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Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan

sodality
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 23027517 EISSN : 23027525 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Social,

Arts Humanities Environmental Science Social Sciences

Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan is a scientific journal, focused on Rural Sociological which refers to the key terminology of "Sodality" where the dynamics of the local structures (village/rural) and extra-local has created spaces of social disharmony, thus require the analysis and synthesis of multidisciplinary science to explain empirical facts dimensions of socio-economic-ecological in village/rural.

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Articles 410 Documents

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Nikah Siri in Demographic Overview Arsal, Thriwaty
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Konsepsi dan pemaknaan nikah siri tetap eksis dari waktu ke waktu dan pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk "merahasiakan" pernikahan agar ada pihak-pihak tertentu yang tidak mengetahui terjadinya pernikahan tersebut. Pemaknaan nikah siri dari sisi konsep ajaran Islam, merupakan bentuk pernikahan yang secara substantif di dalamnya terdapat indikasi kekurangan syarat dan rukun perkawinan walaupun secara formal terpenuhi, sementara dari sisi terminologi sosiologis masyarakat Indonesia dalam kerangka normatif perundang-undangan perkawinan, dimaknai pada setiap pernikahan yang tidak dicatatkan oleh lembaga yang berwenang mengurusi pernikahan. Dinamakan siri karena dilangsungkan secara diam-diam, tertutup, rahasia atau sembunyi-sembunyi tanpa adanya publikasi. Munculnya fenomena nikah siri yang semakin marak dilakukan, dengan alasan tertentu tanpa wali perempuan, bahkan terkadang juga tanpa saksi dan tanpa sepengetahuan orang tua pihak perempuan. Pernikahan seperti ini tidak sah secara agama dan apalagi secara hukum Negara, walaupun pelaku nikah sebagian masyarakat menganggap bahwa pernikahan model seperti ini sudah sah berdasarkan pemahaman agama yang diyakini tanpa memikirkan segala resiko dan dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh nikah siri terutama bagi perempuan dan anak yang dihasilkan dari pernikahan siri. Kata kunci: nikah siri, hukum Islam, hukum Negara, kependudukan.

Ethnic Identity Formation in Local Political Economic Arena Sjaf, Sofyan; M. Kolopaking, Lala
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Pembentukan identitas etnik di arena ekonomi politik lokal penting untuk dikaji dalam rangka memahami pluralisme di Indonesia. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mempelajari pembentukan identitas etnik di arena ekonomi politik lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan paradigma non-positivistik perspektif struktural-konstruktivisme. Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang tinggal di Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, wawancara tertruktur dan Focus Grup Discussion (FGD) yang dilakukan aktor dari latar belakang berbagai etnis (Tolaki, Muna, Buton, dan Bugis) dan berbagai profesi (politisi, birokrasi, akademisi, and aktivis LSM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan identitas etnik di arena politik lokal dipengaruhi oleh sejarah kelompok etnis (posisi) dan pengalaman aktor (disposisi). Dari keduanya, bentuk garis yang berkelanjutan membentuk suatu interaksi (kesenangan) yang dinamakan pembentukan identitas etnik. Struktur ini mengacu pada dua bentuk: (1) bentuk identitas etnik dengan skala besar dan (2) pembentukan batas identitas etnik. Kedua struktur tersebut merupakan penentu arena ekonomi politik lokal. Psinsip hirarki ganda (prinsip hirarki heteronomus dan autonomus) memberikan kontribusi pada pembentukan identitas etnik yang disebabkan oleh mobilisasi [identitas], positif atau negatif.Kata Kunci: struktur pembentukan identitas etnis, politik identitas, ekonomi politik lokal.

Tidal Polarization In Elite Ethnic and Makassar Bugis Mujahidin Fahmid, Imam
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Pada fase tradisional, elit etnis Bugis dan Makassar sama-sama mengembangkan konsep politik simbol. Tradisi politik simbolik itu tertuang dalam naskah imajinatif; tomanurung dan kalompoang. Sebuah konsep untuk melegitimasi kekuasaan sang penguasa. Secara sosial, konsep tomanurung kemudian diterjemahkan oleh elit dan massa sebagai pola hubungan yang bersifat saling melindungi; patron-client. Dalam perjalanan politik orang Bugis dan Makassar, konsep tomanurung kian melemah, diawali dengan kehadiran Islam di Istana Gowa, dan meningkatnya birahi politik para penguasa kerajaan. Perebutan wilayah kekuasaan dan polarisasi politik antara etnis Bugis dan Makassar terus mengalami eskalasi, puncaknya pada abad 17, ketika VOC dan Arung Palakka dari Bone berhasil menaklukan kesultanan Gowa. Sejak kemenangan VOC terhadap Kesultanan Gowa, etnis Bugis menjadi etnis yang dominan dalam struktur kekuasaan formal. Peranan etnis Bugis agak berkurang ketika VOC balik memusuhi kerajaan Bone pada 1905. Struktur kekuasaan kemudian dikuasai kembali oleh istana Gowa hingga fase awal kemerdekaan RI. Pertengahan Orde Lama hingga awal reformasi, etnis Bugis kembali memanggul kekuasaan. Kini melalui pemilihan langsung pemimpin (gubernur) secara langsung (pada era otonomi daerah), panggung kekuasaan di Sulsel direbut kembali oleh etnis Makassar Gowa.Kata Kunci: elit, tomanurung, etnis, simbol, kekuasaan, polarisasi.

