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Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23031816     EISSN : 25032356     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53638/
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
ublic Health and Preventive Medicine Archive (PHPMA) is an open access, peer reviewed journal published by Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Issues covered in the journal are as the following: Environmental and occupational health Field and Clinical Epidemiology Global health Health policy analysis Health promotion Health systems and health care management Maternal and child health Program monitoring and evaluation Public health nutrition Reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV related issues Travel health and health tourism Population and family planning Disaster management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)" : 11 Documents clear
Tobacco advertising ban discourse in online media coverage Samodro, Dewanto
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p10

Abstract

Background and purpose: One industry that allocates quite a lot of budgets for advertising is the tobacco industries, which is still allowed with restrictions. Along with efforts to protect the public from negative exposure to tobacco products, tobacco control activists are discussing a total ban on tobacco advertisement in various media. The campaign to voice a total ban on tobacco advertisement has also reported in online media coverage. The purpose of this study is to determine the frame of online media coverage of the tobacco advertisement ban discourse. Methods: This research analyzed online media news stories in January – April 2022 period about the discourse on the tobacco advertising ban using framing analysis method with a qualitative approach. This study analyzes the frame of online media news stories related to the discourse of a total ban on tobacco advertisement. Results: This research found that there were two tones of news story in online media about the discourse of tobacco advertising ban, namely those that supported and those that rejected. News story with a supportive tone usually took source person from the civil society groups that support tobacco control, while news story with a rejection tone usually placed the tobacco industries as a disadvantaged party which in the end also harmed the workers and tobacco farmers. Conclusion: The discourse of tobacco advertisement ban was framed in different way by online media. There are at least two different tones in media coverage of the discourse, namely those that support the tobacco advertisement ban and those who reject the tobacco advertisement ban, although more news was found to be supportive.
Talking cigarette in cyberspace: Cyber community response to the implementation of smoke free area policy in Bandung, Indonesia Karolina, Cut Meutia; Zarkasi, Irwa Rochimah
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p04

Abstract

Background and purpose: The policy of implementing and expanding smoke free area (kawasan tanpa rokok/KTR) in several locations in the City of Bandung has become a topic that is highlighted by the community. Community response is an essential component in succeeding policy implementation. This study examines how the culture of cyber society responds to the implementation and extension of the KTR in the city of Bandung Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a netnographic strategy. Three posts were selected according to the criteria for the research objectives, including: @prfmnews posts, @infobandungraya, and @infobdg.com. Instagram is selected as the research data source because, according to the Ministry of Communication and Information (Kominfo), it is the most popular social media in Indonesia. Indeed, every post and information on it has the potential to attract various groups. Several concepts and theories in this study relate to the diffusion of innovation, information literacy, cognitive dissonance theory, and selective process theory. Results: This study found some of the contra arguments were conducting tobacco control is false propaganda; other regulations are more urgent than KTR; the leading cause of dirty air is vehicles; local regulation on KTR is ambiguous, and smoking is part of individual rights. In the pro category, the communities are supportive, especially those who are passive smokers and feel discomfort with cigarette smoke conditions. Information and digital literacy related to cigarettes are factors that trigger individual responses to hoaxes and conspiratorial information about cigarettes. Denial to the reality of the dangers of smoking illustrates how the process of cognitive dissonance occurs in smokers who try to justify their actions for various reasons. The cyber community has experienced selective exposure to the KTR and the diffusion of innovations in the KTR should be considered. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, the researcher suggests that the government should pay attention to the stages of persuasion and promotion of KTR policies to achieve public obedience to the applicable local regulations.
Implementation level indicators of public facilities in Surabaya to smoke-free area regulation Christanto, Daniel; Martini, Santi; Dwi Artanti, Kurnia; Indriani, Diah
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p03

