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INDONESIA
Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,179 Documents
 83   84   85   86   87 
Analysis of Frequency and Intensity Levels of Sound Waves in the Bedana Traditional Dance Music of Lampung Using an Ethnoscience Approach Anggraini, Welly; Kamil, Badrul; Masya, Hardiyansyah; Sari, Indah
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i2.8723

Abstract

This study analyzes the frequency and intensity levels of sound waves produced by musical instruments in the Bedana traditional dance of Lampung. An ethnoscience approach is employed, integrating cultural and scientific perspectives to examine sound phenomena in the local context. Data were gathered through sound frequency and intensity measurements using advanced audio analysis software, complemented by qualitative cultural observations. The results reveal distinct frequency variations among instruments, contributing to the dance’s harmonic expression. Notably, statistical tests indicate significance, reinforcing the hypothesis regarding the unique acoustic properties of each instrument. This research underscores the importance of ethnoscience in cultural conservation and traditional arts education, offering insights for future ethnomusicological studies and cultural preservation initiatives.
Herbal Therapy Potential of Balinese Local Plants for Degenerative Diseases: A Review Damayanti, Ida Ayu Manik
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i2.8728

Abstract

Indonesia has a rich biodiversity, including numerous medicinal plants. However, their utilisation remains limited, particularly in treating degenerative diseases. This study explores the potential of local Balinese plants as herbal therapy for diabetes mellitus and hypertension through a systematic literature review. Data were collected from scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, covering publications from 2018 to 2025. Out of 117 identified articles with exclusion and the same article, 13 relevant studies were selected as primary references. The analysis indicates that plant extracts from Murraya paniculata, Vitis vinifera Var. Alphonso Lavallee, Syzygium polycephalum, Antidesma bunius, Aegle marmelos, Zingiber zerumbet, Elaeocarpus grandiflora, Artocarpus altilis, Impatiens balsamina, Tagetes erecta, Vitex trifolia, and Punica granatum show potential in managing degenerative diseases. Their bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins, act by inhibiting key enzymes, enhancing insulin sensitivity, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that Balinese local plants have promising potential as natural therapies for degenerative diseases, warranting further clinical validation.
Effectiveness of the PhET Simulation Assisted by Songs to Improve Students Critical Thinking Skills in Electrical Circuits Maesaroh, Nur; Sutikno, Putri Yanuarita
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i2.8729

Abstract

Critical thinking is a fundamental skill in science education, yet many elementary students struggle to develop it due to conventional teaching methods that limit active participation. Electrical circuit concepts are often presented theoretically without hands-on application, making it difficult for students to grasp them fully. As a result, they face challenges in understanding electric current flow, series and parallel circuits and assembling circuits correctly. This study investigates the effectiveness of integrating  PhET simulations with songs to enhance students' critical thinking skills in learning electrical circuits. A quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Control Group was used, involving 40 students selected through total sampling. The control group (Class VA) received conventional instruction supplemented with videos, while the experimental group (Class VB) engaged in learning through  PhET simulations combined with song and project-based learning. Data collection included written tests based on critical thinking indicators, interviews, and documentation. Statistical analysis comprised independent t-tests and N-Gain calculations. The t-test analysis, with a calculated t-value of  9.367, showed that students in the experimental group experienced significantly higher improvements in critical thinking skills than those in the control group. The experimental class achieved an average N-Gain score of 0.83 (high category), whereas the control class reached only 0.22 (low category). This finding shows that integrating PhET simulations with songs can improve students' critical thinking skills. In addition, supporting the Project Based Learning method allows students to apply their knowledge to real-world projects, encouraging deeper exploration and problem-solving skills. This research presents an innovative method for fostering critical thinking through interactive learning. Further research can investigate its implementation in different subjects to refine and expand effective teaching strategies.
Implementation of Card Media to Improve Students Learning Activities Utami, Rosania Puji; Rezania, Vanda
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i2.8735

Abstract

The lack of science learning in learning bored students, and many students are not active in learning. To overcome this, needed learning media. The card media in this study is a triangular card with questions and answers in text or images. This study aims to describe the learning steps with card media that can improve student learning activities. This study applies classroom action research consisting of two cycles. The study subjects were 28 grade VI students of UPT Satuan Pendidikan SDN Kejapanan II. Data collection tools used include interviews and guidelines for observing student learning activities. The interview technique is to find data by asking students questions verbally after learning. The interview aims to determine students' difficulties in following learning with card media. The second technique is observation, which aims to determine the completeness of student activities while learning to use card media. From these two techniques, data is obtained and then analyzed according to needs. Based on the study's results, it can be concluded that card media can improve student learning activities. In cycle I, the average score of student activity was 83.8%, while in cycle II, it was 93.3%. Thus, there was an increase of 10%. This increase can be seen from students' enthusiastic learning activities towards using card media guided by the research instrument. The suggestions submitted are: (1) To facilitate the use of card media, detailed rules should be made so that there are no errors and chaos during the implementation of using card media; (2) Card media can develop various subjects, not only science because elementary school children are very interested in the concept of learning while playing.
The Effect of Salinity on Osmoregulation Physiology of Survival and Respiration Rate of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) Merta, I Wayan; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.5043

