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Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing (JMDT)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 27161293     EISSN : 26858029     DOI : 10.22146
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Design of mechanical components used in engineering structures, machines and engines, computer aided design (CAD), computer aided manufacturing (CAM), the development of methodology for designing machine elements or mechanical components. Finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, computational heat and mass transfer, applied mechanics, biomechanics. Manufacturing technologies, materials processing technologies, conventional and non-conventional machining, powder metallurgy, casting, welding, additive manufacturing and rapid prototyping, automation. Evaluation of engine performance, tribology and lubrication, engine maintenance, testing of mechanical components, materials characterizations, failure analysis. Experimental fluid dynamics, multiphase flow, heat and mass transfer, pump and compressor. Energy conversion, turbo machineries, internal combustion engines, power plant. Mechanical engineering education, learning method for mechanical engineering education, engineering ethics.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 83 Documents
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Studi Awal Fenomena Osilasi Antarmuka Air-Udara pada Pipa Vertikal dan Hubungannya dengan Frekuensi Osilasi dan Level Getaran Sucipto, Sucipto; Miasa, I Made; Widyaparaga, Adhika; Prakarso, Hendro
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 5, No 2 (2023): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.73688

Abstract

Fluida dapat digunakan untuk meneruskan energi mekanika namun hal tersebut tergantung pada beberapa parameter tertentu yaitu stabilitas dan tegangan permukaan fluida yang dipengaruhi oleh gaya tarik-menarik antar molekul. Dari proses transfer energi mekanika tersebut, studi awal untuk mengetahui pengaruh osilasi antarmuka air-udara akibat dari instabilitas antarmuka fluida pada pipa dilakukan. Pipa vertikal dan plunger diinstalasi secara aksial dengan permanent magnet exciter yang menerima input sinyal dari tone generator yang telah dikuatkan oleh power amplifier. Amplitudo dan frekuensi osilasi tertentu dari exciter diinvestigasi untuk menjelaskan fenomena instabilitas antarmuka fluida, yang dapat terlihat secara visual, akibat dari level getaran amplitudo tertentu yang diukur dengan menggunakan accelerometer. Grafik antara input frekuensi osilasi dengan amplitudo getaran pada saat terjadi instabilitas antarmuka fluida dibuat dengan pengambilan data level amplitudo getaran dengan rentang frekuensi dari 6 – 50 Hz dengan variasi diameter dalam pipa 40mm dan 50mm serta variasi volume 10-50 mL. Hasil pengukuran pada pipa dengan diameter dalam 40mm maupun 50mm menunjukkan bahwa dari setiap frekuensi yang diuji memiliki level amplitudo getaran yang unik untuk memicu terjadinya fenomena instabilitas antarmuka. Secara umum, bertambahnya frekuensi menyebabkan level amplitudo getaran yang dibutuhkan hingga memicu instabilitas cenderung menurun. Level amplitudo getaran yang dibutuhkan juga menurun seiring bertambahnya volume pada diameter pipa yang sama. Pipa dengan diameter dalam yang lebih besar, dalam penelitian ini 50 mm, membutuhkan amplitudo getaran yang lebih tinggi untuk menyebabkan instabilitas antarmuka dibanding pipa dengan diameter dalam 40 mm.
Components Design of Cube Cutter for Fruit and Meat: Strength Analyses Under Static and Fatigue Conditions Antonio, Ryan; Sutrisno, Dwiartha Pambudi Alif; Triawan, Farid
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 5, No 2 (2023): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.74251

Abstract

Food preparation is one of the longest and the most time consuming part in cooking a food. In the preparation phase, the food ingredients are often needed to be cut into cube shape or stick shape. Besides that, most of the small food industry needs to serve a lot of customers while having limited number of workers, causing the workers to be tired even before the cooking process begin. For this reason, this paper proposes a design idea of a cutting tool that can cut food ingredients into cube and stick shape. This design is also completed with the strength analysis to evaluate the components’ safety for applied force of 50 N. Furthermore, the strength analysis was done by a theoretical approach of static and fatigue loading. According to the analysis, the cutting tool has a safety of more than 3.7 for static loading and 2.14 for fatigue loading. This paper is expected to be used as a reference to create a cutting tool that can help workers in Indonesia.
Karakteristik Aliran Turbin Hidrokinetik Savonius Susunan Inward dan Outward Overlap dengan Dua Semicircular Blade-Flat Leading Edge Rozi, Khoiri; Kiono, Berkah Fajar Tamtomo; Haryanto, Ismoyo; Rahmansyah, Adam
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 5, No 2 (2023): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.74371

