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Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research

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Published by HM Publisher

ISSN : - EISSN : 25980580 DOI : https://doi.org/10.37275/bsm

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

This journal welcomes the submission of articles that offering a sensible transfer of basic research to applied clinical medicine. BioScientia Medicina covers the latest developments in various fields of biomedicine with special attention to : 1.Rhemumatology 2.Molecular aspect of Indonesia Traditional Herb 3.Cardiology and Cardiovascular diseases 4.Genetics 5.Immunology 6.Environmental health 7.Toxicology 8. Neurology 9. Pharmacology 10. Oncology 11. Other multidisciplinary studies related medicine. The views of experts on current advances in nanotechnology and molecular/cell biology will be also considered for publication as long as they have a direct clinical impact on human health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 1,165 Documents

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Erythema Nodosum Leprosum as a Harbinger of Relapse in Multibacillary Leprosy: A Clinico-Histopathological Case Study Benedikta Lauda; Nurrachmat Mulianto
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 12 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i12.1468

Background: Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, presents formidable long-term management challenges. In the post-elimination era, differentiating a true bacteriological relapse from a late-onset Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) reaction in patients who have completed multidrug therapy (MDT) is a critical diagnostic dilemma. Misdiagnosis can lead to inappropriate treatment, risking disease progression and irreversible nerve damage. Case presentation: A 30-year-old male presented with a severe, systemic inflammatory illness two years after completing MDT for lepromatous leprosy. His symptoms included crops of painful, erythematous nodules, fever, and arthralgia. While clinically suggestive of a severe ENL reaction, a slit-skin smear revealed a paradoxically high bacterial index (BI) of +5 with a morphological index (MI) of 0%. A skin biopsy was performed for definitive diagnosis. Histopathology revealed a dual pathology: a diffuse infiltrate of foamy macrophages typical of lepromatous leprosy, alongside a dense neutrophilic panniculitis characteristic of ENL. Crucially, Fite-Faraco staining demonstrated vast numbers of intact, solid-staining acid-fast bacilli, providing unequivocal evidence of active bacterial proliferation. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that a diagnostic algorithm integrating a high index of clinical suspicion with comprehensive bacteriological and histopathological methods is essential for accurately identifying relapse masked by ENL. The presence of viable bacilli confirms that ENL can be a direct clinical harbinger of relapse, mandating a dual therapeutic strategy that combines aggressive anti-inflammatory treatment with the immediate re-initiation of MDT.

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is Associated with Superior Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Cholelithiasis: A 6-Year Comprehensive Surgical Outcome Analysis from Semarang, Indonesia Natasha Hartanto; Edwin Basyar; Rudiyuwono Raharjo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 12 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i12.1469

Background: The incidence of pediatric cholelithiasis is increasing globally, driven primarily by the childhood obesity epidemic. In a nation of over 270 million people like Indonesia, with rising obesity rates, understanding the optimal surgical management is a national health priority. This study provides the first detailed, comparative surgical outcome analysis for pediatric cholecystectomy from a major Indonesian referral center. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all pediatric patients (≤18 years) undergoing cholecystectomy from January 2019 to December 2024 was conducted. Data on preoperative demographics, clinical presentation, intraoperative variables (operative time, blood loss, conversion rate), and postoperative outcomes (length of stay, 30-day complications graded by Clavien-Dindo) were extracted. Laparoscopic (LC) and open cholecystectomy (OC) groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: The cohort of 30 patients (70% female, mean age 12.0 years) had a 60% prevalence of overweight or obesity. Laparoscopy was the initial approach in 25 cases (83.3%), with one conversion to open surgery (4%). Compared to the OC group (n=6), the definitive LC group (n=24) demonstrated significantly superior outcomes: median operative time was shorter (72 vs. 115 minutes, p=0.004), median estimated blood loss was lower (15 vs. 80 mL, p<0.001), and median postoperative length of stay was significantly reduced (3 vs. 5 days, p=0.002). The postoperative complication rate was lower in the LC group (8.3% vs. 33.3%, p=0.14), with all complications being minor (Clavien-Dindo Grade I-II). Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe, effective, and efficient procedure that provides superior clinical outcomes compared to the open approach in the Indonesian pediatric population. These findings provide robust local evidence to establish LC as the unequivocal standard of care and justify investment in minimally invasive surgical training and infrastructure to meet the rising burden of this disease.

