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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 25, No. 1" : 10 Documents clear
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Urinary Incontinence among Elderly in Pekanbaru, Indonesia Sari, Wulan
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: The proportion of the elderly in Riau Province was 4.8% higher than that (4.2%) in 2011. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health problem among the elderly. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors for UI among the elderly (≥60 years). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 public health centers in Pekanbaru City in 2018. A total of 351 elderly meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, obesity, depression, cognitive impairment, smoking status, history of chronic cough, and history of lower abdominal surgery served as the independent variables and UI as the dependent variable. Data were collected through interviews facilitated by staff trained by the research team. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression with a predictive factor model to assess the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Results: The prevalence of UI was 6%, and the associated factors were chronic cough (prevalence odds ratio = 17.661; 95% CI: 6.380–48.884). Gender, age, education, and lower abdominal surgery were the confounding factors. Conclusions: Health workers at the public health center of Pekanbaru should educate the community and the elderly about the potential causes, prevention, and treatment of UI.
Effects of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) Extract on the Osteoblast Differentiation Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Nordin, Nur Sazwi; Mokhtar, Khairani Idah; Mustafa, Basma Ezzat; Lestari, Widya; Ichwan, Solachuddin JA Ichwan Jauhari Ichwan; Darnis, Deny Susanti; Kannan, Thirumulu Ponnuraj; Ahmad, Azlina
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: Flaxseed promotes bone health and possibly induces bone regeneration. However, the capacity of flaxseed to induce the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts remains unreported. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effects of flaxseed extract on the osteoblast differentiation potential of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Methods: SHED cultured in osteoblast induction media (OIM) were treated with 4 mg/mL flaxseed extract. RNA was collected and extracted with Total RNA Mini Kit (Geneaid) from cells cultured at days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 and subjected to reverse-transcriptase PCR for osteoblast markers (OSX, OCN, and DMP1). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined by ALP assay, and Alizarin Red-S staining was performed to evaluate calcium deposition in SHED. Results: All osteoblast markers were expressed in all samples analyzed. OSX expression was reduced in the SHED treated with flaxseed extract. In addition, the SHED treated with flaxseed extract had lower ALP activity than the control (p < 0.05). Calcium deposition was positive in the SHED cultured in OIM only. Conclusions: Flaxseed can reduce the expression of osteoblast markers, ALP activity, and calcium deposition in SHED. Thus, flaxseed potentially inhibits the osteoblast differentiation of SHED.
Prevalence and Impacts of Musculoskeletal Pain among the Elderly Living in The East Coast Region of Peninsular Malaysia Che Hasan, Muhammad Kamil; Asmera, Nur Nabila Izzati; Sulaiman, Suliza; Nurumal, Mohd Said; Nik Mohd Hatta, Nik Noor Kaussar
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: Musculoskeletal pain commonly affects the elderly, but the extent of this problem within the Malaysian community remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal pain among the elderly living in the community. Methods: Elderly individuals aged 60 years and above with musculoskeletal pain and intact cognition were recruited for this study. Musculoskeletal pain was scored using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and functional ability was assessed via the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale. Mental wellbeing was evaluated using the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing scale, and risk of falling was determined via the Short Falls Efficacy Scale – International. Results: A total of 216 community-dwelling elderly individuals participated in this research. Knee pain was the most common pain type experienced by the participants in the past 12 months (58.8%) and 7 days (28.8%). This type of pain was also the most common reason cited by the elderly for their difficulty in working. Age, gender, and body mass index were not significant predictors of musculoskeletal pain in the elderly (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Musculoskeletal pain significantly impacts the functional ability and fear of falling of elderly individuals in the east-coast region of Malaysia. Mental wellbeing scores indicated a decreasing trend, but no significant difference was noted.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Bullying and Psychological Disturbances among Malaysian School Children Md Isa, Muhammad Lokman; Mocktar, Nurfatin Aina; Ibrahim, Wisam Nabeel; Nurumal, Mohd Said; Che Hasan, Muhammad Kamil
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: Bullying is a common violence in school and has become a major public health and global concern. Bullying influences mental health and is identified as a leading factor of depression. Therefore, this study aimed to identify bullying prevalence and its association toward psychological disturbances (stress, anxiety, and depression). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three secondary schools in Kuantan. After obtaining consent from parents/guardians, participants were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire, including School Climate Bullying Survey, Depression Anxiety Stress Questionnaire-21, Patient Depression Questionnaire, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Demographic data were self-reported. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, and chi-square and correlation tests were conducted for variables. Results: A total of 207 students were included in this study. Of respondents, 50.7% were boys and 49.3% girls, and the majority (92.8%) were Malays. Of students, 63.2% were involved in bullying problems through the school years, with verbal bullying as the highest (55.1%). Bullying is significantly associated with stress (p = 0.045), anxiety (p = 0.018), and depression (p = 0.012). Conclusions: School children in Kuantan continue to be involved in bullying. The current study supported that involvement with any bullying activity was associated with psychological disturbances including anxiety, stress, and depression.