Abstract

Background and purpose: The regulation of smoke-free area in Surabaya was adopted since 2008 and amended in 2019. Hotel, restaurants, and cafes are smokefree dedicated area under the regulation. Therefore, it is very important to review the implementation level of smoke-free area regulations in public places such as hotels, restaurants and cafes. This study aims to analyze how strong the indicators that forms the implementation level of public facilities with smoke free area regulations in Surabaya. Methods: This was a cross sectional survey carried out in 88 public facilities consisting of hotels and restaurants between June-August 2021. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was carried out with the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) Application to test the strength of each smoke-free area monitoring indicators that forms the implementation level of these public facilities. These indicators include: awareness of smoke-free area regulations, smoke-free area internal promotion, installation of smoke-free signs, no colaboration with tobacco industries, no violations and owning an internal policy related to smoke-free. Results: There were three strong indicators that are strongest in shaping smoke-free area implementation level at public facilities in Surabaya, including awareness of smoke-free area regulations (CFA 4.681), smoke-free area internal promotion (CFA 2.609) and installing a smoke-free sign (CFA 1.000). Meanwhile, the other three indicators showed weak association. Conclusion: Awareness of smoke-free area regulations, smoke-free area internal promotion and installation of smoke-free sign were the strong indicators for smokefree law (SFL) implementation. It is important to push for more internal dissemination involving cross sectors and improve other indicators.
Factors related to adherence to stay at the isolation house and health protocols for COVID-19 confirmed positive people in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Ni Nyoman Sudarti; Widarini, Ni Putu; Ni Ketut Sutiari
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p07

Abstract

Background and purpose: Quarantine in the isolation house for people who are confirmed having COVID-19 is essential to reduce transmission in the community. This research aimed at determining factors associated with compliance to isolation for 14 days and the implementation of health protocols for people who are confirmed positive for COVID-19. Methods: This study applied analytic cross-sectional design, which was conducted in the working area of the Public Health Centre (PHC) II North Denpasar. The samples were 279 people whom selected by simple random sampling. The collected data included sociodemographic characteristics, adherence to stay in the isolation houses and to apply health protocols, perceptions to compliance, cues to action, self-efficacy, knowledge, and social support. The data were analysed by Stata including descriptive analysis, followed by Chi-square Test and Multiple Logistic Regression. Results:  As high as 60.6% of respondents complied to stay for 14 days in the isolation house and implemented health protocols. From multivariable analysis, the higher likelihood to comply with staying at the isolation houses for 14 days and applying health protocols were among female (AOR=3.02; 95%CI: 1.54-5.90, having higher education (AOR=6.03; 95%CI: 3.09-11,77), those having high self-efficacy (AOR=3.43; 95%CI: 1.81-6.50), and those having good knowledge (AOR=2.18; 95%CI: 1.19-3.98). Conclusion: About a third of the respondents did not comply with isolation for 14 days in the isolation house nor apply etiquette according to the health protocols, thus indicating a high risk of transmitting COVID-19 to others. It is necessary to promote health targeting people with low knowledge level and to provide social support from family, surrounding community and government.
Hospital financial control strategy in the COVID-19 Pandemic era Citra Mutiarahati, Ni Luh; Ani, Luh Seri; Suarjana, Ketut; Januraga, Pande Putu; Manuaba, I.B.G. Fajar; Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya; Indrayathi, Putu Ayu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p06

