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Borobudur
Published by Balai Konservasi borobudur
ISSN : 19788584     EISSN : 27211517     DOI : 10.33374
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Art, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Balai Konservasi Borobudur Jl.Badrawati Borobudur Magelang 56553
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Arkeologi
Articles 200 Documents
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PENGGUNAAN SANDAL KHUSUS UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KEAUSAN BATU CANDI BOROBUDUR Brahmantara Brahmantara
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i1.261

Abstract

The use of mass tourism has several negative impacts on the preservation of Borobudur Temple. One of them is the condition of wear and tear on the stone stairs and floors. From the survey results and calculation of the percentage of stone wear of Borobudur Temple on the west and north side of the stone stairs are 63.39% and 27.84%, while on the south side stone stairs are 30.96%. One of the efforts to minimize wear and tear is the use of special sandals. This particular sandal study aims to obtain a prototype of footwear (sandals) that meet the criteria for durability, ergonomics and visual harmony (DEKS), as well as an effort to increase community participation through empowering local MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises). The research method went through two stages, namely: laboratory testing of sandal material samples, and the manufacture of special sandals. The results of the study concluded that the use of sandals can have an effect on efforts to prevent an increase in the power of the temple stones on the stairs and floors. Friction test results show that the type of sponge material has a lower level of hardness than the type of stone sponge, so it has a low impact on wear. Based on the criteria required in the formulation of the problem, the prototype design is made in three types, namely; prototypes I, II and III. This particular sandal is designed with the brand “Upanat Barabudur”. Taken from the inscription on the relief of Karmawibhangga panel 150 which means 'footwear'. Viewed from the perspective of historical and philosophical values, the use of special footwear is useful in an effort to minimize wear and tear and as a conservation education medium for visitors.
STUDI KEANEKARAGAMAN KAPANG PADA PROSES BIODETERIORASI BATUAN CANDI MENDUT Fellary Pangesti; Bernadetta Octavia; Nahar Cahyandaru
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i1.269

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui genus kapang yang berpotensi menyebabkan kerusakan serta mengetahui jenis biodeteriorasi yang terjadi pada batuan Candi Mendut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian diawali dengan survey sampling yang dilakukan berdasarkan pada syarat : kenampakan miselium, spora, bercak warna, dan kerusakan substrat. Identifikasi kapang dilakukan secara konvensional berdasarkan pengamatan makroskopik dan mikroskopik pada kapang. Hasil dari karakterisasi dan identifikasi kemudian diidentifikasi dengan metode profile matching. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapang kontaminan yang berpotensi sebagai penyebab kerusakan pada batuan Candi Mendut adalah Penicillium (37,5%), Aspergillus (21,25%), Acremonium (28,75%), Scopulariopsis (15,3%), Chrysonilia (3,75 %), Mucor (1,25 %) dan Arthrinium (1,25 %). Genus Acremonium, Mucor dan Arthrinium berpotensi dalam kerusakan biologis yang terjadi pada batuan, serta genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, dan Scopulariopsis memicu terjadinya biofilm hitam pada batuan dan membentuk noda hitam pada batuan. Sedangkan genus Chrysonilia tidak berpotensi menyebabkan kerusakan pada batuan candi
KITOSAN TERMODIFIKASI TRIPOLIFOSFAT SEBAGAI KANDIDAT MATERIAL PELAPIS ARTEFAK KAYU Tri Windarti; Fenina Azalia Dewi Hascaryo
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i1.270

Abstract

Chitosan is one of natural polymers that has been widely developed for the conservation of wood artifacts. Chitosan modification with tripolyphosphate (TPP) crosslinker aims to change the linear structure of chitosan into networking. This structural change is expected to improve the performance of chitosan coating on the surface of wood artifacts. The aims of this research are to study the effect of NaTPP concentration (0.5 – 10%) as a source of TPP and sonication time (5 – 25 minutes) on the structure and morphology of chitosan. The results showed that identification of phosphate content by using UV-Vis spectrometer confirmed that no phosphate ion found in the remaining reaction solution. Treatment with sonication caused all TPP ions to physically interact with chitosan. FTIR spectra are difficult to confirm the presence of TPP because of the overlap between the energy of the phosphate vibration and the C-O stretching vibration of chitosan. TPP modified chitosan is in the form of a thin and transparent film. SEM images show that the surface of the chitosan is flat, dense and non-porous. The results of the elemental composition test with EDX showed the presence of carbon (64.98%), nitrogen (0.2%), oxygen (34.69%), and phosphorus (0.01%) on the chitosan surface. Thus, TPP-modified chitosan can be used as a candidate for wood artifact coating material, to avoid the infiltration of water molecules in the air without changing the original appearance of the artifact.
PENGARUH SARI TEBU DALAM PEMBUATAN MORTAR TRADISIONAL UNTUK PENANGANAN KEBOCORAN CANDI PAWON Ari Swastikawati; Leliek Agung Haldoko; Pramudianto Dwi Hanggoro; Arif Gunawan
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i1.273