Abstract

Osmoregulation is a process used by fish to maintain the balance of water and ion levels in the body, so that salinity becomes a limiting factor for the life of Tilapia fish. This study aims to determine the effect of salinity on osmoregulation, physiological survival and respiration rate of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). This research design used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) approach. This research design involved four different treatment levels and was carried out with five repetitions for each treatment. Each treatment was designed to test the effect of a particular variable on the observed parameters, with repetitions aimed at ensuring consistency of results. P1: Control (No Filter). P2: Salinity 5 ppt. P3: Salinity 10 ppt. P4: Salinity 15 ppt. The activity of tilapia in each salinity medium was observed to determine changes in behavior after the fish were inserted into the salinity medium. Physiological responses were observed, and the respiration of tilapia through operculum movements in each salinity medium was calculated after 5 minutes of treatment for 1 minute. Survival was calculated after 5 minutes of treatment until the tilapia died. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with a significance level of 5%. If there was a significant difference, it was continued with the LSD test (Least Significant Difference). Based on the ANOVA test, the Sig. value obtained was .000 (<0.05), indicating that there is an effect of salinity on the physiological osmoregulation of tilapia survival (Oreochromis niloticus). Based on the results of the Multiple 12 Comparisons LSD test, it can be seen that all differences between treatment groups are significant with a 95% confidence level (p < 0.05). Based on data analysis and discussion, the study concluded that salinity has a significant effect on the respiratory rate of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), where increasing salt levels cause an increase in the frequency of operculum movements in response to osmotic stress. The main factors affecting the survival of tilapia to salinity differences are the ability to osmoregulate, which is increasingly inhibited as salt levels increase, as well as the duration of exposure to more hypertonic environmental conditions.
Identification of Ethnoscience in Peringgesela Weaving as a Learning Resource for Environmental Chemistry Al Idrus, Syarifa Wahidah; Rahmawati, Rahmawati; Sapitri, Riska Dia
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.6226

Abstract

In the context of environmental chemistry learning, ethnoscience can be used to connect scientific concepts with cultural values. This learning helps students understand the importance of environmental conservation through a relevant and contextual approach. This study aims to identify the ethnoscience of Peringgesela weaving as a learning resource for Environmental Chemistry. The subjects of this study were Peringgesela weaving craftsmen. The research methods were observation, interview and documentation. The results showed that natural dyes such as tarum, mengkudu, and turmeric contain active compounds that represent chemical concepts such as redox reactions, acid-base, and extraction. In addition, the fixation process using synthetic fixation materials such as alum with the molecular formula KAl(SO4)2, lime Ca(OH)2 and tunjung (FeSO4) with waste that is directly disposed of in the surrounding waters. The absence of waste management shows the basic principles of environmental chemistry. The integration of ethnoscience in learning resources for Environmental Chemistry allows students to understand science concepts more contextually, relevantly, and deeply.
Analysis of Mercury Heavy Metal Content in Climbing perch fish (Anabas testudineus) from Rawa Taliwang Lake Khairuddin, Khairuddin; Yamin, M.; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i4.7054

Abstract

The heavy metal mercury is at risk of disrupting brain development in children if it accumulates in the human body. The aim of the study was to determine the content of heavy metal mercury (Hg) in Climbing perch fish (Anabas testudineus) originating from Rawa Taliwang Lake to enrich the Ecotoxicology course material. The special benefit is to protect consumers who consume fish from heavy metal contaminants. The research was conducted in Rawa Taliwang Lake, which is in an area submerged in water. There are 2 research stations, namely in the eastern and western parts of the lake. Gill nets were used to catch fish. Fish samples were taken 3 to 4 times at each station. The Fish species taken was the Climbing perch fish (A. testudineus). Furthermore, each fish sample was put into a plastic bag and then stored in a sample box. The research sample was then analyzed at the Environmental Laboratory Center for the West Nusa Tenggara Environment and Forestry Office. The method of data analysis was carried out by taking muscle tissue from fish and then analyzing the content of heavy metals in the form of Hg using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The wet destruction stage in the destruction sample is the process of degradation of organic material samples by utilizing strong acidic liquids, namely HNO3, as a destructive agent. The data obtained are in the form of Pb heavy metal levels in ppm (parts per million). The next stage is that the Pb concentration obtained is processed descriptively and then displayed in table form according to the AAS results. The conclusion of this study is that the heavy metal content of Hg in Climbing perch fish (A. testudineus) originating from Rawa Taliwang Lake to enrich Ecotoxicology course material was <0,0001 ppm.
Synthesis of Cellulose from Decorticated Sisal Plants (Agave sisalana) using the Acid Hydrolysis Method Widyawati, Fauzi; Hidayat, Syamsul; Wiradana, Aditya; Setyaningtyas, Ayunda Kinasih; Bahtiar, Syamsul; Yanuar, Emsal
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8099

