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Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Published by Universitas Djuanda Bogor
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27226395     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30997/ijar.v1i3
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR), e-ISSN 2722-6395 is high quality open access peer reviewed research journal that is published by Universitas Djuanda (UNIDA). IJAR dedicated to publish significant research findings in the field of Applied Sciences, Engineering &Technology. We welcome original empirical research articles with novel perspectives and/or methodological approaches that would appeal to an international readership. We do not accept unsolicited conceptual and theoretical papers. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and others interested in state-of-the art research activities in Applied Sciences, which covers four (2) majors areas of research that includes Applied Sciences, Engineering &Technology. The journal was first published in April 2020 and published every April, August and December.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 132 Documents
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Risk Mitigation of Oyster Mushroom Production and Distribution Using Method Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Himmatul Miftah; Siti Rapigah; Syaima Lailatul Mubarokah; Siti Masithoh; Riny Kusumawati; Ikhsan Qodri Pramartaa
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v6i3.748

Abstract

The production process of making raw materials for horticultural commodities has various risks, both internal and external, and if it occurs, it will hinder the company's goals. This research aims to analyse and measure risks in the production and distribution of oyster mushrooms and determine actions to mitigate risks. The research method used purposive and snowball sampling. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis through interviews and quantitatively through risk analysis and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods. The study results indicated that risks occur from the nursery stage to distribution to consumers. Risk mapping that needs to be watched out for: Mucor spp disease, baglogs attacked by crepe pests, damaged baglogs in the incubation section, and incorrect and irregular watering and fertilization. The risks in distribution analysed are the risk of heavy losses, physical damage, and unsold goods. The most significant risks in the distribution process were heavy losses and physical damage to mushrooms at the farmer level during the sorting process, and physical damage at the retailer level during the sorting process due to the presence of old, wet, and yellowing mushrooms, as well as unsold mushrooms. Production is mitigated by cleaning around the mushroom house, burning diseased baglogs, arranging baglog entry and exit times to facilitate the sorting process, and implementing routine work direction and evaluation. Mitigation of unsold risks during distribution: making a purchasing plan according to previous sales results, selling remaining mushrooms at a lower price than the purchase price, and using PBP and VBP packaging.
Kinetics of Changes in Free Fatty Acids in Cassava Crackers (Kecimpring) Enriched with Catfish and Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) Leaves During Storage Muhammad Rifqi; Irma Siti Marhamah; Faridah Handayasari; Siti Nurhalimah
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v6i3.742

Abstract

Cassava crackers, also known as kecimpring, are a traditional Indonesian snack that is low in protein but high in carbohydrates. Researchers have explored fortifying these crackers with catfish to enhance their nutritional value and increase their protein content. However, the high fat content in catfish can increase overall lipid levels in the crackers, making them more susceptible to oxidation during storage. Using the Arrhenius model, this study aimed to evaluate the kinetics of free fatty acid (FFA) formation in fortified cassava crackers. The enriched product, which included catfish and Centella asiatica leaves, was stored at temperatures of 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C for 28 days in polypropylene packaging that is 0.4 mm thick. FFA levels were measured at 7-day intervals. The results revealed an activation energy (Ea) of 54.01 kJ/mol, indicating that higher storage temperatures accelerate lipid hydrolysis and FFA accumulation. These findings suggested that controlling the storage temperature was crucial to maintaining the quality and stability of fortified cassava crackers.
Effectiveness of Diets Incorporating Nano-Zeolite and Urea-Impregnated Nano-Zeolite on Fermentation Efficiency in Rumen Fluid In Vitro Dede Kardaya; Pia Nurmala Dewi; Deden Sudrajat; Dewi Wahyuni; Ikhsan Qodri Pramartaa; Ruslan Abdul Gopar; Windu Negara; Raden Siti Nurlaela
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v6i3.767

Abstract

Zeolite had been widely investigated in animal feed for its ability to improve feed efficiency and reduce ammonia emissions, and nano-zeolite offered greater adsorption capacity due to its expanded surface area. This study evaluated the effects of nano-zeolite supplementation on ammonia (NH₃), volatile fatty acids (VFA), the VFA/NH₃ ratio, and pH during in vitro rumen fermentation. A two-factor randomized block design (6 × 6) with four replicates was used. Incubation time (2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h) served as the first factor, and six dietary treatments served as the second factor: control, urea-supplemented concentrate, inactivated nano-zeolite, activated nano-zeolite, urea-impregnated inactivated nano-zeolite, and urea-impregnated activated nano-zeolite. Nano-zeolite, whether active or urea-impregnated, did not significantly improve rumen fermentation efficiency based on NH₃, VFA, or VFA/NH₃ ratio. All nano-zeolite diets performed similarly to the control and urea-only diets. Fermentation efficiency peaked at 4 and 8 hours of incubation, indicating that nano-zeolite combined with urea supported stable fermentation, particularly during early to mid-incubation.
Potential of Kersen Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura L) and Basil Leaf Extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) as Natural Antibacterial Candidates against Salmonella typhi Mustika Weni; Sri Marfuati; Hikmah Fitriani
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v6i3.771