Soft Drink Consumption Patterns of Middle School Students in North Okkalarpa Thwe, Moh Moh; May, Sein Yaw; Aung, Min Htike
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: Urbanization and economic development in Myanmar have brought about culture and dietary transition from a traditional to a westernized diet. The health of the nation, especially the youth, may influence the changing dietary patterns: i.e., the higher the soft drink consumption, the higher the prevalence of soft drink-related diseases. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 middle school students in North Okkalarpa Township, Yangon Region. Data were collected using self-structured questionnaires, and respondents were selected by using simple random sampling method. Results: In this study, 81.2% of the students consumed soft drink once a day, and the main reasons were taste, preference, and availability at home. Chi-square test showed significant relationship between gender and soft drink consumption patterns (p = 0.005), and a strong significant relationship was observed between education level and soft drink consumption patterns (p = 0.000). However, Kruskal–Wallis statistics showed significant relationship between education level and soft drink consumption habit (p = 0.003). Conclusions: This study focused on the knowledge regarding soft drink, habits, and consumption patterns among students. This study highlighted that knowledge of preventive measures of non-communicable diseases since school age can also reduce the disease burden of Myanmar.
Factors Affecting Health-Promoting Lifestyles Among Community Residents at East Gyogone Ward, Insein Township Meemee, Rita; Khin, Naw Ohn Khin; Aung, Min Htike
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming major challenges for health professionals. Health-promoting lifestyles (HPL) are one of the main criteria for determining health and recognized as the main factor affecting the development of chronic NCDs. This study aimed to determine factors affecting HPL practices among community residents. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Insein Township, Yangon, Myanmar. A total of 194 participants were recruited by using systematic sampling method, and self-administered questionnaires for sociodemographic characteristics and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II were used for data collection. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were employed in the data analysis. Results: The overall mean score for HPL was 126.67 ± 21.29. The participants performed best in the spiritual growth subscale (25.1 ± 5.08) but worst in the physical activity subscale (14.23 ± 4.46). More than half (56.70%) of them had moderate HPL level. Participants’ HPL showed significant associations with education level, occupation, total family income per month, perception of health status, smoking, and drinking alcohol status (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study highlights the needs for redesigning health promotion programs to increase awareness of community residents on HPL, to empower them in developing HPL, and to apply them in their everyday lives.
Determinants of Postnatal Care Service Utilization in Indonesia: A Secondary Analysis Using the Indonesian Health and Demographics Survey Idris, Haerawati; Syafriyanti, Willyana
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: The postnatal complication that occurs in the first week after childbirth is one of the causes of maternal death in Indonesia. However, it can be prevented with postnatal care (PNC). This study aims to analyze the determinants of PNC service utilization in Indonesia. Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional study design and used secondary data from the Indonesian Health and Demographics Survey of 2017. The sample consisted of 14,724 women aged 15–49 years. We assessed the predictors of PNC service utilization using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: About 78.4% of the respondents utilized PNC services. The factors that have a significant association with PNC service utilization include the following: college and secondary of level education, working status, high economic status, residence in the Java–Bali region, delivery assistance by a health worker, delivery by cesarean section, and complete antenatal care during pregnancy. Among these, residence in the Java–Bali region is the most dominant factor associated with PNC service utilization in Indonesia. Conclusions: The difference area is a key factor in PNC service utilization. Government efforts to improve PNC service utilization must consider the equitable distribution of health facilities and health workers throughout the country.
