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Journal of Social Research
Published by CV. International Journal Labs
ISSN : 28279832     EISSN : 2828335x     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55324
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Science, Education, Social,
Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences
The Journal of Social Research is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly by International Journal Labs. The Journal of Social Research provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. The journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of social sciences, ranging from Management, Economics, Culture, Law, Public Health, and Education that belong to the social context.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,230 Documents
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Investigating the Performance of a 50MW CFB Boiler in a Coal-Fired Power Plant through Co-Firing with Gamal Biomass and RDF Suryanugraha, Arifta; Saputera, Wibawa Hendra; Wulandari, Winny
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 7 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i7.2566

Abstract

The co-firing program at coal-fired power plants (CFPP) is part of PT PLN (Persero)’s short-term strategy to support Indonesia’s Net Zero Emission (NZE) target by 2060. Biomass and Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) are among the promising co-firing fuels. Biomass is considered carbon-neutral, while RDF helps reduce environmental waste. This study evaluates the technical effects of co-firing Gamal and RDF at blending percentages of 5%, 15%, and 30%, focusing on boiler performance and plant efficiency. SteamPRO software by Thermoflow was utilized to simulate and analyze the power plant’s thermodynamic performance under each co-firing condition. The simulations show that fuel specification or fuel composition and calorific value significantly affect key performance parameters. Co-firing with Gamal increases the Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) from 3034 kcal/kWh (baseline) to 3065, 3136, and 3264 kcal/kWh for 5%, 15%, and 30% co-firing, respectively. Plant efficiency correspondingly declines from 28.35% to 28.05%, 27.42%, and 26.35%. Boiler efficiency also drops from 83.69% to 82.98%, 81.47%, and 78.92%. RDF, in comparison, results in smaller deviations, with NPHR reaching only 3062 kcal/kWh and plant efficiency decreasing slightly to 28.08% at 30% co-firing. The lower calorific value of Gamal (2481 kcal/kg) increases the total fuel flow and raises auxiliary power consumption in the draught system, especially in the PA, SA, and ID fans, whereas RDF causes only minimal deviations. Emission results show that Gamal, with 0.07% sulfur, reduces SO? emissions from 0.474 to 0.4326 kg/MWh at 30% co-firing, while RDF increases it to 0.4905 kg/MWh due to higher sulfur content (0.42%). Uncorrected CO? emissions rise with Gamal but decrease after applying the carbon-neutral factor, from 984 to 730 kg/MWh at 30%. These results emphasize the importance of co-firing fuel specification selection and blending percentage optimization to balance performance and environmental outcomes.
AI Analysis in Digital Cultural Transformation: Theories, Cases, and Their Implications for Society Gaffar, Abd.
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2567

Abstract

This article explores the transformation of digital culture through the in fluence of artificial intelligence (AI), focusing on how these technologies are changing the way individuals and communities interact with media, technology, and social policy. AI, increasingly integrated in various aspects of everyday life, affects forms of social interaction, information distribution, as well as identity and cultural formation. Through the analysis of various current concepts, theories, and case studies. This article identifies AI's key role in creating more per sonal and directed digital experiences, while exploring emerging ethical and social challenges. The research combines theories of social construction of technology, posthumanism, and social criticism of technology to provide a deeper understanding of AI's impact on contemporary society and culture. Key findings suggest that while AI offers great potential in improving accessibility and efficiency, the use of these technologies can also worsen social inequality and increase control of surveillance. This article suggests the need for more rigorous regulations to regulate AI use and optimize its positive impact, as well as the need to continue to develop an understanding of the interaction between humans and machines in social and cultural contexts. This research contributes to critical thinking about AI's role in shaping digital culture and provides direction for furthers research as well as more inclusive and ethical policies in the development of these technologies..   
Analysis of Land Cover Changes in the Forest Area of Lindu Sub District Using Sentinel 2A Images Misrah, Misrah; Arianingsih, Ida
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2568

