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INDONESIA
Journal of Natural Sciences
Published by Mahesa Research Center
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27215571     DOI : 10.34007
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Natural Sciences is a scientific publication media in the study and development of Science in the fields of science and Education (Biology, Chemistry, and Physics). The Journal of Natural Sciences includes scientific writings in the form of conceptual, research results as well as relevant issues in the fields of science and education. The Journal of Natural Sciences is published three times a year.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ilmu Lingkungan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 128 Documents
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Analisis Cemaran Plumbum (Pb) pada Manisan Buah Kaleng Menggunakan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom Anggraini, Deby Ayu; Suharsih, Suharsih; Parinduri, Junaidi
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1140

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with abundant tropical fruit production; therefore, fruit processing into preserved products such as candied fruit is widely carried out to extend shelf life. One form of processed fruit product is candied fruit packaged in cans. However, canned packaging has the potential to cause heavy metal migration into food products. This study aimed to determine the level of lead (Pb) contamination in canned candied rambutan, peach, and lychee. This research employed a quantitative descriptive approach with analysis using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. The samples consisted of canned candied rambutan, peach, and lychee obtained from supermarkets in the Kutai Kartanegara area. The samples were digested through an ashing process at 500°C and subsequently analyzed using AAS at a wavelength of 324.8 nm. The results showed that all samples contained Pb at relatively low levels. The Pb concentration in candied rambutan ranged from 0.0014–0.0015 mg/kg, in candied peach was 0.0015 mg/kg, and in candied lychee ranged from 0.0016–0.0017 mg/kg. These values were below the maximum permissible limit for heavy metal contamination established by the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM), which is 0.1 mg/kg. Therefore, the analyzed canned candied fruit products are considered safe for consumption based on the Pb contamination parameter.
SDGs in Indonesian Biology Teacher Education: A PLO-Based Curriculum Analysis Aprilisa, Ema; Limiansi, Kintan; Febriyantiningrum, Kuntum
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1116

Abstract

Teacher education plays a strategic role in preparing future educators to address global sustainability challenges articulated in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aims to examine how Biology Teacher Education curricula in Indonesia align with the SDGs through an analysis of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs). A qualitative case study design was employed using document analysis of PLOs from Biology Education programs at three public universities ranked among the top 20 institutions in Indonesia according to the Scimago Institutions Rankings (SIR) 2025. A benchmarking framework was applied to assess the extent to which PLO indicators support the achievement of the 17 SDGs. The findings reveal varying degrees of alignment across institutions. Research competencies, scientific problem-solving skills, and technology integration demonstrate the strongest alignment with SDG targets, while environmental knowledge and laboratory skills particularly support goals related to quality education, innovation, and environmental sustainability. However, character- and religiosity-oriented outcomes do not explicitly correspond to specific SDG targets, and overall integration remains implicit rather than systematically embedded within the curriculum. These results indicate the need for more explicit curriculum mapping to ensure coherent and comprehensive integration of SDG dimensions in Biology Teacher Education programs.
Evaluasi Status Mutu Air Sungai Deli Kota Medan Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran Nuriyana, Nuriyana; Gusdini, Ninin; Febriana, Laila
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1139

Abstract

The water quality of the Deli River has declined due to pressures from domestic and industrial activities as well as land use changes. This study aims to evaluate the water quality status of the Deli River in Medan City using the Pollution Index (PI) method. The study was conducted in 2024 at two locations (upstream and downstream) during the rainy and dry seasons. Data were obtained through laboratory analysis of physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters based on the water quality standards of Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. The results showed that most parameters met the quality standards during the rainy season, while increased pollutant concentrations were observed in the dry season, particularly total phosphate (0.92 mg/L) and cadmium (0.02 mg/L), which exceeded the permissible limits. The Pollution Index indicated good water quality during the rainy season (0.370–0.541) and lightly polluted conditions during the dry season (1.833–3.117). The PI values tended to increase from upstream to downstream due to the accumulation of pollutant loads. It can be concluded that the water quality of the Deli River is influenced by seasonal variation and anthropogenic activities, with more degraded conditions occurring during the dry season and in downstream areas.
Similaritas dan Korelasi Tumbuhan Invasif pada Tegakan Eksotik di Kawasan Lindung di Kawasan Lindung PT Musi Hutan Persada, Sumatera Selatan Huda, Muhammad Komarul; Setiawan, Arum; Oktariansyah, Yadi; Yustian, Indra; Setiawan, Doni; Pragustiandi, Guntur; Pranoto, Aidil Fitra
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1087