Abstract

Salmonella typhi remains a global health issue with rising antibiotic resistance, necessitating alternative natural therapies. Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves contain bioactive compounds with antibacterial potential. The purpose of this research was to examine the antibacterial activity of kersen and basil leaf ethanol extracts against Salmonella typhi at various concentrations. The research applied an experimental Post-Test Only Control Group Design. Antibacterial activity assessment was performed using the well diffusion method with varying extract concentrations of 20%, 35%, 45%, 50%, and 75%. Data analysis was performed using the Shapiro–Wilk test was used to examine data normality, while group differences were evaluated with the Kruskal–Wallis non-parametric test. Kersen extract contained saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids; basil extract contained phenolics, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids. Both showed concentration-dependent inhibition. At 75%, inhibition zones reached 13.15 mm (strong), while the lowest were 4.70 mm (kersen, weak) and 7.30 mm (basil, moderate). Negative control showed no activity. Statistical test p=0.005 confirmed significant differences between groups. Ethanol extracts of kersen and basil leaves possess significant antibacterial activity against S. typhi, supporting their potential as natural phytotherapeutics for typhoid.
Antibacterial Activity of Mango Gedong Gincu Peel Fraction in Inhibiting the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus Rama Samara Brajawikalpa; Robi'atul 'Adawiyah
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v6i3.773

Abstract

Gedong Gincu Mango peel (Mangifera indica L.) contains a variety of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids. These compounds play a crucial role in self-defence and exhibit significant pharmacological activity, particularly as antibacterial agents. The purpose of this study is to identify the content of secondary metabolite compounds of each fraction based on its polarity properties, and to determine the inhibitory power of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 bacteria. This study is experimental research with a post-test only control group. This study used 2 control groups and 12 treatment groups consisting of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions with concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50% respectively and repeated 3 times. The antibacterial test was carried out by the well diffusion method, which was repeated 3 times on the MHA medium, and the inhibition zone was measured. The study showed that the n-hexane fraction contained alkaloids, steroids, and saponins, while the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, and phenolics. A 50% concentration produced the greatest inhibition zone in all fractions, with mean values of 8.05 mm (moderate) for n-hexane, 15.41 mm (strong) for ethyl acetate, and 12.16 mm (strong) for butanol. The 50% ethyl acetate fraction was the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.
Phytochemical and Profiling of Bioactive Compounds from Beneng Taro (Xanthosoma undipes) Using Chromatography-Spectrometry Method Yuniarsih, Eko; Trisnawati, Desi; Saepudin, Aang Asep; Maulani, Tuti Rostianti; Rahmawati, Dian Suci; Lanita; Jufrinaldi; Indrawati, Wiwik
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v7i1.689

Abstract

Beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes K. Koch) was one of the local taro varieties originating from Pandeglang, Banten, characterized by its yellow color and potential as a source of bioactive components. This study aimed to identify bioactive components in the form of secondary metabolite profiles in Beneng taro using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS) and to evaluate its antioxidant activity. The study consisted of several stages, namely sample preparation, extraction using ethanol and aquadest solvents, and characterization, including the determination of total flavonoid and phenolic contents, antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, and LC MS/MS profiling. The Beneng taro extract obtained using ethanol contained total flavonoids and phenolics of 34.64 mg QE/g and 3.78 mg GAE/g, respectively, which were higher than those of the aquadest extract, with total flavonoid and phenolic contents of 1.92 mg QE/g and 2.14 mg GAE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activity analysis showed that the ethanol extract exhibited stronger activity than the aquadest extract, with IC₅₀ values of 197.2 ppm and 227.5 ppm, respectively. LC-MS/MS profiling revealed 20 compounds in the ethanol extract and 15 compounds in the aquadest extract, which potentially possessed antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiabetic activities. These results suggested that Beneng taro had potential for development as an ingredient in food products.
Banana Endophytic Fungi Producing Antagonistic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Bioactive Metabolites Aji, Oktira Roka; Putri, Diah Asta; Yuliani, Ririn Kholifatu; Ilma, Nur Malika; Astuti, Sutan Nur Chamida Tri
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v7i1.721

