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INDONESIA
Journal of Natural Sciences
Published by Mahesa Research Center
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27215571     DOI : 10.34007
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Natural Sciences is a scientific publication media in the study and development of Science in the fields of science and Education (Biology, Chemistry, and Physics). The Journal of Natural Sciences includes scientific writings in the form of conceptual, research results as well as relevant issues in the fields of science and education. The Journal of Natural Sciences is published three times a year.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ilmu Lingkungan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 117 Documents
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Penerapan Inquiry Learning Berbasis Merdeka Belajar untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fisika Siswa Kelas X Rezeki, Nani Sri; Damanik, Dede Parsaoran; Purba, Andre Agachi
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences Juli
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i2.931

Abstract

Physics learning practices in schools are still largely dominated by monotonous, teacher-centered approaches, which contribute to low student engagement and academic achievement. This study aims to improve student activeness and Physics learning outcomes through the implementation of the Inquiry Learning model based on the Merdeka Belajar (Freedom to Learn) concept. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design conducted in two cycles. The subjects of this study were 25 tenth-grade students at SMA Desa Maju. Instruments used included multiple-choice tests to measure learning outcomes and observation sheets to assess student engagement. The results indicated a significant improvement, with the average learning score increasing from 29.00 in the pre-cycle to 47.50 in the first cycle, and reaching 87.83 in the second cycle. Student engagement also improved progressively in each session. These findings demonstrate that the implementation of the Inquiry Learning model based on the Merdeka Belajar concept is effective in enhancing both engagement and Physics learning outcomes.
Lesson Study dan Booklet Tanaman Obat Simalungun: Strategi Inovatif dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Purba, Ika Rosenta; Saragih, Marlindoaman; Huda, Muhammad Komarul; Damanik, Ali Akbar
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences Juli
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i2.915

Abstract

Globalization and modernization are the causes of the degradation of local wisdom, including knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. This study aims to integrate local wisdom of Simalungun medicinal plants in science learning to improve student learning outcomes. The method used is Classroom Action Research in two cycles, each consisting of the Plan, Do, See stages. Data were collected through pretest and posttest tests and observations of learning implementation. The results showed an increase in the average pretest score from 57.83 to 77.83 in cycle I, and from 66.08 to 80.43 in cycle II, with classical completeness increasing from 60.87% to 82.60%. Changes in learning strategies through heterogeneous grouping and the use of concrete media contributed to students' conceptual understanding. The conclusion of this study confirms that learning that integrates local wisdom-based media in a reflective and collaborative framework can encourage significant and contextual improvements in learning outcomes.
Identifikasi Hama Dan Strategi Pengendalian Pada Perkebunan Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabika L.) Di Kecamatan Naman Teran Kabupaten Karo Prastio, Bayu; Setiawan, Andi; Warsito, Kabul
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences Juli
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i2.932

Abstract

The high incidence of pest attacks in coffee plantations has led to a decline in both the productivity and quality of coffee. As an initial step in addressing this issue, it is essential to collect data on the types of pests that attack coffee plantations in a particular area. This study aimed to identify pest species and determine appropriate control strategies in Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations in Sigarang-garang Village, Naman Teran Subdistrict. Pest observation was conducted using the random sampling method, and the data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the main pests found in the coffee plantations of Sigarang-garang Village included the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei), coffee branch borer (Xylosandrus spp.), and green scale insect (Coccus viridis). Effective pest control requires several specific measures, including the application of pesticides, regular pruning, and crop rotation.
Potensi Mikroorganisme dalam Makanan Fermentasi Lokal Indonesia sebagai Pangan Fungsional Muttaqin, Salwa Zainum; Napitupulu, Alexis Rachel Maria Rosauli; Mamangkey, Jendri
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences Juli
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i2.864