Abstract

Pawon Temple has the potential for weathering problems due to weather factors. Rainfall and temperature fluctuations trigger various damage and weathering. Rainwater that enters the stone grout on the roof of the temple can cause the surface of the walls and chambers of the Pawon Temple to become moist, and trigger the growth of microorganisms that will cause wear and tear on the walls of the temple. Therefore, conservation efforts are needed on the roof of the Pawon Temple to reduce the infiltration of rainwater into the body of the Pawon Temple. This study aims to determine the correct composition of traditional mortar to prevent leakage by covering the grout on the roof of Pawon Temple. The research method chosen is descriptive qualitative. The addition of sugarcane juice can reduce the saturated water content in the mortar. Mortar with the addition of sugarcane juice can reduce porosity. Mortar with a ratio of 2 sand: 1 brick powder: 1 lime and with the addition of sugarcane juice produces the best mortar with the highest compressive strength but with the lowest porosity.
KONSERVASI CAGAR BUDAYA KONSERVASI CAGAR BUDAYA BERBASIS KEARIFAN TRADISIONAL DI KEPULAUAN RIAU: Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion, conclusion Anastasia Wiwik Swastiwi
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i1.276

Abstract

The Riau Archipelago keeps objects of immovable or movable cultural heritage that are scattered among its people. As one of the areas that at that time was the center of Malay civilization in the Melaka Straits area, the Riau Archipelago has a glorious historical heritage. Traces of the past are still attached to the life traditions of the Riau Archipelago Malay community. Based on the Law on Cultural Conservation Number 11 of 2010 concerning the preservation of cultural heritage which states that the preservation of cultural heritage must be carried out. One of the efforts that can be done is to preserve mobile cultural heritage in the Riau Archipelago by using traditional wisdom-based cultural heritage conservation methods. This research was conducted using a cultural approach. The results of this study produce an inventory of the traditional practices of the people of the Riau Archipelago, which have been and are being developed, which need to be developed into a method of conservation of cultural heritage based on traditional wisdom not only in the Riau Archipelago but also in various other regions in Indonesia. This inventory of traditional practices for conserving movable cultural heritage materials includes various materials such as wood, metal, fabric/textile, bamboo, light wood, porcelain, paper, stones and gemstones. While the traditional ingredients consist of lime, pineapple, cloves, cinnamon, pepper, sea water/brackish water, river water/muddy water, citronella root, vinegar water and taro leaves/taro leaves.
ANALISIS PERGESERAN DINDING CANDI BOROBUDUR MENGGUNAKAN ROBOTIC TOTAL STATION (RTS) Calvin Wijaya; Rizal Mubarok; Raniah Salsabila; Joni Setiyawan
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i1.278

Abstract

Borobudur temple is one of the world's cultural heritages which located in Magelang, Central Java. This largest temple in Indonesia has historical and cultural values that are very valuable, so it is important to be maintained and preserved. One way of preservation that can be done is to monitor the structure of temple walls. This purpose of this monitoring is to observe if there is a shift or movement in the earth’s plates and non-natural factors. The development of survey technology with Robotic Total Station (RTS) will make easier to monitor the structures. The monitoring method is carried out used the principle of geodetic measurement to measure 60 monitoring prisms on all sides of the temple in three cycles. The results of the monitoringshowedthat magnitude of the shift in this temple walls was small, which was under than 1 mm on all sides, so that it can be categorized as relatively stable temple wall.
KOSMOLOGI BOROBUDUR:: MENGGALI KEBIJAKSANAAN TATA KELOLA BISNIS MASYARAKAT JAWA KUNO Purweni Widhianningrum
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i2.291

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap tata kelola bisnis Jawa kuno berdasarkan kosmologi Borobudur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kepustakaan sebagai tahap pengumpulan data. Untuk menggali dan memahami pemikiran masa lampau dilakukan dengan analisis hermeneutik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas bisnis yamg terefleksi pada relief candi Borobudur dilaksanakan selaras nilai-nilai kosmologi. Alam semesta tidak hanya dipahami sebagai objek fisik kegiatan bisnis aja, namun juga terintegrasi dalam penghayatan hidup manusia untuk mencapai pencerahan. Peristiwa pencerahan atau nirvana dalam konteks ini dimaknai sebagai kebijaksanaan, baik kebijaksanaan moral, spiritual, pengetahuan, bahkan teknologi dalam proses pengambilan keputusan bisnis. Melalui kesadaran tentang kosmologis, bisnis diarahkan dan dikelola dengan bijaksana agar dapat menciptakan memberikan manfaat sebesar-besarnya untuk keberlangsungan hidup penghuni semesta.
OPTIMASI KONDISI PROSES PEMBUATAN NANOEMULSI MINYAK SERAI WANGI DENGAN METODE TAGUCHI SEBAGAI ANTIJAMUR PADA CAGAR BUDAYA Lisa Dwi Hanifah; Mokhammad Fajar Pradipta; Nahar Cahyandaru
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i2.293

