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INDONESIA
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Published by IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2747139X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Education, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Neuroscience Social Sciences Other
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education disseminates knowledge about Business, Law, and Education that useful to academics, educators, scholars, managers, practitioners, policy makers, consumers, and other stakeholders all around the world.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 858 Documents
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The Effect of Environmental Turbulence, Competitive Strategy, Dynamic Capability, and Organizational Learning on Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Business in Creative Industry Mislan Sihite; Acep Fatchuroji; Syamsu Rijal
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1454

Abstract

The paper investigates the roles of environmental turbulence, competitive strategy, dynamic capability, and organizational learning in the creative sector in relation to sustainable competitive advantage. The creative sector operates in a highly dynamic environment, with technological advancements, changing consumer tastes, and other factors, making it difficult for organizations in the sector to maintain long-term competitiveness in the market. A quantitative explanatory model was used in the research to investigate the proposed relationships between the components of the conceptual framework. A sample of the target population was selected using a structural equation model in order to analyze the impact of the components of the model in determining sustainable competitive advantage in the creative sector. The research results show that organizations in the creative sector are positively affected by environmental turbulence with respect to competitive strategy, dynamic capability, and organizational learning. Dynamic capability, competitive strategy, and organizational learning have a significant positive impact on sustainable competitive advantage with dynamic capability having the highest impact. Therefore, organizations in the creative sector can maintain sustainable competitive advantage under turbulence if they are capable of adopting dynamic strategies, possessing dynamic capabilities, and improving.
The Effect of Brand Image, Social Media Marketing, Customer Engagement, and Service Quality on Purchase Intention Abdul Mu'is; Asep Dana Saputra
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1455

Abstract

This paper sets out to investigate the influence of brand image, social media marketing, customer engagement, and service quality on purchase intention. For the collection of data, the quantitative research approach with an explanatory model was adopted. The findings from the multiple regressions revealed the positive impacts of social media marketing, customer engagement, service quality, and brand image on the purchase intention. It was revealed that the service quality exerts the strongest positive influence, followed by customer engagement, brand image, and then social media marketing. It may be concluded that the purchase intentions of the consumers have been affected not only by the promotional activities conducted by the organizations, along with the perceptions based on the marketing, but by the service quality, as well. This paper helps to bridge the existing gaps in the marketing literature by providing an empirical determination regarding the impacts exerted by the combination of marketing, digital marketing, consumer engagement, and service quality, and hence helps the marketers by providing practical knowledge for developing appropriate strategies for the enhancement of the consumers' purchase intentions.
The Role of Omni-Channel Marketing, Personalization, Customer Experience, and Brand Trust on Repurchase Intention Fahad Ramadhan
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1456

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of omni-channel marketing, personalization, customer experience, and brand trust on repurchase intention. The research employed a quantitative approach using explanatory research design to examine the relationships among the variables. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to consumers who had experience purchasing products or services through integrated online and offline channels. A total of 230 valid responses were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of IBM SPSS Statistics. The findings reveal that omni-channel marketing, personalization, customer experience, and brand trust have positive and significant effects on repurchase intention, both partially and simultaneously. Among the independent variables, customer experience was identified as the most dominant factor influencing repurchase intention. The results indicate that consumers are more likely to make repeat purchases when companies provide seamless channel integration, personalized services, satisfying experiences, and trustworthy brand performance. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination shows that the four variables collectively explain a substantial proportion of the variation in repurchase intention. This study contributes to the development of marketing management literature by providing empirical evidence regarding the importance of integrated customer relationship strategies in the digital era. The findings also offer practical implications for businesses to improve customer retention by enhancing omni-channel systems, delivering personalized interactions, creating positive customer experiences, and strengthening brand trust.
From Formal Recognition to Effective Access: Regulatory Gaps in the Driving Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Indonesia Ajeng Zatalini Alfiyah Hadi; Moh. Fadli; Shinta Hadiyantina
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1457

Abstract

The right to drive for persons with disabilities is not merely an administrative entitlement attached to a driver’s license; it is a practical component of the right to mobility, independent living, and equal participation. Indonesia has formally recognized this right through the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), Law No. 8 of 2016 on Persons with Disabilities, and Law No. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation, including the recognition of Class D and D1 driving licenses. Nevertheless, formal recognition has not been matched by operational norms that enable the right to be exercised safely and equally. This article analyzes the regulatory gaps surrounding the driving rights of persons with disabilities in Indonesia through the lenses of Amartya Sen’s capability approach to justice and the doctrine of legal certainty. Using normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative-supportive approaches, the study examines Indonesian legislation, implementing regulations, international human rights instruments, and relevant legal scholarship. The findings show that the central problem is not the absence of recognition but the incompleteness of implementation: Indonesia lacks comprehensive national standards for adaptive vehicles, disability-responsive driver’s license procedures, and inclusive road-safety mechanisms. These gaps produce legal uncertainty, procedural inequality, and capability deprivation by limiting the real freedom of persons with disabilities to drive independently, safely, and with dignity. The article argues that regulatory reform should shift from declaratory recognition toward enforceable technical standards, functional competence-based licensing, and disability-inclusive safety governance.
Witness Qualification and Quantification in Sexual Jarimah under Aceh Qanun: A Fiqh Jinayah Perspective on Mahkamah Syar’iyyah Banda Aceh Decisions Isfahani Azmil Aziz; Siti Rohmah
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1460