Abstract

Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mempelajari medan aliran melalui turbin hidrokinetik Savonius dengan flat-leading edge. Pengaruh ketebalan blade, overlap, dan kecepatan freestream disimulasikan menggunakan ANSYS FLUENT dengan model k-w SST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur aliran berubah seiring dengan meningkatnya putaran turbin dengan kompleksitas aliran terbentuk pada sudut putar yang lebih besar. Posisi inward dan outward overlap menciptakan pola aliran lebih kompleks. Koefisien torsi dan daya untuk blade tipis lebih tinggi daripada blade yang lebih tebal dan nilainya meningkat dengan peningkatan kecepatan aliran bebas.
Karakterisasi Sifat Fisis, Mekanis dan Redaman Akustik Kayu Lokal Sebagai Bahan Alat Musik Slamet, Sugeng; Santoso, Budi; Qomaruddin, Qomaruddin
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 5, No 2 (2023): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.74965

Abstract

Tanaman hutan tropis seperti gempol, sonokeling, mahoni, trembesi dan duren tumbuh subur di Indonesia. Selama ini pemanfaatan kayu hutan tersebut hanya digunakan untuk bahan mebelair dan bahan konstruksi bangunan secara turun temurun. Tidak cukupnya referensi terhadap karakteristik sifat fisis dan mekanis pada kayu lokal tersebut, menyebabkan pemanfaatannya tidak maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkarakterisasi sifat fisis dan mekanis kayu lokal sebagai bahan baku alat musik modern. Metode yang dilakukan adalah menentukan jenis kayu lokal meliputi kayu jenis gempol dan mahoni. Spesimen dilakukan foto makro, selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian kadar air, densitas, kekuatan tarik dan kekuatan bending. Pengujian sifat akustik dilakukan pada produk alat musik jenis biola terhadap kedua kayu tersebut. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan struktur serat kayu mahoni lebih halus dengan orientasi searah, sedangkan kayu gempol menunjukkan serat kasar dengan orientasi acak. Kadar air kayu lokal jenis mahoni 35,39%, sedangkan jenis gempol 49,98%. Densitas kayu mahoni 0,643 gr/cm3 dan kayu gempol 0,560 gr/cm3. Kayu lokal jenis mahoni mempunyai kekuatan tarik 60,46 MPa dengan kekuatan luluh 50,03 MPa, sedangkan kayu lokal jenis gempol 42,97 MPa dengan kekuatan luluhnya 35,56 MPa. Kekuatan bending kayu lokal jenis mahoni 87,96 MPa dan kayu gempol 66,50 MPa. Modulus elastisitas kayu mahoni 5,82 MPa dan kayu gempol 2,80 MPa. Uji akustik dengan membandingkan nilai logarithmic decrement (δ) terhadap redaman. Kedua kayu lokal tersebut menunjukkan redaman tinggi, sedangkan kayu import jenis spruce mempunyai redaman rendah.
Karakteristik dan Temperatur Nyala Api Pembakaran Biodiesel Berdasarkan Kadar Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Topayung, Christian Yuda; Nuryadin, Shakti; Sentanuhady, Jayan
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.95190