Abstract

This study aims to examine the potential of microorganisms in Indonesian local fermented foods as functional food through a qualitative descriptive approach using literature review. Traditional fermented foods such as tempeh, oncom, shrimp paste (terasi), brem, lemea, kabuto, poteng reket, and swansrai are cultural products rich in various microorganisms, including Rhizopus sp., Neurospora sitophila, Lactobacillus sp., and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These microorganisms play essential roles in the fermentation process, producing bioactive compounds such as lactic acid, probiotics, proteolytic enzymes, and B-complex vitamins that provide physiological benefits beyond basic nutritional functions. Fermentation not only enhances nutritional value and food safety but also offers positive health effects, including maintaining gut microbiota balance, boosting immunity, reducing the risk of degenerative diseases, and serving as natural antimicrobials and antioxidants. Data were collected from national and international scientific literature published in the last ten years. The findings indicate that Indonesian local fermented foods hold great potential to be developed into functional foods based on local wisdom. With appropriate utilization of natural microorganisms, traditional Indonesian foods can contribute to food security, public health, and the sustainable development of the functional food industry.
Identifikasi Molekuler Pelawan Kepuh (Tristaniopsis obovata Benn.) dari Pulau Bangka Berdasarkan Gen Internal Transcribed Spacer Saputri, Rinny; Arsyadi, A.
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i3.1005

Abstract

Penelitian ini melanjutkan identifikasi Pohon Pelawan dan mendeskripsikan DNA Barcoding Pelawan Kepuh (Tristaniopsis obovata Benn.) dari Pulau Bangka Belitung berdasarkan gen Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS). DNA barcoding dari identifikasi molekuler ini akan dimasukkan ke basis data NCBI Genbank untuk menjadi standar dalam identifikasi Tristaniopsis obovata Benn berdasarkan gen ITS. Penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi spesies endemik Tristaniopsis obovata Benn yang belum ada status konservasi dalam IUCN Red List Threated species. Pengumpulan sampel daun Pelawan Kepuh dari Hutan Pelawan Namang, Kabupaten Bangka Tengah. Analisis molekuler dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gen penanda Tristaniopsis obovata Benn. DNA barcoding Tristaniopsis obovata Benn menghasilkan urutan panjang 651 pasangan basa gen ITS. Berdasarkan hasil DNA BLAST, Pelawan Kepuh dari Hutan Pelawan Namang, Kabupaten Bangka Tengah memiliki kemiripan 99,84% dengan Tristaniopsis obovata yang ditemukan di Hutan Adat Tukak, Kabupaten Bangka Selatan dan 99,04% dengan Tristaniopsis obovata yang ditemukan di Pengelolaan Hutan Sigambir Kotawaringin, Kabupaten Bangka. Analisis pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa Tristaniopsis obovata Benn. dalam penelitian ini dikelompokkan dalam satu klaster dengan spesies Tristaniopsis obovata lainnya. Ini menunjukkan bahwa ITS memberikan determinasi yang lebih menjanjikan dibandingkan penelitian sebelumnya dengan gen rbcL dalam mengidentifikasi Tristaniopsis hingga ke tingkat spesies. Analisis sekuens DNA barcoding dengan whole genom diperlukan untuk melengkapi identifikasi Pelawan Kepuh. 
Pemetaan Tren Pembelajaran Ekologi di Sekolah Menengah Pertama: Kajian Sistematis atas Strategi, Media, dan Kompetensi Siswa Wicaksana, Dhafa Satrio Rizki; Amelia, Rizki Nor
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i3.1030

Abstract

This study aims to map trends in ecology learning at the junior high school level based on learning strategies, learning media, and student competencies. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a PRISMA approach applied to 30 articles published between 2015 and 2025, selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis was conducted descriptively and quantitatively to examine the frequency and tendencies of each aspect. The results show that learning strategies constitute the most dominant category (40%), followed by learning media (33%) and student competencies (27%). The most frequently used strategies are Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Inquiry, with worksheets (LKPD) and e-modules serving as effective media for improving students’ scientific literacy and critical thinking skills. The study concludes that trends in ecology learning at the junior high school level are oriented toward constructivist, problem-based, and technology-driven approaches.
Perbandingan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Karotenoid pada Mikroalga Chlorella Vulgaris dan Chlorella Pyrenoidosa Musifa, Eva
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i3.999