Abstract

Land cover change in forest areas are complex phenomena that have ecological, social, and economic impacts. Remote sensing is very useful for monitoring and mapping land cover changes because it can provide information about the earth's surface quickly, accurately, easily, and covers a wide area. Sentinel-2A imagery is a satellite remote sensing data with a high spatial resolution and has been widely used for land cover mapping. The study intends to analyze land cover changes in the forest area of Lindu District using Sentinel-2A imagery. The study was conducted in the forest region of Lindu Sub District, Central Sulawesi Province. The study found that the accuracy level of the classification output was 97.47% (Overall Accuracy) and 88.20% (Kappa Accuracy). The types of land cover produced consisted of forests, dryland agriculture, shrubs, grasslands, rice fields, swamp shrubs, and water bodies. Land cover that experienced changes were forests (decreased by 883.13 Ha), grasslands (decreased by 7.56 Ha), dryland agriculture (increased by 819.2 Ha), paddy field (decreased by 1.2 Ha), open land (increased by 36.31 Ha), and shrubs (increased by 28.23 Ha, swamp shrubs (increased by 9.51 Ha), water bodies (decreased by 1.36 Ha).
Pandora’s Box of Food Estate: An Examination of Food Securitization in Jokowi’s Second Term Through Just Securitization Theory Akbar, Rafi Faishal; Wiswayana, Wishnu Mahendra
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2569

Abstract

This research investigates the securitization of food in Indonesia through the Food Estate program implemented during President Joko Widodo’s second term (2019–2024), with a focus on pilot projects in Central Kalimantan and North Sumatra. Using Rita Floyd’s Just Securitization Theory (JST) as the analytical framework, the study assesses the ethical legitimacy of the securitization process by examining its initiation, conduct, and termination. Employing a qualitative, case study-based approach and analyzing secondary data from government reports, NGO findings, and academic literature, the research reveals that the Food Estate program fails to meet all three JST criteria. Despite being justified by the COVID-19 crisis, data showed no actual rice shortages, undermining the claim of an existential threat. The conduct of the program marginalized indigenous communities, bypassed environmental regulations, and prioritized corporate interests over local needs, violating principles of proportionality and human rights. Furthermore, the program has continued to expand even after the pandemic’s end, without plans for desecuritization or restoration, violating JST’s just termination principle. The findings contribute to securitization scholarship by pioneering the application of JST to food policy and illustrating how securitization can entrench elite interests and bypass democratic governance. The study calls for institutional safeguards, indigenous inclusion, and environmental accountability in future food resilience strategies to prevent the misuse of emergency rhetoric for long-term political and economic gain.
Modus Operandi of Transnational Online Gambling Syndicates in the Indonesia-Cambodia Region: Analysis in the Perspective of Transnationalism Laras, Firman Prima; Rusdiyanta
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2570

Abstract

Transnational online gambling syndicates in Southeast Asia exploit digital platforms, regulatory gaps, and labor migration to operate across jurisdictions, with Indonesia-Cambodia as a critical nexus. This study examines the syndicates’ modus operandi—recruitment, operational networks, and evasion tactics—through the lens of transnationalism, addressing gaps in state-centric crime analysis. A qualitative case study analyzes secondary data (2020–2025) from academic journals, UN reports, and media, triangulated for validity. Syndicates recruit via social media (Facebook, WhatsApp), exploit migrant labor in Cambodian SEZs, and leverage cryptocurrencies to evade detection. Their fluid networks adapt to law enforcement, highlighting the inadequacy of domestic legal frameworks. The study calls for cross-border collaboration among intelligence, financial, and migration agencies, alongside digital platform regulation, to dismantle these networks. It also urges further research on transnational crime’s financial-digital dimensions and the efficacy of ASEAN cooperation.
Factors Causing the Change of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land to Non-Agricultural in Ogan Ilir Regency Saputro, Eko; Endaryanto, Teguh; Haryono, Dwi
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2571

Abstract

Rapid urbanization and infrastructure development, notably the Trans-Sumatra Toll Road, have intensified the conversion of sustainable food agricultural land (LP2B) to non-agricultural uses in Pemouthan sub-district, Ogan Ilir Regency, threatening regional food security. This study analyzes the interplay of economic, technical, and policy factors driving LP2B changes and evaluates their relative impacts. Quantitative methods were employed, including cluster sampling (92 farmers), high-resolution satellite imagery (2020–2025), and path analysis to model causal relationships. Economic factors (low income, high land value) were most influential (34%), followed by technical (irrigation, machinery; 19.8%) and policy factors (toll roads, spatial planning; 17.5%). Statistical tests (t-test, F-test) and a high determination coefficient (R²=93.6%) confirmed these variables’ significance. The study calls for targeted policies to enhance farmers’ income, improve agricultural infrastructure, and enforce spatial regulations. Future research should explore socio-cultural dynamics and climate adaptation strategies to bolster land preservation.
Humanitarian Law Education for Military Members in Preventing Violations and Building Combat Professionalism Alam, Saiful; Sihombing, Rooy Candra; Susilo, Tarsisius; Limbong, Benny; Soeprianto, Agus
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2572