The Clinical and Pathological Landscape of Pediatric Appendicitis in Central Java, Indonesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study Highlighting a High Burden of Delayed Diagnosis Dimas Susilo Waridiarto; Edwin Basyar; Rudiyuwono Raharjo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 12 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i12.1470

Background: The timely diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis is a global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where health system barriers can lead to significant delays and increased morbidity. This study aimed to characterize the clinical and pathological presentation patterns of pediatric appendicitis at a major Indonesian referral center to identify evidence of diagnostic delay and to analyze associated surgical management trends. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital on all pediatric patients (n=52) who underwent appendectomy between January 2022 and December 2024. Data on demographics, definitive histopathological diagnoses, and surgical approaches were collected and analyzed. The manuscript was prepared in accordance with the STROBE guidelines for observational studies. Results: The cohort was predominantly male (63.4%), with a peak incidence in the 6–10 year age group (42.3%). The most striking finding was the histopathological diagnosis: a remarkable 48.0% of patients were diagnosed with chronic appendicitis with acute exacerbation, a strong indicator of delayed presentation. Minimally invasive surgery was performed in 48.0% of cases. While a significant association was observed between laparoscopic surgery and a shorter postoperative length of stay (p < 0.001), this finding was subject to significant confounding by indication. Conclusion: The exceptionally high prevalence of chronic exacerbated appendicitis is the principal finding of this study, serving as a powerful public health signal for systemic delays in the pediatric acute care pathway in this region. While minimally invasive surgery is associated with faster recovery, the more pressing priority is addressing the upstream factors—including public awareness and primary care referral systems—that lead to late surgical presentation and increased cumulative morbidity.

The Nexus of Comorbid Thyroid Dysfunction, Developmental Trauma, and Marital Distress in Severe Depression: A Case Study of an Integrative Bio-Psycho-Social-Spiritual Approach I Putu Roni Mahendra Putra
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 12 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i12.1471

Background: The management of major depressive disorder (MDD) is frequently complicated by the presence of medical comorbidities and profound psychosocial stressors. This complexity creates a significant risk for "diagnostic overshadowing," where one clinical issue may mask others, leading to incomplete treatment. This case report illustrates a systematic diagnostic and therapeutic pathway for a patient whose severe depression represents a confluence of biological, psychological, and social determinants. Case presentation: We present the case of a 50-year-old female with Severe Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent Episode (F32.2), whose functional impairment was profound (GAF=40). A systematic diagnostic inquiry revealed a nexus of pathology: previously misidentified hypothyroidism (TSH > 100 µIU/mL), comorbid metabolic syndrome (BMI 31.2 kg/m², HbA1c 7.8%); a significant history of developmental trauma (Adverse Childhood Experiences Score ≥ 4); and acute, severe marital distress involving recurrent spousal infidelity. Informed consent was obtained after assessing her capacity, with family collaboration. Conclusion: The patient was managed using an integrative bio-psycho-social-spiritual framework. This multidimensional approach involved concurrent medical stabilization, psychopharmacological treatment (Sertraline), and a phase-oriented, trauma-informed psychotherapy. The integration of culturally congruent mind-body practices was essential for building the therapeutic alliance. This holistic strategy resulted in significant, quantifiable improvement in depressive symptoms (BDI-II score decreased from 32 to 18) and functional outcomes. This case underscores the necessity of a systematic, multi-domain assessment to avert clinical error and demonstrates a replicable methodology for treating complex presentations of severe depression.