Abstract

Microalgae are a potential source of biological biomass due to their ability to produce various bioactive compounds. This study aims to analyze the growth curves and carotenoid content of two microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris and Chlorella Pyrenoidosa, to evaluate their potential as natural carotenoid sources. Microalgae cultures were cultivated in two different types of media, namely F1/2 Guillard and Walne. Growth monitoring was carried out by measuring dry biomass and cell density at a wavelength of 680 nm, while carotenoid content was analyzed spectrophotometrically at wavelengths of 470, 652, and 665 nm. All experiments were carried out in triplicate (n = 3) to obtain representative. The results showed that both species have distinctive growth patterns with different logarithmic phases. Chlorella Vulgaris showed a higher growth rate than Chlorella Pyrenoidosa, namely 0.80 ± 0.013 g/L and 0.43 ± 0.002 g/L for each microalgae. In addition, Guillard's F1/2 medium was proven to be more effective in supporting microalgae growth and carotenoid production in both microalgae strains, namely 0.653±0.018 µg/g for Chlorella Vulgaris and 0.436±0.049 µg/g for Chlorella Pyrenoidosa with a sig p value 0.05. These findings indicate that the selection of appropriate species and culture medium greatly influences microalgae productivity.
An AI-Assisted Systematic Review of Biology Learning Strategies for Sustainability Husamah, H.; Rahardjanto, Abdulkadir; Permana, Tutut Indria; Shukri, Ahmad Adnan Mohd
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i3.1019

Abstract

This study aims to uncover key strategies in biology learning that support sustainability through a Scopus AI–assisted literature review. Using a qualitative review approach combined with clustering and concept mapping techniques, 68 Scopus-indexed journal articles published between 2015 and 2025 were analyzed. Searches employed both natural language and Boolean keyword queries: (“biology” OR “life science”) AND (“education” OR “learning”) AND (“sustainability” OR “environmental”). Conceptual synthesis revealed three interrelated domains, Environmental Awareness, Student-centered Pedagogies, and Sustainability Education, each encompassing strategies such as experiential and problem-based learning, SDG-integrated modules, biomimicry-based innovation, and community engagement. These findings indicate that biology learning for sustainability extends beyond content mastery toward transformative pedagogy and ecological ethics, positioning biology as a platform for cultivating ecological citizenship. However, the study is limited by its reliance on Scopus AI metadata and abstracts, which may not fully capture methodological nuances and contextual depth of the original studies.
Development of Uno Biology Card Game Media on Reproductive System Material Puspitasari, Milannia Eka; Sofiyana, Marinda Sari; Sholihah, Mar'atus
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i3.1029

Abstract

The lack of interactive and engaging learning media often makes biology lessons, especially those involving sensitive topics such as the human reproductive system, feel monotonous and less effective for students. This research aims to develop a biology learning media in the form of a card game called Kartu Uno Biologi, adapted from the popular UNO game format. The goal is to improve student engagement, communication skills, and learning outcomes. The development model used in this study is ADDIE, which consists of five stages: Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The media was validated by experts in material, media, and language, and was tested on students through small group trials and classroom implementation. The validation results showed that Krtu Uno Biologi was considered valid (68% from material experts) and very valid (86% from media experts). The practicality test showed that the media was easy to use with a score of 82.22%, and the effectiveness test indicated an improvement in students’ understanding and oral communication, with a normalized gain score of 0.669 (medium category). Based on these results, Kartu Uno Biologi is suitable for use as an alternative and effective biology learning tool.
Feed Efficiency and Growth Modeling of KUB Chicken: A Comparison Between Commercial and Alternative Feeds Oktariansyah, Yadi; Cahyani, Riski; Masito, Masito
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i3.989

Abstract

Feed costs constitute a major expense in poultry production, emphasizing the need for efficient feeding strategies among smallholder farmers. The Ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) chicken is a promising native breed, yet limited research integrates feed efficiency with growth prediction modeling. This study evaluated commercial and alternative feed types while developing growth models. Twenty-five KUB chickens (~7 days old) were assigned to five dietary treatments: 100% commercial feed, 100% corn, 100% rice bran, 50% commercial + 50% corn, and 50% commercial + 50% rice bran, arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. Body weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly for four weeks and analyzed using ANOVA. Nonlinear models (Exponential, Gompertz, Logistic) were applied for growth prediction. Feed type (F = 14.30, p 0.001), week (F = 292.68, p 0.001), and their interaction (F = 3.53, p 0.01) significantly affected body weight. The mixed diet of 50% commercial feed and 50% corn produced the highest final weight (228.8 g), while corn and rice bran diets resulted in lower growth. Logistic models best described balanced diets, whereas Exponential models reflected nutrient-limited growth, providing predictive insights aimed at enhancing feed strategies for smallholder farmers.

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