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Marcellino Rudyanto
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Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Kampus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya-60115, East Java, Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23028270     EISSN : 28081048     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v8i2.31763
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Medicine & Pharmacology
to facilitate interaction, discussion, and updating of research ideas in the fields of pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Development, Organic synthesis, Analytical chemistry, Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nutraceutical / functional foods.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Farmakologi
Articles 60 Documents
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Synthesis of Methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylate using Domestic Microwave Irradiation at 200 Watt Power Moch Davit Abdul Majid; Ekowati, Juni; Purwanto, Bambang Tri
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.38479

Abstract

In this study, a methylation reaction was carried out for the p-coumaric acid compound using potassium carbonate as a base and dimethyl carbonate as a methylation agent with acetone as a solvent. The methylation reaction was carried out using microwave irradiation from microwave domestic with a power of 200 watts. The purity test was carried out on a TLC plate using three different eluents and produced a single stain that was different from the initial compound. The phenol functional group tested with FeCl3 reagent showed a positive purple color. Compound identification was done using an FT-IR spectrophotometer and a 1H-NMR spectrometer. In the synthesized FT-IR spectrum, there was an absorption of the ester group at wave numbers 1671 cm-1 (C=O group) and 1243 cm-1 (C-O group), there was a band at 3378 cm-1 indicating the presence of the phenol group. There were differences in fingerprint results in the FT-IR spectrum of the p-coumaric acid compound and the results of the methylation reaction. The 1H-NMR spectrum confirmed the presence of three methyl ester protons of the carboxylic acid and the phenolic OH. This indicated that the synthesis produced a compound, namely methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylate. Keywords: methyl (E) 3-(4hydroxyphenyl) acrylate), p-coumaric acid, Potasium Carbonate, Microwave Irradiation, Synthesis
Identification of Paracetamol and Caffeine in Jamu Powders Simultaneously Using TLC-Densitometry Wahyuningsih, Etik; Isnaeni, Isnaeni; Asri Darmawati; Annisa Kartika Sari
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.44242

Abstract

Paracetamol and caffeine were chemical compounds suspected to be illegally added to traditional herbs claimed as rheumatics drugs. Identification of paracetamol and caffeine was conducted on five samples of jamu powder obtained from the Depot Jamu in Surabaya. This study aimed to simultaneously identify paracetamol and caffeine commonly found in traditional medicine, one of which was jamu powder, using thin-layer chromatography densitometry (TLC-Densitometry). Evaluation of the presence of paracetamol and caffeine in the product of jamu was performed by thin-layer chromatography with silica gel GF254 and chloroform-ethyl acetate (1:1) as the stationary and mobile phases, respectively. The spots on the TLC plate were detected using a UV light at 254 nm, and the areas were measured by a Camag TLC scanner. The TLC profile demonstrated good separation of paracetamol, caffeine, and other substances contained in the products. The retardation factors (Rf) of paracetamol and caffeine were 0,42 and 0,26, with detection limits of 0,0125 µg/spot and 0,05 µg/spot, respectively. The simultaneous identification of caffeine and paracetamol using thin-layer chromatography densitometry revealed that none of the five samples were detected to contain paracetamol and caffeine. Keywords:  Simultaneously, Identification, Paracetamol, Caffeine, Jamu Powder, TLC- Densitometry
Improving the Bioavailability of Curcumin in Curcuma heyneana by Preparing Solid Dispersion Sudjarwo, Sudjarwo; Bobsaid, Jihan; Windianto, Farhan Rizqi; Rizkyah, Chaerini; Shaffiqa, Nurul; Putra, Anggara Satria; Jaelani, Mochammad Iqbal; Zulfah, Yasmin; Nareswari, Andwynanda Bhadra; Fridayanti S, Septia Indah; Devitri, Nabilah Apsari; Yakub, Nikolas; Putri, Yushalluuna Bekti Pasuka; Widyowati, Retno
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.44546