Abstract

This article examines the qualification and quantification of witness testimony in sexual jarimah adjudication under Aceh’s special criminal law regime, particularly Qanun Aceh No. 6 of 2014 on Jinayat and Qanun Aceh No. 7 of 2013 on Jinayat Procedure. The analysis focuses on zina, liwāṭ, musāḥaqah, khalwat and ikhtilāṭ through a normative-juridical and case-law reading of Mahkamah Syar’iyyah Banda Aceh decisions. The revised coding available in the manuscript covers fifteen decisions with complete witness-count data, while the broader corpus described by the author refers to sixteen decisions; the remaining decision should be completed before final submission. The findings show that most coded decisions did not satisfy the four-witness evidentiary threshold associated with zina in classical fiqh jinayah and in Article 182 of Qanun Aceh No. 7 of 2013. Judicial reasoning instead relied heavily on defendants’ confessions, corroborative witness statements, electronic evidence and physical indications. This evidentiary pattern raises a doctrinal tension between positive jinayat procedure, classical safeguards against qadhf, and contemporary due-process concerns, especially where co-defendants or alleged participants function as “crown witnesses” while simultaneously occupying the position of maqdhūf ʿalayh. The article argues that Aceh’s jinayat evidentiary framework requires doctrinal clarification and regulatory harmonisation, particularly after the later enactment of Qanun Aceh No. 12 of 2025 amending Qanun Aceh No. 6 of 2014 and Law No. 20 of 2025 on the new Criminal Procedure Code. The contribution of the study lies in identifying a specific normative gap: the four-witness rule is expressly articulated for zina but not equivalently operationalised for liwāṭ, even though several juristic traditions analogise liwāṭ to zina through qiyās.
How digital storytelling builds visit intention in Jakarta's heritage tourism destinations: The mediating role of destination brand attitude.: Digital storytelling and visit intention in Jakarta's heritage tourism Ratih Nur Setyaningsih; Zulham Dwi Pratikto
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education (on progres)
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i2.1539

Abstract

Digital storytelling has become a key strategy for strengthening the competitiveness of heritage tourism destinations in the digital era. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which digital storytelling influences tourists' visit intention remain insufficiently explored. This research investigates the interrelationships among digital storytelling, destination brand awareness, perceived authenticity, destination brand attitude, and visit intention within Jakarta's heritage tourism destinations. Data were collected from 164 visitors through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings indicate that digital storytelling, destination brand awareness, and perceived authenticity significantly enhance destination brand attitude but have no direct effect on visit intention. Instead, destination brand attitude fully mediates these relationships and is the strongest predictor of visit intention (β = 0.700). The model explains 74.9% of destination brand attitude and 62.1% of visit intention, highlighting the importance of destination branding in encouraging tourists' behavioral intentions.
Employee Performance: A Study of the Impact of Incentives and Work Discipline Reka Ardian Purnama; Asep Achmad Rifa'i; Irman Firmansyah; Raden Rijanto
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education (on progres)
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i2.1546

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of incentives and work discipline on employee performance in companies engaged in export and import. The research design used a quantitative survey method by estimating response data from 122 respondents as a research sample selected based on purposive sampling technique. The data analysis method uses instrument validity and reliability tests, as well as collinearity tests estimated by adopting a multiple linear regression model, with predictive power evaluated at the R2 criterion. The significance test of partial and simultaneous effects is evaluated by applying the t-statistic and F-statistic criteria >1,96, at an alpha of 0,05. The research findings confirm that incentives and work discipline have a positive and significant impact on employee performance in this sector, both partially and simultaneously. Incentives and work discipline can jointly explain variance in employee performance, with strong predictive power, but the contribution of work discipline is more dominant. These findings provide valuable insights that can fill the existing gap. Expanding the parameters of work discipline, which must be strictly enforced, can have a more effective and significant impact on employee performance.
Recovering Proceeds of Corruption Through Non-Conviction-Based Asset Forfeiture: A Procedural Model for Indonesia’s Attorney General’s Office Muhamad Al Fajar; Fachrizal Afandi; Bambang Sugiri
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education (on progres)
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i2.1548

