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Marcellino Rudyanto
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Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Kampus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya-60115, East Java, Indonesia
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Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23028270     EISSN : 28081048     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v8i2.31763
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Medicine & Pharmacology
to facilitate interaction, discussion, and updating of research ideas in the fields of pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Development, Organic synthesis, Analytical chemistry, Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nutraceutical / functional foods.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Farmakologi
Articles 55 Documents
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Analysis of Cyclamate Content in Unbranded Instant Herbal Medicinal Drink on Market in the City of Pamekasan Jamila, Nur; Rahman, Alief Putriana; Humaidi, Fauzan
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51955

Abstract

Jamu was one of the traditional medicines because most herbal medicine used natural ingredients or plants. One of the safety of herbal medicine was the absence of abuse such as the addition of artificial sweeteners in the form of cyclamate. Cyclamate was one of the artificial sweeteners that had a sweetness level 30 times higher than natural sweeteners. Excessive use of cyclamate could cause cancer and tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence or absence of cyclamate content and levels in ready-to-drink herbal medicine without a brand sold in the Pamekasan City market. This research was conducted qualitatively with precipitation methods and quantitative with gravimetric methods. From qualitative research, the results of sample A found a white precipitate which indicated a positive sample containing cyclamate. While samples B and C found no deposits indicating that the sample was negative cyclamate. Furthermore, a positive sample was carried out quantitative testing. In determining cyclamate levels, sodium cyclamate levels in sample A were obtained at 4,8047 g/kg, so that the serving rate or per 1 bottle of herbal medicine contains 115,312 g/0,6 kg. This exceeded the threshold determined by BPOM Regulations which is 1,25 g/kg. The conclusion of this study was that 1 out of 3 positive samples contains cyclamate with levels that exceeded the threshold determined by BPOM RI No. 32 of 2019. Keywords:  Jamu, Cyclamat, Gravimetry
Detection of Aflatoxin Content in Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) Simplicia at Karang Penang Market using PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) Method Indriyani, Nova; Rahman, Alief Putriana; Humaidi, Fauzan
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i1.51957

Abstract

Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) was a food ingredient widely used as a cooking spice. Candlenuts that were stored for too long rotted more easily and grew fungi, especially Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. These types of fungi could produce mycotoxin compounds which were dangerous when consumed by humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of aflatoxin content in candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) in the Karang Penang Sampang market. This research used total sampling. Candlenuts chosen as samples were all the candlenuts sold unwrapped by sellers in the Karang Penang market. This method used PDA media with the Pour Plate technique and an incubation time of 7 days. The results of the study showed 8 samples of candlenut with positive packaging containing the fungus Aspergillus niger with blackish-brown colonies and 1 sample of candlenut without positive packaging containing the fungus Aspergillus flavus with round yellowish-green colonies. In this study, it was concluded that the candlenuts circulating in the Karang Penang Sampang Market were positive for Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. Keywords:  Soft Capsule, Increase Effectiveness, α-tocopherol, Vitamin E, Antioxidant
Potential of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) as an Additional Therapy for Dengue Fever Mahalaksmi, Alika Sabrina; Salam, Anisa Rakhmania; Rania, Athaya Putri; Ekapratista, Belinda Nabilah; Wardhana, Brahma Wisnu Kusuma; Novian, Farah Kusuma Wardhani; Laksmi, Farika Dyani Laksmi; Najlaa, Fatimah Ahla; Pradnyanantha, I Putu Bagus; Hardiyanti, Merry; Haliza, Nabila Nur; Pramesti, Ragil Putri; Amalia, Savira Rizky Meisya; Kusumawati, Idha; Widyowati, Retno
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i1.55137

Abstract

Dengue fever had been a global health problem for over five decades, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. It was caused by a viral infection that spread from mosquito to human. Natural sources had the potential to serve as an alternative therapy for dengue fever, such as Psidium guajava L. Its leaves contained several compounds and exhibited various bioactivities. This research aimed to explore the potential of Psidium guajava as an additional therapy for dengue fever patients. The method used was a narrative literature review that searched literature in primary data sources such as national and international journals through databases like PubMed and Scopus. The results reported that quercetin was one of the compounds found in Psidium guajava that affected dengue fever. It suppressed the intracellular replication of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) and inhibited ATPase in DENV-4. Additionally, quercetin also stimulated stem cell factors in bone marrow stromal cells to produce thrombopoietin, which functioned to regulate platelet production in the spinal cord. Thus, Psidium guajava had the potential and effectiveness to be used as an alternative therapy for dengue fever.Keywords: Dengue Fever, Guava, Quercetin, Thrombopoietin, Alternative Therapy
Prediction of the Potential of Benzoxazinone, 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[1,3]oxazin-4-one, and 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)vinyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one as New Anti-Tuberculosis Nofianti, Kholis Amalia; Hakim, Luqmanul; Suzana; Ifadotunikamah, Farida
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i1.56056