Abstract

Invasive alien plants pose a major threat to biodiversity, particularly in conservation areas embedded within industrial plantation forest landscapes dominated by exotic species. This study aimed to analyze the composition and dominance of invasive plants, community similarity, and their correlations with Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus pellita stands in the Protected Area of PT Musi Hutan Persada, South Sumatra. Vegetation analysis was conducted using a nested quadrat sampling method across four stand types (control, A. mangium-dominated, E. pellita-dominated, and mixed stands), with 60 purposively selected plots. Data were analyzed using the Important Value Index (INP), Jaccard similarity index, and Spearman correlation. The results identified 20 invasive plant species, with Eleusine indica as the most abundant. A. mangium and E. pellita exhibited the highest INP at the tree stratum. Similarity analysis indicated variation in species composition, with a tendency toward community homogenization in some locations (≥0.80). Correlation analysis revealed that A. mangium was positively associated with Imperata cylindrica and Chromolaena odorata, while E. pellita was associated with Clidemia hirta and Piper aduncum. These findings highlight the ecological role of exotic stands in shaping the distribution patterns of invasive plants.
Eksplorasi dan Keanekaragaman Jamur Makroskopis di Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Gunung Bromo Karanganyar sebelah Timur Syihab, Naufal Khoirus; Saputra, Yuanda Eka; Kusumawardani, Agita Asri; Setyaningsih, Endang
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1119

Abstract

Macrofungi are important components of forest ecosystems that function as decomposers in the breakdown of organic matter. Information on fungal diversity in the Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK) Gunung Bromo Karanganyar, particularly on the eastern lower slope, remains limited. This study aimed to explore and identify macrofungi in this area. The research used an exploratory method through a free-roaming field survey along the first ±5 km of the eastern lower slope. Each fungal sample encountered was directly observed at the site of discovery and identified based on the macroscopic morphological characteristics of the fruiting bodies and their growth substrates. The results recorded 9 species of macrofungi belonging to two divisions, namely Basidiomycota (7 species; 77.8%) and Ascomycota (2 species; 22.2%). Approximately 77.8% of the species were found growing on decaying wood, with Schizophyllum commune showing the highest occurrence frequency. These findings indicate that the macrofungal community is dominated by saprotrophic fungi, which play an important role in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems.
Pengembangan E-Module Sistem Ekskresi Berbasis Model OIDDE untuk Peserta Didik MTsN Kota Batu Indriani, Vivi; Hudha, Atok Miftachul; Hindun, Iin
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1129

Abstract

Biology learning on the human excretory system topic often encounters challenges due to the abstract and complex nature of the material, thus requiring interactive digital teaching materials that can enhance students’ engagement in the learning process. This study aimed to develop an excretory system e-module based on the OIDDE learning model (Orientation, Identify, Discussion, Decision, and Engage in Behavior) and to determine its validity and practicality. This research employed a Research and Development (RD) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The product was validated by subject matter, language, and media experts and was limitedly tested with one biology teacher and 30 eighth-grade students at MTsN Kota Batu. Data were collected using validation sheets and response questionnaires based on a four-point Likert scale and were analyzed descriptively using percentage calculations. The results showed validity levels of 85% from subject matter experts (valid), 90% from language experts (very valid), and 95% from media experts (very valid). The practicality test results indicated percentages of 95% from the teacher and 90% from students, both categorized as very practical. Therefore, the OIDDE-based e-module is considered valid and practical and has the potential to support more active and meaningful biology learning at the junior secondary school level.
Analisis Dominansi Gulma Invasif Berdasarkan Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR) pada Perkebunan Karet di Gandus, Palembang Wahyuni, Artika Sri; Huda, Muhammad Komarul; Marisa, Hanifa; Lamin, Syafrina; Jannah, Roudhotul
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1088

Abstract

Invasive weeds possess high adaptability and dispersal capacity, enabling them to alter plant community structure across various agroecosystems, including rubber plantations. This study aimed to identify invasive weed species and analyze their dominance based on the Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR) in a rubber plantation in Gandus Subdistrict, Palembang City. The study employed vegetation analysis using a purposive sampling method with quadrat transects across three observation zones (front, middle, and back of the plantation), each consisting of seven plots measuring 2 × 2 m. Vegetation parameters analyzed included relative density, relative frequency, importance value, and SDR. The results recorded 15 weed species from 8 families with a total of 315 individuals, with Asteraceae representing the most dominant family in terms of species richness. SDR analysis indicated that Rolandra fruticosa was the most dominant species (28.27%), followed by Asystasia gangetica, Digitaria ciliaris, Ageratum conyzoides, and Synedrella nodiflora. The dominance of these species reflects high ecological pressure within the rubber plantation agroecosystem, facilitating the proliferation of invasive weeds. These findings provide baseline information on weed community structure and can serve as a reference for developing more effective weed management strategies in rubber plantations.
Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPA Kelas VII Astuti, Asmi; Kashardi, Kashardi; Hartati, Merri Sri
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Sciences Maret
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v7i1.1135

Abstract

Critical thinking ability is one of the important competencies that need to be developed in science learning. However, learning that is still dominated by conventional methods causes students' critical thinking abilities to not develop optimally. This study aims to determine the differences in the effects of Problem Based Learning (PBL), Project Based Learning (PjBL), and conventional models on students' critical thinking abilities in science learning for grade VII at SMP Negeri 01 Lebong. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a Pre-Test Post-Test Control Group Design. The research sample was taken using a simple random sampling technique consisting of two experimental classes using the PBL and PjBL models and one control class using the conventional model. Data collection was carried out using an essay test to measure students' critical thinking abilities. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test. The results of the study showed a significant difference in students' critical thinking abilities in the three treatment classes. The Project Based Learning (PjBL) model was proven to be more effective in improving students' critical thinking abilities compared to the PBL and conventional models.

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