Abstract

Meningkatnya penerapan biodiesel yang bertujuan untuk suplementasi secara keseluruh atau sebagian bahan bakar untuk proses pembakaran dalam berbagai aplikasi industri memerlukan studi lebih lanjut mengenai karakteristik yang dihasilkan dari proses tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik pembakaran berbagai macam bahan bakar campuran yang dipengaruhi oleh variasi persentase biodiesel FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) yang berasal dari minyak sawit sebagai penggantinya, yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat burner. Bahan bakar disemprotkan dengan nosel 60 derajat berkapasitas 5 galon per jam. Parameter yang diukur adalah panjang nyala api berdasarkan waktu, kecepatan rambat nyala api dengan percepatan pada posisi axial di depan nosel, dan profil temperatur nyala api. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan bakar dengan persentase campuran FAME yang lebih rendah mengakibatkan proses pembakaran yang menghasilkan nyala api dengan nilai yang lebih tinggi pada parameter yang diamati, dan seiring bertambahnya persentase, nilainya terus menurun. Pengamatan ini dapat menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa properties bahan bakar seperti densitas dan viskositas bervariasi atau dipengaruhi berdasarkan persentase  bahan bakar.
Studi Sifat Keterbasahan pada Material Slumpring Bambu dengan Metode Pengukuran Sudut Kontak Permukaan Ahmad, Yusuf; Kusumaningtyas, Indraswari; Parikesit, Gea Oswah Fatah
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.97743

Abstract

Slumpring merupakan istilah dalam Bahasa Jawa untuk pelepah yang menyelubungi ruas batang bambu. Salah satu pemanfaatan slumpring ini ditemukan pada alat musik bundengan. Sebelum dimainkan oleh musisi, biasanya bundengan dilakukan proses perendaman untuk menghasilkan bunyi yang enak didengar. Selain itu zaman dahulu bundengan ini juga dimanfaatkan sebagai tudung pelindung hujan oleh penggembala bebek. Hal ini membuat interaksi slumpring dan air terlihat unik. Dari informasi tersebut menimbulkan sebuah dugaan bahwa slumpring memiliki dua sifat keterbasahan yaitu hidrofilik berdasarkan perlakuan oleh musisi terhadap bundengandanhidrofobik berdasarkan pemanfaatan bundengan oleh penggembala bebek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan dugaan tersebut dengan menganalisis sudut kontak pada dinding luar dan dinding dalam slumpring. Tidak hanya itu, penelitian ini juga mengukur sudut kontak yang terjadi pada area tengah dan tepi slumpring. Penelitian ini menggunakan peralatan sederhana dan telepon cerdas untuk merekam citra sudut kontak. Analisis citra yang dilakukan menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak ImageJ. Hasilnya kedua dinding dengan masing-masing sisinya ternyata memiliki sifat hidrofilik. Sudut kontak dinding luar area tengah dan tepi bernilai 60,4±8,4° dan 60,7±12,4° sedangkan sudut kontak dinding dalam area tengah dan tepi bernilai 42,1±9,7° dan 47,5±1,2°.
Experimental Investigation of Premixed LPG-Air Emission Profile During Flame Impingement Process Israq, Imam; Nuryadin, Shakti; Sentanuhady, Jayan
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.97745

Abstract

In the present study, emission profile of premixed 90% propane-10% butane flame, namely LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) was experimentally investigated. The fuel was mixed in premixed chamber which then ignited through 2 mm nozzle diameter. The fuel flow was controlled via solenoid valve installed upstream the burner body. This valve is synchronized with high-speed camera and thus, the flame kernel propagation can be captured.  In this experiment, the effect of equivalence ratio, initial pressure, and separation distance (H/D) on combustion emissions and flames that produced from a mixture of LPG-air fuel was investigated. The flue gas analyser probe was installed inside the contained flame impingement test allowing to record CO, CO2, and unburnt HC data. The variation of the equivalence ratio used in this study are 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2. For variations in initial pressure used, 1 bar, 1.2 bar, and 1.4 bar. Variation of separation distance (H/D) that will be used are 4.5, 5.5, and 6.5. The result of this experiment shows that CO increases with increase in equivalence ratio, and initial pressure of premixed gas. For separation distance CO level decreases as the plate progressively moves away from the nozzle. CO and CO2 concentration increases as the equivalence ratio and initial pressure increases. The highest average CO concentration was 183 ppm that was found in ER 1.2 with the lowest H/D. Highest mean CO2 concentration was found in the same ER with the highest H/D, which was 4267 ppm.
Implementation of Advanced Coal-Biomass Blending and Fuel Stock Management at Pelabuhan Ratu Power Plant Nurahman, Herowiko Thama; Hermawan, Heru
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.97746