Single-Dose Intralesional Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Immunotherapy Induces Complete and Sustained Remission of Recalcitrant Anogenital Condylomata: A Mechanistic Case Series Azhar Arrosyid; Prasetyadi Mawardi; Endra Yustin Ellistasari; Ammarilis Murastami
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i1.1472

Background: Anogenital condylomata acuminata caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to high recurrence rates after conventional cytodestructive therapies. Intralesional immunotherapy aims to induce a host-mediated immune response, offering a promising alternative. This report investigates the efficacy, safety, and immunological rationale of a novel, single-dose Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) protocol in an immunologically primed population. Methods: In this prospective case series, three immunocompetent patients with extensive, therapy-refractory anogenital condylomata were enrolled. Following a standardized protocol, each patient received a single, calculated intralesional injection of BCG vaccine into the largest index lesion. The primary outcome was complete clinical and dermoscopic clearance. Patients were evaluated at regular intervals for efficacy and safety over a 12-month follow-up period. Result: All three patients achieved complete clinical and dermoscopic clearance of both the injected and distant, untreated lesions within a rapid timeframe of 6 to 10 weeks. The treatment was well-tolerated, with adverse events limited to anticipated and transient local inflammatory reactions. No recurrences were documented in any patient during the 12-month follow-up period. Conclusion: Single-dose intralesional BCG immunotherapy appears to be a highly effective, durable, and safe therapeutic strategy for recalcitrant anogenital condylomata. The observed pan-lesional clearance strongly suggests the induction of a systemic, cell-mediated anti-HPV immune response. These compelling preliminary findings provide a strong rationale for validation through larger, randomized controlled trials.

The Eye as a Window to Systemic Hemodynamics: A Novel Approach to Estimating Central Venous Pressure via Tonometry in Sepsis M. Irvan Noorrahman; Nopian Hidayat; Riki Sukiandra; Pratama Ananda
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i1.1473

Background: Effective hemodynamic management in sepsis is critical, yet current practices are constrained by the risks and interpretive challenges of invasive central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring. The clinical utility of CVP is debated, fueling the search for safer alternatives. This study investigates a novel approach, exploring intraocular pressure (IOP) as a non-invasive surrogate for CVP, predicated on the direct anatomical link between the ocular venous drainage system and the central circulation. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center observational study in a tertiary intensive care unit, enrolling 20 adult patients with sepsis and indwelling central venous catheters. High-fidelity measurements of CVP via a pressure transducer and IOP via Perkins applanation tonometry were performed simultaneously. Data were collected at a baseline steady-state and again 15 minutes after a standardized fluid challenge (median volume 300 mL) to assess the dynamic relationship. The association was quantified using Pearson correlation and modeled with simple linear regression. Results: A strong, statistically significant positive correlation was observed between CVP and IOP at baseline (r=0.756, p=0.001). This physiological coherence was profoundly amplified following the fluid challenge, strengthening to a very strong correlation (r=0.947, p<0.001). The post-challenge data yielded a robust, preliminary predictive model, defined by the equation: CVP (mmHg) = -0.619 + (0.522 x IOP (mmHg)). The slope of this relationship was precisely estimated (95% CI: 0.435 to 0.609). The model demonstrated high predictive power, with post-challenge IOP accounting for 89% of the variance in CVP (R²=0.89). Conclusion: This pilot investigation provides compelling evidence for a strong and dynamic correlation between IOP and CVP in critically ill patients with sepsis. The findings suggest that ocular tonometry shows significant promise as a non-invasive method for assessing right-sided filling pressures and, more importantly, for tracking the dynamic response to fluid therapy, thereby offering a potential window into venous congestion. While intriguing, these results are from a small cohort. The derived formula is strictly hypothesis-generating and requires extensive validation in larger, more diverse clinical trials before any potential for clinical application can be considered.