Abstract

Sisal Plant Production Process (Agave sisalana) produces waste of around 95%, which is wasted and can be an environmental problem because it is not processed properly. Sisal decortication waste contains active biochemical compounds, one of which is cellulose, which has the potential to be used in various fields. Cellulose is one of the most widely distributed and abundant biopolymers on Earth, as the main source of renewable materials obtained from plant fibers. Initial Treatment of Fiber Alkalization using 5% NaOH solution (1:20) for 2 hours at a temperature of 80 °C at a speed of 200 rpm. Then the bleaching process(bleaching). Samples of the results of alkalization treatment using hydrogen peroxide solution (H2THE23%) at a temperature of 80 °C for 3 hours, repeated once. In the Acid Hydrolysis process, the resulting sample is bleached with acid using sulfuric acid (H2SO465%) at a temperature of 80 °C for 1 hour (1:20). Sample Characterization Fiber characterization using the NDF test to determine cellulose content. The results of the cellulose content test in sisal fiber decortication waste were 1.545 mg/L Based on the results of the study, nanocellulose with a high % crystallinity was successfully extracted from sisal fiber decortication waste using a chemical treatment method. The FTIR spectrum shows a broad band at 3358-3410 cm-1which is the vibration of the OH group of cellulose. The removal of lignin levels was successfully carried out, showing that the peak of the spectrum band produced was only 1279.26 cm-1. The average size of nanocellulose particles is around 10-30 nm and consists of 30-100 cellulose molecules.
Optimization of Volume and Mass of Eggshell in Removal of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Levels in Laundry Waste Pinarti, Inggis; Noorbilqis, Fitri; Pratiwi, Sani Widyastuti; Nurmalasari, Ratna
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8205

Abstract

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is one of the most common anionic surfactants in synthetic detergent formulation. Being a component of domestic waste, LAS can potentially cause environmental damage. Detergent wastewater that contains LAS needs to be properly treated before being released into the environment. This study aims to treat the laundry waste by using thermally activated chicken eggshell adsorbent. The steps carried out in this study were the preparation of adsorbents, quality test of adsorbents produced, testing of adsorbent on used laundry waste based on reducing concentration of LAS and testing of the Langmuir adsorption equation and the Freundlich adsorption equation.  Adsorption process of LAS observed variations in adsorbent mass are 4g, 8g, 12 g, and 16 g, and variations in the sample volume used in this experiment are 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml, and 200 ml. Stirring time is 60 minutes. The filtrate was analyzed to determine the concentration of LAS.  The obtained results indicate that the optimum mass of adsorbent is 12 grams with a sample volume of 50 ml. This adsorption condition resulted in Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate levels of 3,376 ppm, which can reduce LAS levels by  69.86%, with an adsorption capacity of 0.2997 mg/g. Based on the result of this study, LAS adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm equation, with a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than that of the Freundlich isotherm, which is 0.9977.  This equation indicates that the adsorption process that occurs is chemisorption. The use of thermally activated chicken eggshell as an adsorbent can be an alternative, environmentally friendly waste processing technique.
Characteristics of Briquettes Made from Plastic Waste, Plastic-Coconut Shell Blends, and Plastic-Corn Cob Composites Djola, Wiwin Iswandi; Prasetyo, Dhimas Mardyanto; Salsabila, Nandita Pasya; Sadir , Muhammad; Hidayati, Eni
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i3.8393

Abstract

Recycling plastic waste holds considerable potential as a fuel source, especially when combined with agricultural waste. This study aims to evaluate the physical characteristics of charcoal briquettes - moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, calorific value, and fixed carbon content - produced from a mixture of plastic waste and organic waste. Three composition variations were tested: pure Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) plastic waste (100%) as the first treatment (S1), a combination of coconut shells and plastic waste in a 50%:50% ratio as the second treatment (S2), and a combination of corn cobs and plastic waste in the same 50%:50% ratio as the third treatment (S3). Testing was conducted according to SNI 01-6235-2000 standards. The results showed that all treatments produced charcoal briquettes with moisture content and calorific value that met SNI standards. Among the treatments, briquettes made entirely from plastic waste (S1) achieved the highest calorific value at 5921 cal/g, followed by the plastic-coconut shell mixture (S2) at 5574 cal/g and the plastic-corn cob mixture (S3) at 5100 cal/g. These findings indicate that plastic waste and agricultural waste have significant potential as fuel sources for power generation, supporting energy mix targets, and contributing to waste management and sustainable energy production. However, the study also identified areas for improvement. The ash content across all treatments failed to meet SNI standards, and the volatile matter content in S1 was below the acceptable range. These shortcomings highlight the need for further optimization in material formulation and manufacturing processes to enhance briquette quality. Future research should prioritize refining material combinations, improving ash content and volatile matter characteristics, and assessing the environmental impacts of using plastic-based briquettes. With continued innovation, this approach could play a pivotal role in achieving energy mix targets and addressing the challenges of plastic and agricultural waste, offering a sustainable and practical solution for energy generation.

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