Abstract

Indonesia’s asset-recovery regime remains fragmented and predominantly dependent on criminal conviction, even though corruption proceeds may be transferred, concealed, dissipated, or held by third parties before a final judgment is obtained. This study examines how non-conviction-based asset forfeiture (NCBAF) can be incorporated into Indonesia’s legal system without weakening due-process guarantees. It applies normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Primary materials include the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), Indonesian anti-corruption and prosecutorial legislation, the Swiss Criminal Code and Foreign Illicit Assets Act, and Part 5 of the United Kingdom’s Proceeds of Crime Act 2002. The analysis shows that the United Kingdom provides a distinct civil-recovery route based on property obtained through unlawful conduct and adjudicated on the balance of probabilities, while Switzerland combines criminal-law confiscation provisions, value-based claims, presumptions concerning criminal organisations, and a special regime for illicit assets of foreign politically exposed persons. Indonesia already recognises limited civil actions, reversal of the evidential burden, confiscation, and prosecutorial asset-recovery powers, but these mechanisms do not yet constitute an integrated and autonomous NCBAF procedure. The article proposes a court-supervised procedural model led by the Attorney General’s Office through the Asset Recovery Centre. The model comprises statutory triggering conditions, financial investigation, provisional freezing, an in-rem-oriented application, an initial evidentiary threshold borne by the prosecutor, a proportionate shift of the evidential burden, protection for bona fide third parties, reasoned judgments and appellate review, professional asset management, and transparent return of recovered assets. This model reconciles effective recovery of corruption proceeds with legality, proportionality, judicial control, the right to be heard, and protection of property.
Legal Protection of Runners’ Portrait Rights Against Commercialization on the FotoYu Application Under Indonesian Ius Constitutum Made Rosa Anastasya Tirandika Rosa; Made Aditya Pramana Putra
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education (on progres)
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i2.1555

Abstract

This study examines the legal implications of capturing, uploading, and commercially exploiting runners’ photographs through digital platforms without prior authorization from the persons depicted, from the perspective of Indonesian ius constitutum. The analysis focuses on the normative intersection among copyright, portrait rights, and personal data protection. The study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials are examined qualitatively through descriptive-analytical reasoning. The findings indicate that photographers’ exclusive economic rights over photographic works are not absolute and must be interpreted together with statutory limitations concerning portraits and with personal data protection obligations when photographs identify, or are technologically processed to identify, individuals. Under the Personal Data Protection Law, personal data processing must have a lawful basis, of which explicit consent is one; in the context of commercial portrait use, written consent is also specifically relevant under the Copyright Law. Accordingly, the principal legal issue is not merely ownership of the photograph, but the lawful limits of its commercialization and subsequent digital processing. Resolving this normative tension requires harmonious statutory construction, appropriate legal preference, proportionate allocation of responsibility, and privacy-oriented technical safeguards to balance the interests of runners, photographers, and digital platform providers.
Reconstructing Mutual Legal Assistance for Digital Financial Crime: : Addressing the Sovereignty Paradox and Web3 Disruption Aida Ardini; Usman Manor
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education (on progres)
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i2.1556

Abstract

The expansion of cross-border digital finance within the ASEAN Economic Community has increased both legitimate financial integration and exposure to digitally enabled financial crime involving blockchain, virtual assets, decentralized finance (DeFi), and Web3 infrastructures. These developments create a legal tension between borderless, rapidly moving digital activity and mutual legal assistance (MLA) mechanisms that remain primarily state-centred and territorially organized. This study assesses the normative adequacy of the 2004 ASEAN Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters for Web3-related digital financial crime and develops a model for legal reconstruction. Using normative and prescriptive legal research, the study combines statutory, conceptual, comparative, and law-reform approaches with Critical Legal Studies, regulatory-lag analysis, and policy-oriented legal research. The analysis identifies three principal constraints: formalistic application of dual criminality, time-sensitive reliance on Central Authority procedures, and a territorial sovereignty paradigm that may be poorly aligned with distributed digital evidence and rapidly transferable virtual assets. The study proposes a framework of regional juridical reciprocity comprising secure electronic mutual legal assistance (e-MLA), a substantive approach to dual criminality, greater convergence on core digital-financial offences and investigative standards, and stronger inter-agency coordination with proportionate emergency asset-preservation mechanisms. The proposed model does not displace state sovereignty; rather, it seeks to make sovereignty operationally compatible with timely, rights-respecting, and interoperable cross-border enforcement in the Web3 era.

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