Abstract

Curcuma heyneana or Temu Giring contained curcumin which had anti-aging potential and was traditionally used as a body scrub. This potential comes from the active ingredient (curcumin) which could prevent premature aging with its activity as an antioxidant, inhibitor of the tyrosinase enzyme, and inhibitor of the collagenase enzyme so that it can prevent hyperpigmentation and inhibited the breakdown of collagen which can have an impact on skin aging. Oral dosage forms for anti-aging had started to be found on the market and were becoming a trend because of their convenient use. However, it is known that curcumin as an active ingredient of Temu Giring, had poor solubility and bioavailability. The bioavailability of curcumin was low when administered orally due to its low absorption and its stability which decreased significantly when the pH was above 7. This study was a literature review of national and international literature databases which aimed to determine the potential for increasing the bioavailability of curcumin using solid dispersion techniques. The results obtained indicated that making Temu Giring extract tablets containing curcumin using the solid dispersion method could increase the bioavailability of curcumin by overcoming the poor solubility, permeability, absorption and stability of curcumin. By designing the Temu Giring extract using a solid dispersion method, the curcumin could be completely dissolved and absorbed when released into the stomach. Keywords:  Curcuma heyneana, Temu Giring, Anti Aging, Tablet, Curcuminoid, Antioxidant, Solid Dispersion
Molecular Docking Study of Ferulic Acid Analog Compounds as Lung Antifibrotic at TGF-β1 Receptors Pebrianti, Denayu; Ekowati, Juni; Ainurrizma, Dhea Ananda
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.45430

Abstract

Pulmonary fibrosis was one of the conditions that occurred in Post-COVID Syndrome patients. Development of specific treatment as an agent to treat pulmonary fibrosis was still ongoing. Ferulic acid was a compound that had a potential lung antifibrotic agent through the inhibition of TGF-β1-mediated signaling. Molecular docking studies using the AutoDock Tools program version 1.5.7 were conducted on ferulic acid and its analogs to determine the activity of compounds as antifibrotic. Furthermore, the interaction of the compounds with the receptor was visualized using the Discovery Studio 2021 program. The results showed that ferulic acid and its analogs had lower free energy than Pirfenidone, which was a standard lung antifibrotic drug. 4-Benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid was the compound that had the greatest activity. The group that contributed to the ligand-receptor interaction was the aromatic group with π interaction. Keywords:  Molecular Docking, AutoDock, Antifibrotic, TGF-β1, Ferulic Acid
Potential of Collagen as an Active Ingredient in Cosmetics Denayu Pebrianti; Mikhael Ardi Kristiawan; Rima Hidayatul Qoiriyah; Siti Nur Kholisah; Aulia Hanin Fakhira; Laila Nur Azizah; Cindi Dia Rakhmawati; Muhammad Hilal Salim; Aviatus Solikhah; Rohana Ayu Pramesti; Rika Putri Septiawati; Melanny Ika Sulistyowati; Muh. Agus Syamsur Rijal
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.46518

Abstract

Skin was the part of the outer body that was most often exposed to external factors, especially ultraviolet radiation. The skin had an important role in supporting the appearance so that it could affect human social life. Skin aging was a process of decreasing the body's physiological functions that could not be avoided. The aging process of the skin could be caused by a decrease in collagen density and replacement of essential structural proteins so that the skin loses its integrity and elasticity. Collagen was the most abundant protein in humans which could be found in bones, muscles, skin and tendons. Several studies had shown that damaged collagen fibers could be replaced by new fibers when collagen production was stimulated, which was why many cosmetic industries were competing to develop the use of collagen. Collagen had shown potential as an antioxidant, skin moisturizer, and anti-aging. Therefore, this article examined the benefits of collagen, especially in the cosmetic field. This article also discussed the sources of collagen with the best properties as active ingredients for skin care products. Keywords:  Collagen, Cosmetics, Antioxidants, Moisturizers, Anti-Aging
Evaluation of Oral Preparations of Vitamin E as Antioxidant Using DPPH Method (Diphenyl picrylhydrazyl) Broto Anung Laksono; Nawal Ariqoh Rif'at; Tsabitah ‘Afiy Arsyah; Erlisa Alya Hanifah; Evi Wiela Astuti; Happy Rizki Rakhmawati; Clarisa Dian Cahyani; Hanun Najwa; Ariesta Yusuf Adyatama; Dena Septiyani; Zabrina Izatti Rachman; Agda Rismafuri Mukti Kirana; Achmad Toto Purnomo; Retno Sari
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.47115