Effects of Ectodermal Dysplasia on the Maxilla: A Study of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Ünal, Beyza Karadede
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of ectodermal dysplasia (ED) on the transverse width of the maxillary bone. Methods: The ED group was composed of seven people, while the control group consisted of retrospective cone-beam computed tomography images of seven individuals with skeletal class 1 relationship. Images on the sagittal planes were taken, and cross-sections were taken from the longest point of the Anterior Nasal Spine-Posterior Nasal Spine line. The distance between the distal anterior canine teeth from the right buccal cortical bone to the left buccal cortical bone was measured. At the posterior region, the distance between the right point where the pterygoid protrusions and the tuber maxilla fused and the left point was measured. Results: The ED group has significantly narrower (p < 0.05) anterior region than the control group, and no significant difference in the posterior region width was found between the ED group and control group. Conclusions: The quality of life should be improved by awareness of ED in dentistry, by using a professional approach and modern applications such as three-dimensional computed tomography when necessary, and by considering the morphological characteristics of the patients.
Mothers’ Nutritional Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Practice of Meal Preparation for School-age Children in Yangon, Myanmar Phyo, Wut Yee; Khin, Ohn Khin; Aung, Min Htike
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: Childhood malnutrition is a global public health concern. For Myanmar, mothers play a prominent role in improving the nutritional status of children as they prepare meals for children. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 367 mother-child pairs (6–10 years). Significantly, systematic random sampling and structured questionnaires were utilized in this study. Results: The mean age of mothers was 35.73 ± 6.9 years, and a majority had fair nutritional knowledge (52.3%), good self-efficacy (79.8%), and good practice of meal preparation (59.4%). The prevalence of childhood malnutrition was categorized as stunting (18.2%), underweight (18.8%), wasting (13.3%), overweight (9.0%), and obesity (6.5%). Only 34.2% of children were in the normal nutritional status. The nutritional knowledge of mothers was associated with the age and education of mothers, child ownership, monthly food budget, and height-for-age (p < 0.05). Mothers’ self-efficacy was associated with education, child ownership, monthly food budget, height-for-age, and weight-for-age (p < 0.05). The meal preparation practice of mothers was associated with their education, child ownership, monthly food budget, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age (p < 0.05). Nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy, and meal preparation practice of mothers were strongly correlated with each other (p < 0.001). BMI-for-age was associated with mothers’ education (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests improving the nutritional aspects of mothers by providing nutrition education combined with self-efficacy improving activities. This activity will lead to maintaining good nutrition in school-aged children.
Controlling Dentistry-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders with Ergonomic Interventions in Lahore, Pakistan Nasar, Marriyam; Rubab, Farwa; Shahzad, Hazik Bin; Qureshi, Minam; Shahid, Maham; Batool, Pakiza
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 1
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Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) usually result from a prolonged static position and repetitive movements. A comfortable environment, appropriate working position, and multiple short breaks could alleviate MSDs. While the occasional back or neck ache is not a cause for alarm, regularly occurring pain or discomfort, if ignored, may further develop into an injury or career-ending disability. Methods: A total of 370 dentists were selected from two dental hospitals and multiple dental clinics in Lahore, Pakistan. Current MSDs were recorded with the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ). Information sheets containing dental ergonomics and back and tendon-gliding exercises were distributed among the participants. The SNQ questionnaire was repeated after a 3-month interval. Results: MSDs were found to be present in 59.5% of the clinicians surveyed. Males dentists were significantly more prone to MSDs than female ones (p <0.001), and senior dentists had significantly fewer MSDs than younger dentists. The intervention of ergonomic guidelines and exercises led to a reduction in MSDs among dental clinicians, with neck pain being significantly reduced (p = 0.003). Conclusions: MSDs affect the clinical practice of dental surgeons. Thus, incorporating more detailed ergonomics at the undergraduate level, along with the wider dissemination of correct dental postures, techniques, stretching, and rest to dentists, should be emphasized.

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