibi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15906

Abstract

This study focuses on exploring the relationship between the academic procrastination and academicachievements for this study a survey was conducted on 132 students from first, fourth and fifth yearundergraduate dental students of Missan (government) & Almanara (private) universities, in Missan province-Alamara/Iraq. The present study investigate their academic procrastination and base it on various factorssuch as: gender, accommodation type, academic performance, procrastinator type, and year of study utilizingfrom Tuckman procrastination scale1, the study results were split into two parts. For Al-Manara collegeuniversity (private) first year dental students was the dominant high procrastinators student type associatedwith the low levels of academic performance and getting better grades when the procrastination stage ismoderate or low. While the Missan University (government) present the greatest of moderate procrastinatorin two different study stages of dental college (first, fourth and fifth year) coupled with significantly higherin the academic scores for low and moderate procrastinator students2.
Use of an Individualized Relaxation Technique Using Raga Darbari for Rehabilitation of Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report Pallavi Rameshwar Palaskar; Namrata Sant
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15907

Abstract

Introduction:- A 14 years old male child with spinal cord injury faced great difficulties during transitionand walking with HKFO and walker due to autonomic dysreflexia.Methods: - A child with thoracic D3-D9 spinal cord injury was included in the study .After dischargefrom hospital; he came to physiotherapy OPD regularly. He had achieved sitting with support by 9-10weeks, floor to bed transitions by 11-12 weeks, sit to stand with HKAFO with walker and parallel bar by 12weeks, walking with walker with HKFO (indoor) BY 13 weeks. During the transitions he was suffering fromraised blood pressures and palpitation and flushes. Fluctuation in vitals indicated episodes of autonomicdysreflexia. But day by day he was having less tolerance to therapy and he had started losing confidencein performing transitions and wheel chair rehabilitation, an individualized relaxation therapy Raga Darbariof Indian classical music in instrumental form of FLUTE to induce relaxation in him. Post physiotherapyand post transitions, child was given relaxation for 20-25 minutes and vitals were recorded pre and postrelaxation therapy on day 1 and after last session of 4 weeks of relaxation therapy.Results: - Post 4 weeks of relaxation therapy the child has more stable vital parameters after the transitions,gait training. Frequency of episodes of autonomic dysreflexia was also reduced.Conclusion:- An individualized relaxation therapy using Raga Darbari of Indian Classical music in theinstrumental form has given satisfactory results for autonomic dysreflexia
Classification Fertility Preference among Married Woman in East Java, Indonesia Using Naive Bayes Classification Rhea Rahma Adelina; Diah Indriani; Kuntoro
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15908

Abstract

Fertility preference have an important role in achieving birth rates. According to the most recent IndonesianDemography and Health Survey, 2017, total fertility rate in east java has reached target of 2.1 children butthe desired birth rate has increased from 2.0 to 2.1 children. This study examines classification of fertilitypreference in east java, Indonesia using Naïve Bayes. Data come from Indonesia Demography and HealthSurvey (IDHS) 2017, which limited on 2569 married woman in east java. The findings show married womanthat have opportunity to having child again which have secondary complete education, work but have beenout for less than 7 days, have middle wealth index, stay in rural, have age between 25 – 34 old, have moreboys than girl and not using contraception.
Neonatal Asphyxia as a Risk Factor for Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Indonesian Children Ratna Anggraeni; Wijana; Pudyastuti Rachyanti
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15909

Abstract

Background: Neonatal Asphyxia is one of the risk factors for hearing loss in children. Neonatal Asphyxiacauses cochlear damage due to lack of oxygenation and tissue perfusion which can lead to cell death.Objective: Determining the risk of Neonatal Asphyxia for the occurrence of sensorineural hearing lossin children. Methods: A case control study was done between July to September 2020. Children withsensorineural hearing loss are on study group and the control group is children with normal hearing.Participants were measured for previous labor history based on medical records that confirmed asphyxia.Participants were also examined for DPOAE and ABR / BERA. The measurement results were analyzedusing the Chi-Square test, which was significant if p <0.05. Results: Most participants aged 2-3 yearsexperienced hearing loss (65.96%) and normal (68.08%; p = 0.835). Participants of sensorineural hearingloss with Neonatal Asphyxia (57.4%) were more than non- Neonatal Asphyxia (42.6%; OR = 1.82; 95% CI0.81 - 4.13; p = 0.149). Conclusion: Neonatal Asphyxia increases the risk of sensorineural hearing loss by1.82 times compared to children without Neonatal Asphyxia.

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