Abstract

This article aimed to evaluate the activity of Vitamin E as an antioxidant in oral pharmaceutical preparations. Vitamin E was an essential nutrient soluble in fat that had the pharmacological effect as an antioxidant. Vitamin E consisted of α, β, γ, δ-tocopherol and α, β, γ, δ-tocotrienol. The activity of Vitamin E was observed for its ability to inhibit reduction using the DPPH method. The antioxidant activity was calculated as an inhibition concentration of 50% (IC50), which was the concentration of a sample that could reduce 50% of DPPH. It was known that IC50 of Vitamin E was very strong with a value of 42,86%. Based on the article review, it could be concluded that the activity of Vitamin E as an antioxidant in oral pharmaceutical preparations was very high and strong. Keywords:  Vitamin E, Alpha-Tocopherol, Antioxidant, Activity, IC50, Oral Pharmaceutical Preparations
Validation of Analytical Method of Testing Cefotaxime Sodium in Injection Powder Preparation by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Aneu Aryani Pratiwi; Dikdik Mulyadi; Devi Indah Anwar
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.47179

Abstract

Cefotaxime sodium was an antibiotic drug included in the third-generation cephalosporin group. The aim of this research was to validate the method used for the analysis of cefotaxime sodium injection powder using HPLC. Parameters performed in this study included system suitability, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, Limit of Detection (LOD), and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). In this study, the mobile phase used was phosphate buffer pH 6,25 with methanol in the ratios of (30:70), (40:60), (50:50), (60:40), and (70:30) v/v. The analysis was carried out using a 150 × 4,6 mm 5μm C18 column and phosphate buffer pH 6,25 with methanol (40:60) v/v as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and a detector at a wavelength of 235 nm. The results showed that the system suitability test results met the requirements, with a plate number of 2288, a standard deviation of 0,93%, and a tailing factor of 1,3. The linearity results met the requirements of r ≥ 0,999 with LOD and LOQ values of 3,3894 ×10⁻⁴ mg/mL and 1,0271 ×10⁻³ mg/mL, respectively. The accuracy results obtained a recovery value of 99,30% and an RSD of 0,48%. Precision results of repeatability and intermediate precision had RSDs of 0,38% and 0,85%, respectively. Robustness test results obtained a recovery value of 100,25% and an RSD of 0,85%. The results showed that the recovery values (98-102%) and RSD ≤ 1,5% were in accordance with the validation requirements. It was concluded that the validation of the proposed method was recommended and could be used for routine analysis. Keywords:  Cefotaxime Sodium, Method Validation, HPLC
Determination of Queercetin Content in Preparation of Powder Extract of Starfruit Leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) by Tlc-Densitometry Sudjarwo, Sudjarwo; Zulfiyah Emaz; Amirudin Prawita
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.51432

Abstract

Quercetin was a flavonoid from Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. which had a variety of potential therapeutic uses. Therefore, this research was needed to determine the quercetin content in Averrhoa bilimbi L.’s extract powder. Method validation was performed to ensure that an analytical method met the criteria and requirements of a good analysis method. Method validation used was the first category with parameters of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. The content of quercetin in Averrhoa bilimbi L.’s leaf was small, which required the parameters of Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). The analysis method was by TLC-Densitometry with Silica gel 60 F254, eluent of toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:3:1) as the mobile phase with a resolution of 1,67 and 1,60, respectively. The results showed a linear regression of y = 8122,4899 x + 1181,9943 (r: 0,9976; Vxo 4,88%). The accuracy was 90,2% (w/w) ± 5,89; the coefficient of variation of precision was 1,35%; LOD and LOQ were 0,0064 µg, and 0,0215 µg, respectively. The determination result showed that quercetin content in the leaf extract in ethanol of Averrhoa bilimbi L. was 0,58% (w/w) ± 0,04, and the determination of quercetin from 4,0 g extract powder of Averrhoa bilimbi L. leaf showed that the average content of quercetin was 6,05 ± 0,09 mg. Keywords:  Quercetin, Extract Powder, Averrhoa bilimbi L, TLC-Densitometry
Color Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Red Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Calyx Infuse Sholika Sari, Trisiyana; Kusumawati, Idha; Isnaeni, Isnaeni
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51706