Abstract

Even though it had been almost five decades, the decline in the prevalence of tuberculosis had still been low due to the rise of drug resistance. Recently, benzoxazinone compounds had begun to gain potential as anti-tuberculosis agents because of their interesting structure and similarity to isoniazid, the most widely used TB drug, which had reportedly experienced many cases of resistance. This research tested the ability of the core compound benzoxazinone and its two derivatives to bind to the enoyl ACP-CoA receptor, which was responsible for the formation of mycobacterial walls. In silico tests were carried out using pkcsm to determine the pharmacokinetic profile, and molecular docking tests using Molegro Virtual Docker were conducted to determine the pharmacodynamic profile through binding to the enoyl ACP-CoA receptor. The selected receptors were downloaded from the protein data bank with the code 2IDZ. The research results showed that the three test compounds had good intestinal and skin absorption profiles, indicating that they could be administered orally or transdermally. The docking results, expressed by moldock score and rerank score, showed that the three test compounds had better potential compared to isoniazid. Thus, the test compounds could be developed as new anti-tuberculosis agents. Keywords:  Tubercolosis, Benzoxazinone, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Pkcsm, Molegro Virtual Docker
The comparison Study of Synthesis p-Methoxycinnamoylhydrazide by Conventional Thermal Heating and Microwave Irradiation Sulistyowaty, Melanny Ika; Nusandari, Ratna; Rudyanto, Marcellino; Ekowati, Juni
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i1.56153

Abstract

Previous studies had shown that ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMS) had various bioactivities, such as analgesic and anti-inflammatory through COX inhibition. Due to its unique structure, this compound was modified into a selective COX-2 inhibitor. In this research, EPMS was isolated from Kaempferia galanga L. and used as a starting material to be reacted with hydrazine hydrate to obtain 3-(4-methoxyfenil)propanehydrazide. This synthesis was carried out using conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The microwave irradiation was chosen because of its potential to reduce reaction time and increase yield. Next, the crude product was purified using column chromatography to produce a pure product, where characterization and structural analyses of the compound were carried out using the TLC test, melting point test, IR, 1H-NMR, and UV spectroscopy. The results showed that the product produced was 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanehydrazide with a yield of 0,76% by conventional thermal heating and 7,90% by microwave irradiation. Keywords:  EPMC, Hydrazine Hydrate, 3-(4-Metoxyphenyl)propanehydrazide, Conventional Heating, Microwave Irradiation
Formulation And Test Effectiveness Of Antifungal Cream Of Mugwort Ethanol Extract (Artemisia vulgaris L) On Candida Albicans ATCC 10231 Yaya Sulthon Aziz; Naila Matsna Assyifa; Amalia Rahma Pratiwi; Siska Tri Wahyuni
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i2.56171

Abstract

According to the people of the Tengger Tribe for generations, a Mugwort plant (Artemisia vulgaris L.) was believed to be useful as a treatment for fungal infections. Based on research reports, the Mugwort plant (Artemisia vulgaris L.) contained bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids. These active compounds had activity as an antifungal. This study aimed to formulate, evaluate, and test the activity of a cream preparation with type m/a ethanol extract of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) in inhibiting the growth of the fungus Candida albicans ATCC 10231. This type of research was laboratory experimental research. Samples were taken by simple random sampling to test the inhibition of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The results of the physical quality test of Mugwort leaf extract (Artemisia vulgaris L.) cream from the 4 formulation with test parameters including organoleptic, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity test, were in accordance with the established quality standards. The results of the physical evaluation of the antifungal cream showed organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH 6, spreadability test F1 5.2, FII 5.1, FIII 5.3, and FIV 5.4 cm, FI adhesion test 5.3, FII 5.3, FIII 5.4, and FIV 5.5 seconds. Meanwhile, in the viscosity test the results were FI 24,606, FII 30,836, FIII 40,198 cP, and FIV 38,695 cP. The inhibition test results were analyzed by calculating the average for each concentration, performed three times. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Mugwort leaf (Artemisia vulgaris L.) cream had antifungal effectiveness with an average value of 8.6 mm at a concentration of 2.5% (moderate category), 10.3 mm at a concentration of 5% (medium category), 11 mm at a concentration of 10% (strong category) and 12 mm at a concentration of 20% (strong category). The study concluded that the ethanol extract of Mugwort Leaf (Artemisia vulgaris L.) cream was effective in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Keywords:  Mugwort (Artemisisa Vulgaris L), Antifungal, Candida Albicans ATCC 10231  
Diversifikasi Produk Kesehatan Berbahan Dasar Minyak Atsiri Serai (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) Favian Rafif Firdaus; Naima, Fathnin Ulya; Akbar, Achmad Naufal Maulana; Haq, Nimas Rizqi Firdausy; Lestari, Dewi; Setiawan, Catur Dian; Widyowati, Retno
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i2.57498