Abstract

This research aims to determine the effect of parameters on characteristic and increase stability; determine the optimum conditions to get the best nanoemulsion characteristic in the form of the smallest droplet size; find out the effectivity to inhibit Aspergillus fumigatus growth and to kill Lichens. The nanoemulsion formulation was made by using Spontaneous Emulsification of Low Energy method and it was designed by Taguchi statistical method. The parameter of analysis are organoleptic, pH, thermal stability test, freeze-thaw cycle, mechanical stability test, turbidity, polydispersity index (PdI), and particle size test. The antifungal test was carried out by applying nanoemulsions in a laboratory scale to Aspergillus fumigatus and in natural cultures by spraying nanoemulsions directly on lichen in Borobudur Temple rocks off. Nanoemulsion was successfully obtained with droplet sizes of 13.40-28.97 nm. The SNES ratio and the stirring rate had an effect on resulting nanoemulsion, while the stirring time had a less significant effect. The optimum conditions for making nanoemulsions were obtained which resulted in the best composition in a form of the smallest droplet size (13.11 nm with PdI value of 0.337), namely at SNES ratio 1:8:1, time of 5 minutes, with stirring speed of 2800 rpm. This formula resulted in a minimum inhibitory concentration against Aspergillus fumigatus growth as an estimate of lemongrass oil. Nanoemulsion with a minimum concentration of oil 2.5% was effective to kill lichens and inhibit the growth of new lichens.
DETEKSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KAPANG PADA PROSES BIODETERIORASI BATUAN CANDI PAWON Putri Nur Indahsari; Bernadetta Octavia; Nahar Cahyandaru
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i2.294

Abstract

This research attempts to know diversity of the moulds found in the biodeterioration process of Pawon Temple stone and identifying the type of damage caused by the moulds in the biodeterioration process of Pawon Temple stone. Survey sampling of Pawon Temple rocks based on the conditions: damp, weathered, cracked, and there is a yellowish-white crust. Sampling is done by swab technique using sterile cotton bud and scraping technique using scalpel. Identification of macroscopic and microscopic mold with profile matching method based on the book Pengenalan Kapang Tropik Umum, Descriptions of Medical Fungi, Identification of Pathogenic Fungi. The identification finds six genus are Penicillium (13%), Paecilomyces (59.4%), Mucor (15.9%), Stachybotrys (2.8%), Aspergillus (4.3%) and Cladosporium (2.8%). The genus of kalag in Pawon Temple is based on the search of libraries and journals potentially as agents of color formation, exfoliation of rocks and formation of postules and alevol.
TEMUAN FITUR DAN DATA ORGANIK DI SITUS LIYANGAN SERTA TANTANGAN KONSERVASINYA Sugeng Riyanto
Borobudur Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur
Publisher : Balai Konservasi Borobudur Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v16i2.296

Abstract

The Liyangan site in Purbosari Village, Ngadirejo District, Temanggung Regency, Central Java was discovered by sand miners in 2008 and has been studied by the Yogyakarta Archeology Center since 2009. The results of this study shows that the Liyangan site is an ancient settlement consisting of residential areas, agriculture, and areas of worship. Chronologically, the ancient Liyangan settlement began to grow at least in the 2nd century and developed gradually until the ancient Matarām kingdom, even up to the 11th century. The large-scale eruption of Mount Sindoro in the 11th century stopped that civilization. In addition to obliterating the ancient Liyangan settlement, the eruption material sealed the site and archaeological data so that some of it was naturally conserved. The data includes 1) structures and buildings, 2) features, 3) artifacts such as ceramic, pottery, stone, as well as artifacts made of metal, 4) organic data, and 5) ecofact. That is why the Liyangan site is a special site because it is supported by extraordinary archaeological data findings, especially features and organic materials. On the other hand, the presence of this data presents challenges related to its conservation as well as maintaining the uniqueness of the Liyangan site. This article was compiled to explain this through a desk study to obtain information related to the conservation of features and organics as an integral part of the extraordinary ancient Liyangan settlement.

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