Spontaneous Respiration Intubation as a Cornerstone of Multidisciplinary Management for Delayed Tracheoesophageal Fistula Repair in a Critically Ill Neonate Sulthoni; Dino Irawan; Novita Anggraeni; Nopian Hidayat; T Addi Saputra
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i1.1474

Background: The perioperative management of neonates with esophageal atresia and Type C tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) is exceptionally challenging, particularly in cases of delayed diagnosis complicated by aspiration pneumonia and congenital heart disease. The primary anesthetic risk is catastrophic gastric insufflation and hemodynamic collapse from positive pressure ventilation (PPV) before fistula control. This report details a successful multidisciplinary strategy centered on an airway technique that preserves spontaneous ventilation. Case presentation: A 16-day-old, 2.5 kg female neonate with Type C EA/TEF presented for surgical repair following a delayed referral. The case was critically complicated by severe aspiration pneumonia (cultures positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae), which was managed with targeted antibiotic therapy, and hemodynamically significant congenital heart defects (2.5 mm patent ductus arteriosus, 3 mm patent foramen ovale). After 48 hours of intensive cardiorespiratory and nutritional optimization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the patient underwent surgery. To circumvent the life-threatening risks of PPV, an inhalational induction with sevoflurane was performed, maintaining spontaneous ventilation. The airway was secured via direct laryngoscopy without neuromuscular blockade. A right extrapleural thoracotomy, fistula ligation, and primary esophageal anastomosis were successfully performed. Intraoperative lung retraction-induced desaturation was managed with coordinated surgeon-anesthetist maneuvers. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: In a high-risk neonate with delayed TEF presentation and profound cardiorespiratory compromise, securing the airway while maintaining spontaneous ventilation is a cornerstone of safe anesthetic practice. This approach, integrated within a comprehensive, multidisciplinary management plan, directly mitigates the risk of gastric perforation and cardiovascular collapse, thereby enabling a successful surgical repair and favorable outcome.

A Neuroinflammatory Biomarker Profile Associated with Neuropathic Pain in Hansen's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of S100B, TNF-α, and IL-6 Dian Rizki Fitria; I Putu Eka Widyadharma; Ni Made Susilawathi
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i1.1475

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a severe, chronic complication of Hansen's disease (HD), persisting after antimicrobial therapy and profoundly diminishing quality of life. Its pathophysiology is driven by persistent, complex neuroinflammatory processes within the peripheral nervous system. Circulating biomarkers, especially the glial-derived protein S100B, offer a potential objective window into this underlying pathology. This study aimed to meta-analyze the association between circulating S100B, TNF-α, and IL-6 and the presence of NP in patients with HD. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted for observational studies published between January 2015 and December 2025 that compared biomarker levels in HD patients with and without NP, diagnosed using validated screening instruments. Data from eligible studies were extracted independently, and methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to compute the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each biomarker. Results: Seven studies, comprising 812 patients (405 with NP, 407 without NP), met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that serum S100B levels were significantly elevated in HD patients with NP compared to those without (SMD = 1.28, 95% CI [0.95, 1.61], p < 0.001). This finding was accompanied by very high statistical heterogeneity (I² = 78%). Concurrently, the analysis demonstrated significantly higher circulating levels of TNF-α (SMD = 0.89, 95% CI [0.62, 1.16]) and IL-6 (SMD = 0.75, 95% CI [0.48, 1.02]) in the NP group. Conclusion: This meta-analysis establishes a strong statistical association between a distinct neuroinflammatory biomarker profile—characterized by elevated circulating S100B, TNF-α, and IL-6—and the presence of neuropathic pain in Hansen's disease. S100B, as a marker of Schwann cell distress, is a particularly relevant component of this profile. These findings underscore the pivotal role of neuroinflammation in HD-related NP, although the high heterogeneity and non-specific nature of these systemic markers necessitate a cautious interpretation regarding their immediate clinical applicability.