Abstract

The roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), was known as a potential functional food source because of its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Apart from that, it was also used as a natural dye because of its red color. Antioxidant compounds in roselle flowers included neo-chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, crypto- chlorogenic acid, routine, and isoquercitrin. The high content of these antioxidant compounds often causes color instability. For this reason, this research would analyzed the effect of temperature and long storage on color changes and the antioxidant activity of a red roselle flower infusion. Storage conditions were carried out with three temperature variations, namely cold temperature (2–8℃), cool temperature (8–15℃), and room temperature (15–30℃), with a long storage of 8 days. The stability parameters used were color changes and activity as an antioxidant. Color changes were measured using a chromameter, while the antioxidant activity was measured by the IC50 value using the DPPH method. The principle of this method was based on a purple color change reaction, which faded, and then the inhibitory intensity against DPPH was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. It was found that the color values had significant differences visible from the first day storage at the room temperature (30℃), cool temperature (11℃), and cold temperature (6℃). Thus, there was an influence of temperature and long storage on the color change of boiled red roselle flower calyx. A significant decrease in activity was seen on the first day storage at room temperature (30℃) and third day storage at cool temperature (11℃). Meanwhile, at cold temperatures (6℃), there was no significant effect on the reduction in activity from boiling red roselle flower calyx for up to 8 days of storage. Keywords:  Red Rosela, Stability, Infuse, Color, Antioxidant
The Effectiveness of Vitamin E Soft Capsules as an Antioxidant Putri, Syakirah Yasmin; Isadiartuti, Dewi; Isnaeni, Isnaeni; Aulya Farah Fahreza; Alvina Violita Mulyanto Putri; Zulfa Diana; Nafa Nazilatul Fatihah; I Gede Rekyadji Arimbawa; Alya Fakhirah; Talitha Nabilla Wijayanata; Muhammad Pramudya Pangestu; Azzalia Firdanthi; Oudrey Addriana; Umi Aida Rohma
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i1.51902

Abstract

Antioxidants inhibited the oxidation of other molecules and played an important role in maintaining a healthy body. Antioxidants were found in fruits, vegetables, all parts of plants, and were present in the body as enzymes or products of metabolism. Vitamin E referred to a large number of natural or synthetic compounds, with alpha-tocopherol being the most active and widely distributed form in nature. Alpha-tocopherol was the most active antioxidant form of vitamin E and served as the primary lipophilic antioxidant in plasma, membranes, and tissues. The most important function of vitamin E was its antioxidant capability, counteracting free radical attacks that could damage cells and cause various degenerative diseases. Additionally, antioxidants helped reduce the effects of photoaging on the skin, potentiated anti-aging and anti-inflammatory activity, increased the rate of wound healing, and helped maintain healthy eyes and the immune system. One form of vitamin E dosage form was a soft capsule, which had several advantages, including the ease of filling the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) in liquid form, higher production capacity, and formulation uniformity compared to gelatin tablets or hard capsules. Soft capsule preparations also had rapid API release, which could result in achieving therapeutic blood levels more quickly and achieving greater bioavailability. This study aimed to evaluate soft capsule dosage forms in enhancing the effectiveness of vitamin E as an antioxidant. The research utilized review articles sourced from national and international journals, as well as scientific journals. The results showed that vitamin E supplementation in soft capsules could increase its effectiveness as an antioxidant.Keywords:  Soft Capsule, Increase Effectiveness, α-tocopherol, Vitamin E, Antioxidant

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