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and the environmental hazards associated with synthetic agrochemicals have intensified the search for natural bioactive agents. This study isolated and identified endophytic fungi from banana (Musa spp.) and evaluated their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaf and stem tissues using a surface-sterilization method, followed by culture purification. Antagonistic activity was assessed through dual culture assays, while molecular identification was performed using ITS rDNA sequencing. Five isolates were obtained, and isolate J2 exhibited clear antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum. Sequence analysis showed that J2 is closely related to Talaromyces aculeatus. Fungal metabolites were extracted using methanol and ethyl acetate, and the extracts were tested for antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), total phenolic content, and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The methanol extract exhibited stronger antioxidant activity (IC₅₀: 3285.41 ± 80.06 ppm), while the ethyl acetate extract showed higher phenolic content (45.04 ± 9.02 mg GAE/g) and superior antibacterial effects. These results highlight T. aculeatus as a promising natural source of multifunctional bioactive compounds.
Chili Seed (Capsicum frutescens) Viability Using Radical Emergence with Correlation to Germination Undang; Nurhosiah, F; Setyono; Yuliawati
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v7i1.817

Abstract

Chili peppers are a very popular horticultural commodity among Indonesians. The high demand for chili peppers in Indonesia has led to a continuous increase in chili production, making them a valuable commodity. This is due to their distinctive flavor and limited availability. This study aimed to determine the effect of genotype on root emergence time, which correlates with growth capacity and can be used to estimate seed quality. The experiment was designed using a completely randomized design. This study used 10 chili pepper genotypes with 3 replications, resulting in 30 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 25 seeds, resulting in 750 observation units. The observed variables include seed testing in the laboratory: radicle emergence (RE), mean germination time (MGT), germination power (GP), maximum growth potential (MGP), sprout growth rate (SGR), growth speed (GS), uniformity of growth (UG), dry weight of normal sprouts (DWNS), vigor index (VI) and greenhouse testin: seed germination (SG). The results of the radicle emergence test had a very strong positive correlation with seed viability and seed vigor tests, namely GP (r = 0.809), RE (r = 0.895), and UG (r = 0.877). However, RE has a weak correlation with SG (r = 0.138) in the field. Chili seed testing using the radicle emergence test method is carried out by counting the number of radicles that emerge after 120 hours (5 days) of germination. This method is faster than the germination test, which takes 14 days.
Identification and Assessment of Food Safety Risk in Betutu Chicken Products Retort Pouches Packaged Indriyani, Siti Patimah; Setyaningsih, Dwi; Hardjomidjojo, Hartrisari
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v7i1.825

Abstract

Retort pouch of betutu chicken products have the potential to be an export product, oriented towards expanding Indonesian culture in the form of traditional food. Commercial sterile food products are included in the high-risk category, so food safety risk control needs to be carried out in accordance with the BPOM Regulation Number 10 of 2023 concerning the Implementation of the Risk Management Program (RMP). This study aims to analyze the food safety risks of the retort pouch Betutu Chicken production of Mustafafood Indonesia MSMEs, and determine critical control points. The approach employed in this study was descriptive qualitative, utilizing the hazard analysis method and decision tree. The processes identified as having significant hazards included raw material receiving, sterilization, cooling shock and product quarantine. The critical control points in the production betutu chicken retort pouch were raw material receiving with chemical hazards (heavy metals), as well as the sterilization process, associated with biological hazards (C.botulinum). The control measures implemented for the receipt of raw materials and cooking process comprised the use of metal detectors. For the sterilization process, control was exercised through process monitoring focusing on critical limits and validation of heat adequacy values.
Longevity and Recovery Rate of Indonesian Local Ram Spermatozoa in Homemade and Commercial Extenders Kamal, Lutfhi Annisa; Agil, Muhammad; Said, Syahruddin; Nugraha, Taufiq Purna; Arifiantini, Raden Iis
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v7i1.827

Abstract

Sheep farming plays a crucial role in Indonesia's livestock industry; however, the effectiveness of artificial insemination (AI) is hindered by the less-than-ideal quality of cryopreserved semen. This research assessed the longevity and progressive motility recovery rate (RR) of frozen semen from local Indonesian rams, using a homemade Tris egg yolk (TEY) extender and three commercial extenders (AndroMed®, Steridyl®, BoviFree®). Semen from three rams (Batur, Garut, and Sakub) was processed, frozen in 0.25 mL straws (50 × 10⁶ sperm per straw), and its quality was evaluated using CASA. Longevity was monitored hourly from 0 to 4 h at 37°C. The data were analyzed using a Randomized Block Design with ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Sperm motility decreased over incubation time for all extenders, with notable differences at 4 h (total motility, p = 0.017; progressive motility, p = 0.023). Commercial extenders preserved higher total and progressive motility than TEY, with Steridyl® showing the highest mean RR (64.11%; mean all rams; RR analysis, n = 18), significantly outperforming Andromed®, BoviFree®, and TEY (p = 0.007). The superior results of Steridyl® align with its low-density lipoprotein content, which stabilizes the sperm membranes during cryopreservation. In summary, Steridyl® was the most effective extender for maintaining motility and RR of frozen semen from local Indonesian rams, potentially enhancing AI success in small ruminant programs.

Page 13 of 14 | Total Record : 132

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