Abstract

Background and purpose: The pandemic of COVID-19 is an unprecedented medical and economic challenge for healthcare system. The number of patients during pandemic of COVID-19 had a rapid growth which led to changes in services aspects that threaten financial viability of hospitals, including private hospitals. This study aims to determine the efforts of private hospitals in maintaining financial stability during the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods:  A qualitative study with a multi-case design carried out in 7 (seven) private hospitals in Denpasar. Informants were obtained based on a purposive sampling approach. This study recruited 19 informants from 7 private hospitals in Denpasar. Data was collected through in-depth interviews conducted face-to-face, using the Zoom and Whatsapp applications. The data were analysed using a content analysis approach. Results: Almost all hospitals stated that their finances disrupted. Financial mitigation efforts were difficult to do, hospital preparation and responses were dependent on the hospital's financial condition and regulations that changing, and recovery efforts were not easy either because in general the community's economy has not recovered. Conclusion: Private hospital finances were experiencing disruption. Mitigation efforts were difficult to do due to the unpredictable changing regulations and policies during the pandemic. Based on the study results, it can be recommended that the hospital management needs to develop a service strategy that is able to overcome the problem of the surge in the number of patients.
Demographical risk factors of adverse events following immunisation of CoronaVac in Jambi, Indonesia Heriyanto, Rivaldo; Yanto, Theo Audi; Octavius, Gilbert Sterling; Nisa, Haviza; Ienawi, Catherine; Pasai, Emildan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: Slow uptake of COVID-19 vaccination might be associated with the adverse events after vaccination. This study aims to evaluate the association between demographical factors and COVID-19 vaccine adverse events in Jambi, Indonesia Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a total population sampling. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire. We included adults vaccinated for the first dose with CoronaVac in Putri Ayu Public Health Center between March 15th and June 3rd, 2021, accounted for 522 persons. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS 26.0. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the predictive models. Results: This Out of 522 respondents included, immune reactions (34.1%) were the most common adverse effects reported by the respondents. Multivariate analysis showed that respondents with no family members or friends exposed to COVID-19 are less likely to experience puncture site reaction with an OR of 0.28 (95%CI: 0.09-0.92; p=0.036). Those with no history of mental disorders were also less likely to experience the adverse event with an OR of 0.12 (95%CI: 0.024-0.62; p=0.011). As for other reactions, those in the 26-35 years old category are more likely to experience other adverse event reactions with an OR of 11.62 (95%CI: 1.5-89.92; p=0.019). Conclusion: Based Younger respondents tend to experience more other reaction of COVID-19 vaccine adverse events than the older groups. We also found that those with no family or friends who contracted COVID-19 and no history of mental disorders are less likely to experience puncture site reaction adverse events.
Environmental risk factors for diarrhea Children under five years of age: A Cross-Sectional study in Indonesia Santri, Ichtiarini Nurullita; Wardani, Yuniar
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p01

Abstract

Background and purpose: Diarrhea is an environmental-based disease that causes mortality and morbidity in children under five around the world. This study investigated the association between environmental factors with diarrhea in children under five in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with data derived from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic Health Survey (IDHS). Families with children under five who had complete data were included in this study. The diarrhea variable in children was self-reported by their mothers. The relationship of each predictor with diarrhea was analyzed using a logistic regression modeling and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: A total of 17,155 households with children under five were included. The prevalence of reported diarrhea among children under five was 14.22%. Families living in rural areas (OR: 0.87; 95%CI: 0.78-0.97) and mothers of 25-34 years of age (OR: 1.42; 95%CI: 1.24-1.64) and >35 years of age (OR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.29-1.89) had significant associations with diarrhea. Conclusion: The discerned outcomes underscore the amplified likelihood of diarrhea incidents among children under five originating from rural residential settings in contrast to their urban counterparts. Additionally, the investigation underscored a correlative link between maternal age and occurrences of diarrhea in the children of this specific age group mothers.
Associations between knowledge, beliefs, and self-efficacy with COVID-19 preventive behavior in Denpasar, Bali Province Rosita, Ni Putu Indah; Wirawan, I Made Ady; Kadek Tresna Adhi
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p08