Dynamic Coupling of Systemic and Intratumoral Estradiol in HER2-Positive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Validation Study of a Non-Invasive Surrogate Nadhim Muhammad Askar; Widyanti Soewoto; Brian Wasita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i1.1476

Background: The role of estradiol in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancers is increasingly recognized. Direct measurement of intratumoral estradiol is invasive, creating a barrier to clinical research. This study aimed to determine if circulating plasma estradiol can serve as a high-fidelity, non-invasive surrogate for intratumoral concentrations in HER2-positive (HER2+) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 60 women with primary operable HER2+ (n=21) and TNBC (n=39) who underwent mastectomy. Paired pre-operative plasma and post-operative tumor tissue samples were analyzed. Estradiol concentrations were quantified using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography-radioimmunoassay (HPLC-RIA) protocol. Clinicopathological data, including Body Mass Index (BMI), were collected. The primary outcome was the correlation between plasma and intratumoral estradiol, assessed by Spearman's rank correlation. Paired concentrations were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Baseline clinicopathological characteristics, including BMI, were well-balanced between the HER2+ and TNBC cohorts. A highly significant, strong positive correlation was found between plasma and intratumoral estradiol concentrations across the entire cohort (Spearman's ρ = 0.78, p < 0.001). This correlation remained robust in subgroup analyses of menopausal status and tumor grade. Interestingly, median intratumoral estradiol levels (30.0 pg/mL; IQR: 10.0-65.0) were significantly lower than paired median plasma levels (132.0 pg/mL; IQR: 40.0-225.0) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Plasma estradiol demonstrates a strong and direct correlation with intratumoral estradiol in HER2+ and TNBC, validating its use as a reliable, non-invasive surrogate. This provides a crucial tool to explore the pathophysiology of the TME. The finding that intratumoral levels are lower than systemic circulation, yet tightly coupled, suggests a dynamic equilibrium that warrants further investigation into local estradiol metabolism and signaling in ER-negative disease.

Catastrophic Zone I Open Globe Injury: Pathophysiological Insights and Staged Surgical Triumphs in a Case of Corneal Rupture, Lens Extrusion, and "Blackball" Hyphema Harrie Kurnia Rahman; Fitratul Ilahi
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i1.1477

Background: Complex open globe injuries (OGIs) involving the simultaneous destruction of multiple anterior segment structures represent a formidable challenge in ophthalmic traumatology. These injuries necessitate a staged surgical approach to restore ocular integrity and optimize the potential for visual rehabilitation. Case presentation: A 44-year-old male presented with a severe Zone I OGI in the left eye from a high-velocity projectile stone. His initial best-corrected visual acuity was limited to light perception. Examination revealed an 8-mm corneal rupture with uveal prolapse, complete anterior extrusion of the crystalline lens, and a Grade IV "blackball" hyphema. The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) was calculated as 1, predicting a very poor visual outcome. Immediate primary repair involved anterior vitrectomy, lensectomy, hyphema evacuation, and corneal suturing. After a six-month stabilization period, a secondary scleral-fixated intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted using a double-needle Yamane technique. Conclusion: Despite the devastating nature of the initial injury and a grim prognosis as per the OTS, a principled, staged surgical strategy resulted in a final best-corrected visual acuity of 20/50. This case highlights that adherence to damage-control principles—prioritizing anatomical restoration in the primary surgery and deferring refractive correction—can lead to unexpectedly favorable functional outcomes in the most severe categories of ocular trauma.

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Contact Name Rachmat Hidayat

Contact Email dr.rachmat.hidayat@gmail.com

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Journal Mail Official editor.bioscmed@gmail.com

Editorial Address Jl. Sirna Raga no 99, 8 Ilir, Ilir Timur 3, Palembang

Location Kota palembang, Sumatera selatan INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Rachmat Hidayat

Contact Email
dr.rachmat.hidayat@gmail.com

Phone
+6281949581088

Journal Mail Official
editor.bioscmed@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Sirna Raga no 99, 8 Ilir, Ilir Timur 3, Palembang

Location
Kota palembang,

Sumatera selatan

INDONESIA