Production Orientation within Poverty Reduction in Indonesian Agusta, Ivanovich
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Diskursus kemiskinan terbesar saat ini diletakkan di atas metafora proses produksi. Diskursus terbangun dari pemikiran dikotomis, yaitu dikotomi kaya-miskin, produktif-tidak produktif, organisasi lokal-global.Diskursus ini dibangun oleh lembaga global, dan diimplementasikan pada tingkat nasional, daerah, hingga desa.Diskursus tersebut dibangun melalui standardisasi, normalisasi, dan pendisiplinan.Formalisasi diskursus dilaksanakan melalui pelatihan dan penyusunan dokumen-dokumen formal.Arena diskursus berisikan orang miskin, keluarga mereka, pemanfaat, pengusaha mikro, dan orang desa.Dengan konstruksi demikian, program pengurangan kemiskinan seharusnya menentukan secara khusus pemanfaatnya adalah orang miskin dan keluarganya. Kata kunci: diskursus, dikotomi, habitus kemiskinan, arena pengurangan kemiskinan.

Potato Farmers Household Income Systems in Dieng Plateau (Case Karangtengah Village, District Batur, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java Province) Sodality, Turasih .; Adiwibowo, Soeryo
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan strategi mata pencaharian rumah tangga petani kentang di Desa Karangtengah, Dataran Tinggi Dieng yang berhubungan dengan sejarah pertanian kentang di desa tersebut. Selain itu, untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh pertanian kentang dapat membangun sistem mata pencaharian yang berkelanjutan bagi rumah tangga petani. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada 31 rumah tangga petani yang menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini, sedangkan pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan pencarian literatur pada data yang terkait. Pada dasarnya, pertanian telah menjadi sumber pendapatan utama bagi rumah tangga petani kentang di Desa Karangtengah. Hal ini disebabkan pertanian yang telah diwariskan ke dalam identitas mereka dari generasi ke generasi. Namun, keterbatasan sumber daya, terutama lahan sebagai tempat produksi menyebabkan sembilan responden dalam penelitian ini menerapkan mata pencaharian ganda yaitu strategi pertanian dan non-pertanian. Dalam perkembangannya sumber daya pertanian kentang semakin berkurang. Meskipun masih menjadi sektor utama, ancaman terjadi secara bertahap misalnya degradasi lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas pertanian yang mengutamakan pada produksi yang tinggi karena penggunaan zat kimia berlebihan.Kata Kunci: sistem mata pencaharian, rumah tangga petani kentang, pertanian berkelanjutan, Dataran Tinggi Dieng.

FERTILITAS DAN RELASI GENDER DI DESA NEGLASARI, KABUPATEN BOGOR Ekowati, Dian; Sri, Ekawati; Rusli, Said
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Fertility is often seen on the figures and biological sides. Seeing fertility goes beyond both of these will be useful to explore the wishes of each actor , how they relate to each other and to the community , and how the values and aspects of sociological and psychological that is attached in such activities. The study explored how the relationship between gender relations and fertility work ; especially because until now there is no generic theory agreed to this issue . This study used qualitative methods to explore and gain an understanding of how women give birth as related parties with the other actors . The framework of this study were made by utilizing research - research that has been done before , namely the concept of female autonomy ( Mason and Smith , 2003) and the concept of the determinant ( Bongaarts , 1978) . The concept is referred to aspects of women's autonomy is the power of women to make household economic decisions , the power of women to make decisions about family size , women freedom of movement , individual attitudes toward gender attitude of the community , and the movement of women in decision-making ( Mason and Smith , 2003 . Determinants required for connecting between socio - economic variables - culture with fertility because after all , there are facts that can not be denied that fertility is the result of biological activity . The results showed that although the values at the community level suggested to have the number of children that a lot , to a certain extent , the women in the study area can control the number of children they have. This control works through Desired fertility and the determinants , namely : the use of contraception and delay the age of marriage is influenced by women's autonomy and power as proposed by Mason and Smith ( 2003) . Women's autonomy and power in question is the power of women in economic decision-making , decision-making power of women in family size , their physical freedom of movement , the size of the gender attitudes at the community level , and their space in household decisionmaking . The conclusion of this study indicate that in the study area , the use of contraception is more influential in affecting fertility than the actual delay marriage age. Keywords : Gender Relationships, Fertility, Aspects of Women's Autonomy and Power , Desired Fertility, Actual Fertility, Reuters Determinants