Abstract

Background and purpose: Positive cases of COVID-19 in Bali have been growing rapidly during the pandemic. Denpasar City has contributed almost one-third of all cases with a high incidence of local transmission. Preventive action is pivotal to halt transmission; thus, this study aims to determine the association between knowledge, belief, and self-efficacy with COVID-19 preventive behavior in the Denpasar, Bali Province community. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Denpasar City, Bali. The study involved 1040 respondents with an age range of 18-59 years. Data collected include sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and perception on COVID-19 and preventive behaviour. Online questionnaires in Google form format were distributed via WhatsApp groups from February to March 2021. Data obtained were analyzed using the Chi-Square test followed by Logistic Regression. Results: The respondents' mean (SD) age was 35 years (4.98), and 52.7% were male. The education level was considered high, with the majority finishing Senior High School/College (99.2%), and most were working or holding a job (94.4%). Factors that were significantly associated with COVID-19 prevention behavior in Denpasar City were knowledge about COVID-19 (AOR=2.43; 95%CI: 1.70-3.48), a belief in susceptibility to COVID-19 (AOR=4.03; 95%CI: 2.34-6.94), a belief in the seriousness of the disease (AOR=2.91; 95%CI: 1.84-4.60), a belief in the benefits of prevention (AOR=8.38; 95%CI: 4.37–16.06), and self-efficacy (AOR=2.10; 95%CI: 1.45-3.05). Conclusion: Knowledge, belief, and self-efficacy are associated with COVID-19 preventive behavior in the community of Denpasar City. Awareness campaign is important to ensure adequate knowledge level attained especially for such a new emerging disease.
Generic Implementation Framework approach for public private mix in Tuberculosis control at a private hospital in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia Fahrudda, Ansarul; Kusbaryanto , Kusbaryanto
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p09

Abstract

Background and purpose: Tuberculosis continues to be a concern at the global level. Indonesia is a high-burden country that keeps efforts through TB control programs by implementing a private-public mix (PPM) strategy. This study aims to analyze the implementation of PPM in a private hospital using the Generic Implementation Framework approach. Methods: This study conducted a mixed method approach including quantitative and qualitative analysis of data with explanatory sequential design. The analyzed variables were the assessment elements used in determining hospital accreditation, variables to get an overview of PPM, and achievement of indicators. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, while the qualitative with thematic analysis. Results: The quality of TB control at the hospital was under the accreditation standards. There was an increase in the number of patients treated but uptrend in the number of loss to follow-up patients in the last three years. The success rate of treatment in 2021 has not yet achieved as it was influenced by patients who were lost to follow-up and treatment failure. Supporting factors for the PPM implementation were the script of cooperation, commitment, cooperation, communication, mutual trust, maintained service quality, inter-dependence, and mutual benefit as inhibiting factors related to the management of treatment adherence. Conclusion: The achievement of program indicators has yet to meet the target. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate regulations, standard operating procedures, and cooperation scripts to reach the standard.
Intention to use telemedicine based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model Indrayathi, Ayu; Julyari, Dewa Ayu Vera; Pradnyani, Putu Erma; Luh Putu Sinthya Ulandari; Soukaina Hilal
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2023.v11.i1.p02

Abstract

Background and purpose: Due to COVID-19 pandemic, demand for technology in daily interaction has rapidly grown to ease communication while maintaining physical distance. This study examines the determinants of the intention to use telemedicine using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Model. Methods: This cross-sectional study was an online survey using Google Form application conducted from March 11 to May 3, 2021. The inclusion criteria of samples were aged 18 years or older, residing in Bali during the data collection period and knowing telemedicine health services. Variables collected include intention to use telemedicine, demographic characteristics of respondents and UTAUT variables, namely performance expectancy, business expectancy, social influences, and facilitation conditions. The statistical test used is simple and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Of 458 survey respondents, 287 were included for analysis due to incomplete data.  Almost half of the respondents (48.8%) was aged <25 years old, the majority were female (80.51%) and around two-thirds, were studying in university, being employed and earning income. We found most respondents (57.14%) were highly interested in telemedicine services. The logistic regression analysis showed that performance expectations, business expectations, social influence, and facilitating conditions were significantly associated with people's interest in telemedicine in Bali. Conclusion: Telemedicine is relatively popular in Bali, Indonesia.  Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence are the predominant factors influencing the intention to use telemedicine. It shows the potential to employ telemedicine service to cover the inadequate distribution of health professionals and healthcare in Indonesia.

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