Abstract

Lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) had many benefits, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory properties, and effectiveness as a repellent against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. These oils were processed into various household products, such as bar soap, carbolic floor cleaner, and aromatherapy candles. This research aimed to manufacture bar soap, carbolic floor cleaner, and aromatherapy candles on a laboratory scale that homemakers could replicate. Bar soap was made using VCO, palm oil, and olive oil, which were mixed with an NaOH solution. Aromatherapy candles were produced using solid paraffin that was melted and mixed with lemongrass essential oil, while carbolic floor cleaner was made using a combination of two phases: the oil phase, which used texapon, and the water phase, which used hexylene glycol. The results showed that the products had adequate physical characteristics and economic value. In addition to being beneficial for health, the products could also be marketed to increase family income.   Keywords:  Lemongrass Essential Oil, Health Products Formulation, Bar Soap, Aromatherapy Candles, Carbolic Floor Clearner
Formulasi Sediaan Masker Clay Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Dan Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Alfiraza, Ery Nourika; Endang Istriningsih; Nadiyya Rizka Maulana
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i2.61858

Abstract

One type of cosmetic product used to care for facial skin is a mask. Clay masks are masks that contain mineral materials derived from clay, especially kaolin and bentonite. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in concentration in formula F0 (0:0) FI(2:6), formula  FII (4:4), and formula  FIII (6:2) with a combination of papaya leaf extract and soursop leaf in clay mask preparations. This study uses an experimental approach, which starts with preparing a mask preparation and then evaluating the mask preparation. The results of One Way Anova's data analysis show that the sig value is 0.000 < 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected. The results of organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, dispersion, adhesion, dry time, viscosity, irritation, and stability showed that all concentrations of formula F0, FI, FII, and FIII met the requirements. The results of all concentration differences in F0, FI, FII, and FIII showed that the combination of papaya leaf extract and soursop leaf extract could be made in clay mask preparations.   Keywords:  Papaya Leaves, Soursop Leaves, Mineral Clay
A UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SEDIAAN LIP BALM EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEJI BELING (Strobilanthes crispus Blume) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrihidrazil) Sinta Nuraesa; Susanti Susanti; Ali Nofriyaldi
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i2.62646

Abstract

Keji beling leaves contained compounds that have the potential to act as moisturizers, namely flavonoids with catechins that function as high antioxidants in preventing free radicals. Keji beling leaf extract can be used as a preparation to overcome dry lips, namely as a moisturizer in the form of lip balm preparations. The purpose of this study was to formulate a lip balm from ethanol extract of keji beling leaves, and to determine the antioxidant activity. This research method included 70% ethanol extract of keji beling leaves with the maceration method and antioxidant activity, namely the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) with Vitamin C as a positive control (comparator). The results showed that formula 3 lip balm preparations with 70% ethanol extract of keji beling leaves had antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 3.12 ppm in the very strong category.   Keywords:  Antioxidant, Keji Beling Leaves (Strobilanthes crispus Blume), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), Lip Balm
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Temurui (Murraya koenigii L Spreng) Dengan Penentuan Kandungan Senyawa Aktif Menggunakan UPLC-MS Afandi, Trisno; Permata, Intania; Hariyanto Hariyanto; Rahmat, Nahzim; Nainggolan, Fernando
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i2.63923

Abstract

People have historically utilized temurui leaves to treat diabetes and diarrhoea. This study aimed to determine the temurui leaf extract's antioxidant properties. Antioxidant activity was examined on methanol, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of temurui leaves using the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl) techniques spectrophotometrically at wavelengths of 720 and 517 nm, respectively. Antioxidant activity parameters were measured based on the IC50 value. The results showed that methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts of temurui leaves had relatively weak antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 179,745±4,26; 189,730±15,403; and 282,244±12,297 mg/L (DPPH method) and 287,305±19,054; 344,809±63,907; 505,065±32,567 mg/L (FRAP method), respectively. Therefore, methanol extract of temurui leaves has the potential as a better antioxidant than n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. The UPLC-QTof-MS/MS analysis indicated that the methanol extract of these leaves consists of 13 chemicals such as phenolic, steroid, and alkaloid groups which are closely related to its antioxidant properties.   Keywords:  Murraya koenigii L spreng, Antioxidant, DPPH, FRAP, UPLC-MS

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