KELEMBAGAAN DALAM SISTEM PERTANIAN PADI SEHAT Indriana, Hana; Tonny, Fredian; K. Pandjaitan, Nurmala
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Organic agriculture system has already developed and sustain until today in the middle of agricultural modernization. It's become an alternative to build sustainable agriculture and institutional support become important element to build it. Related to that, the objective of this research was to analysis how is an agriculture sustainability will be built supported by sustainable institutions in organic agriculture system. The study is a sociological research which assumed itself into constructivist paradigm, which is a qualitative exploration, with specific cases using multi-method. The research was held on October 2008 until February 2009 and located in Ciburuy Village with paddy peasant community as the unit of analysis. The result of the research shows that organic agriculture system in Ciburuy Village is healty rice agriculture system which produce SAE branded rice (Healthy, Save, and Delicious). Technically, the system has not yet became pure organic agriculture which free of synthetic chemical because the using of chemical fertilizer. Nevertheless, a process and also an implementation of the system related to the principles of organic agriculture system. So that, production techniques, social relationships, and the rules that embedded in were built to build agriculture sustainability. With the development of healthy rice farming systems, do not change a working relationship system of division of labor and wage system between tenant farmers and farm laborers. Similarly at harvest activity. The differences appear in the presence of mechanisms that shape institutional providers of fertilizer and pesticides, institutional Cooperative Farmers Group "Lisung Kiwari", institutional post-harvest, and institutional distribution of rice SAE as a product of healthy rice. Keywords : organic agriculture system, institutions sustainability, sustainable agriculture, people center development

PERLAWANAN TERSAMAR ORGANISASI PETANI: SINERGI ANTARA KEPENTINGAN PEMBANGUNAN DAN ABSTRACT KEPENTINGAN GERAKAN SOSIAL Purwandari, Heru; Kolopaking, Lala M; Tonny, Fredian
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

This study goal is understanding people movement development that articulated through organization construction. Farmer as social entity faced with structural pressure that obstruct the social transformation movement. According to the facing problems, these are natural when approach that developed by farmer organization is the community development strategy. Production center oriented for the latest 30 years have become the development ideology. Critic toward this paradigm as described above brought in to the community development (CD) approach. Unfortunately CD produce dependence with the elite structure and program, elite domination and effort to integrating farmer to high capital condition. Besides that problem, CD preserve community stability and disappear social change and social movement. Looking to this fact, farmer organization that prepared as case study develop a new paradigm for the community development which more intense to the people center development. This effort can be held with self govern building and farmer authority. Practically; choosing paradigm for people center development strategy. Differentiation between early CD with the CD as the strategy that will be directed to the people center development lie on the result. CD as the strategy is not resulting dependence otherwise achieving access and control to the resources. Those explanation above really want to describe that farmer achieving specific ways to reach organization goals. Paradigm resistance have been doing with the hidden tactic. Concept that founded in this research is disguised resistance. Disguised resistance indicated hidden strategy that used to reach organization agenda. Disguised resistance is the alliance model between maintaining social existence and the effort to the social deconstruction. Resistance have been doing bellow the government development propaganda and doing the redefinition to those propaganda in to the paradigm ways more oriented to the people center oriented. Keywords: Disguised Resistance, Farmer Organization, Farmer Self Govern, Farmer Authority

DAMPAK REMITAN EKONOMI TERHADAP POSISI SOSIAL BURUH MIGRAN PEREMPUAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA Asih Sulistiyo, Putri; Sri Wahyuni, Ekawati
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

The objectives of this study are to analyse the push-pull factor of international migration and the impact of economic re mittance s t o migrant women’ s soc i al posit i on i n t he house hol d. Background of i ts research is feminization of international migrant into line with the phenomenon of economic globalization. The magnitude economic remittances generate by the women migrants pre sumabl y wi ll aff ect women’ s social position in the houshold. Culturally, women in this areas do not have a strong decision making power relative to the men in the household. The women migrant working abroad was mainly driven bThe women migrant working abroad was mainly driven b proverty. The return women migrant are likely to have stroger decision making power in the household be case of their major contribution in the household economy. Keywords: woman migrant, social position, household.

PENDAMPINGAN PEREMPUAN KORBAN TINDAK KEKERASAN OLEH PUSAT PELAYANAN TERPADU PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK (P2TP2A) Sitoresmi, Rr. Niken; Amanah, Siti
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2012): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Gender as a social construction and beliefs that thrive in the community produce gender inequalities experienced by women. This makes the weak position of women so prone to cases and acts of violence. Comprehensive facilitation for victims of violence are indispensable so that there should be an institution that takes care of this. Therefore, this study was done to find out, identify, describe and analyze the facilitation of women victims of violence by the integrated services centre empowerment of women and children (P2TP2A) DKI Jakarta. The research used survey using questionnaires, instruments was designed following concepts on gender ideology and the role of facilitation from P2TP2A DKI Jakarta. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were used to explain research results. Gender ideology attached to the respondents pointed out that the majority of the respondents have a positive gender ideology that leads to equity and equality of gender. The majority of respondents have knowledge about violence are high by agreeing to things that are associated with violence. There is no signification between the ideology gender of women victims with violence experienced. On the other hand, there is a signification between knowledge about violence of women victims with violence experienced. Respondents perceive that facilitation from P2TP2A DKI Jakarta is effective according to the needs of the victims. The activities conducted by P2TP2A help assisted process of recovery and motivate the women to have specific life skills, such as household economics. Keywords: violence, recovery, empowerment, women victims, P2TP2A.

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