Abstract

Humanitarian law education for military members is a fundamental pillar in efforts to build the professionalism of soldiers while preventing human rights violations during armed conflict. This study analyzes the urgency and effectiveness of humanitarian law education in the military environment, highlighting educational approaches, implementation challenges, and real impacts on the field. Departing from the assumption that a lack of understanding of humanitarian law is one of the root causes of violations that occur in war, this study presents a critical examination of training programs in several countries that have successfully implemented them systematically, such as Switzerland, Norway, and Colombia. Using a qualitative approach and literature study methods, this article constructs the argument that humanitarian law education not only instills legal norms, but also shapes the moral integrity and combat ethics of a soldier. The results of the study show that a structured, realistic, and contextual humanitarian law education program is able to significantly reduce the potential for violations. In Indonesia, humanitarian law education still faces structural and cultural challenges, such as a lack of integration in the basic military curriculum and a limited number of competent instructors. Therefore, this article recommends a comprehensive reform of the military curriculum, teacher capacity building, and strengthening post-training evaluations. Overall, this article emphasizes that humanitarian law education is an indispensable prerequisite for creating a professional, humanistic, and international standard military force. Through the formation of a strong understanding of the law since basic education, it is hoped that soldiers will be able to balance the success of combat missions with adherence to universal humanitarian values.
Islamic Educational Values in the Baritan Tradition in Maron Village Garung District Wonosobo Regency Amin, Moh.; El Syam, Robingun Suyud
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2573

Abstract

Indonesia’s pluralistic society faces cultural erosion due to globalization, necessitating the preservation of local traditions infused with religious values. The Baritan tradition in Maron Village, Wonosobo, exemplifies Javanese-Islamic syncretism, yet its Islamic educational dimensions remain underexplored. This study aims to uncover the Islamic educational values within Baritan, framing it as a tool for spiritual and communal resilience. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, analyzed to reveal deeper meanings beyond generalizations. Baritan embodies Islamic values—gratitude, disaster prevention, kinship, mutual cooperation, and ecological spirituality—serving as a conduit for personal, social, and ecological piety. Its rituals (e.g., Wedus Kendit sacrifice, communal feasts) reinforce divine-centric worship and environmental stewardship. The study advocates integrating Baritan’s values into Islamic education curricula to counteract cultural degradation. Future research should explore its role in sustainable development and intergenerational transmission.
Technical Management Impact Assessment Wastewater Against Health Problems in Sanitarian Workers at Hospital X With A Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) Approach Nurdiyanto, Miftakhul; Joko, Tri; Raharjo, Mursid
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2574

Abstract

Hospital wastewater, laden with organic, microbial, and chemical contaminants, poses significant environmental and occupational health risks. Despite regulations, gaps persist in integrated assessment and mitigation strategies. This study evaluates the environmental and health impacts of wastewater management at Hospital X using LCA, identifying hotspots in energy use, chemical toxicity, and worker exposure. A mixed-methods approach combined LCA (SimaPro 9.0, ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint) with surveys of 33 sanitarian workers. Data included WWTP performance metrics, effluent quality, and health complaints. The WWTP (100 m³/day) exceeded capacity (105 m³/day), with aeration (45% of GHG emissions) and chlorine use (20% human toxicity) as key hotspots. Health surveys revealed 85% of workers suffered respiratory/skin issues, correlating with LCA-identified exposure risks. The study underscores the need for capacity expansion (?300 m³/day), automation (sludge handling), and renewable energy integration, offering a model for sustainable hospital wastewater management in Indonesia.
Governance and Optimization of Non-Tax State Revenues from the Utilization of Fishery Resources in Indonesia Sary, Zulfadli Ahmad; Ulupui, Igka; Pahala, Indra
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2575

Abstract

Indonesia’s fishery resources hold significant yet underutilized potential for Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP), with realization rates stagnating at 73.3% due to governance inefficiencies, weak coordination, and outdated policies. This study analyzes PNBP governance challenges, explores optimization strategies (e.g., digitization, PIT policy), and evaluates their potential to enhance revenue while ensuring sustainability. A qualitative case-study approach was employed, using in-depth interviews, document analysis, and observations at Indonesia’s Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, framed by good governance and fiscal theories (Miles & Huberman, 2014). Key barriers include regulatory mismatches, multispecies management complexities, and low stakeholder engagement. The PIT policy and e-PIT digitization demonstrate promise in boosting revenue (e.g., via quota systems) but require stronger enforcement and cross-sector synergy. The study contributes to fiscal decentralization theory and offers practical solutions (e.g., tariff adjustments, transparency mechanisms). It calls for future quantitative-spatial research to address data gaps and integrate socio-environmental dimensions.

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