Abstract

The issue of climate change is of particular concern to countries around the world, including Indonesia. Many efforts are being and will be made to contribute to addressing climate change issues. Pelabuhan Ratu Power Plant (3 x 350 MW) belongs to PT PLN Indonesia Power. In line with the PLN Transformation (GREEN aspect) and the PT PLN Indonesia Power program ("Green Boosters"), Pelabuhan Ratu Power Plant contributes to produce low-carbon sustainable energy by cofiring biomass (sawdust). There are two main challenges in implementing cofiring. The first is the poor biomass handling and blending methods that are typically used in power plants. The second is the low calorific value of coal and biomass blending due to the improper blending process. To overcome these challenges, Pelabuhan Ratu Power Plant has developed an advanced coal-biomass blending and fuel stock management digitalization. By applying advanced method of coal-biomass blend, the biomass utilization (total, monthly average, and daily average) increased significantly in 2022 and 2023. Total biomass utilization increased up to 171% and still possible to be higher. The green energy production increased up to 255% and GHG emission reduced up to 255%. The fuel stock management provides optimal blending recommendations as operators' guidelines. As a result, potential derating loss due to low calorific value of blended products can be reduced by 59.9%.
A Linear Regression Modeling Analysis of the Energy, Water, and Chemical Consumption in the Operating Configuration at 740 MW Priok Combined Cycle Power Plant Muhammad, Raihan; Rahman, Arief; Jamil, Muhamad Fauzi
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.97748

Abstract

In realizing efficient energy use, the Government of Indonesia has issued a National Energy Policy in Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah) No. 70 of 2009 concerning Energy Conservation, PT PLN Indonesia Power Priok Unit has carried out efficient operational activities. Therefore, to support the company's sustainability and operational performance, especially in terms of efficiency and operational activities, it is necessary to evaluate the process of energy use. The Combine Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) has several operating configurations according to the gas turbine, heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), and steam turbine amount. CCPP Priok Blok 3 operates full-block 2-2-1 or half-block 1-1-1, which means one gas turbine, HRSG, and steam turbine. This configuration of operation impacts the use of energy, water, and chemicals. For this reason, this project aims to model the use of energy, water, and chemicals using linear regression to determine which operating configurations are highly effective in using energy, water, and chemicals. The result of this linear regression modeling is that at the peak load, operation GT2 (gas turbine 2) is more energy efficient, 1.93% more efficient than GT1, than GT1 (gas turbine 1). At the minimum load, GT1 is 9.36% more energy efficient than GT2. At the same time, the water consumption of GT2 is 35.01% more efficient than that of GT1.
New Alignment Method Using Hydraulic Jack for Accelerating SWD 16 TM 410 R Engine and Generator Coupling Nugroho, Satriyo Dwi; Fajriannur, Fajriannur
Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Articles
Publisher : Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmdt.97749

Abstract

In 2019, the #6 PLTD Trisakti SWD (Stork Werkspoor Diesel) 16 TM 410 R underwent critical engine rehabilitation due to severe issues that had persisted since 2018. The rehabilitation necessitated the replacement of the crankshaft and bedplate. Given the engine and generator positioning adjustments, an alignment process was crucial to ensure correct realignment. Subsequently, the comprehensive rehabilitation efforts, containing alignment and engine-generator coupling, were concluded in March 2021. A misalignment issue was identified during the running test program as the generator shaft exhibited an imbalance. A realignment process and reattachment of fitted bolts were considered necessary to rectify this imbalance. The previous approach for this task demanded an extensive 54-day timeframe without a guaranteed resolution. This paper will discuss a breakthrough method for shaft alignment. By applying this new method, the alignment focus is directly at the point of the farthest deviation, compared to the previous method, which had to look for the midpoint of the x and y arcs. So that the alignment process can be carried out quickly and precisely. Apart from that, this innovation also proposes a new reaming method using line boring. This tool works more effectively than hand reaming, which requires more time and manpower. This innovation achieved an exceptional 81% reduction in processing time, concurrently leading to a significant decrease in the requisite workforce. 

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