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Prof. Diah Ayu Maharani, DDS, PhD
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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 270 Documents
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Children's HIV Status and the Acceptance Stage of Grief amongst HIV-Positive Women Ristriyani, Rizka; Rachmawati, Imami N; Afiyanti, Yati
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Women living with HIV (WLWH) commonly grieve but may pass through the grieving process until reaching the acceptance stage. We try to identify the relationship between children's HIV status and the acceptance stage of grief amongst WLWH. Method: This cross-sectional study utilised consecutive sampling of 235 HIV-positive women in Jakarta, Indonesia. The women were assessed with the Acceptance of Disease and Impairments Questionnaire (ADIQ). Results: Most of the respondents were housewives (65.5%), had been diagnosed over one year previously (74.5%), had an HIV-positive spouse (60.4%), had more than one child (51.5%) but none who were infected (73.6%) and assumed that their HIV status was caused by their spouse (50.2%). The respondents' median score of acceptance of their HIV status was relatively high (3 on a 1-4 scale). This showed a significant negative correlation between children's HIV status and the acceptance stage amongst HIV-positive women (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Mother-to-child HIV transmission may disrupt the mother's acceptance stage because of feelings of guilt and difficulty disclosing their status. Because the children's HIV status was correlated with the mother's acceptance stage, WLWH must comply with the Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) program during the perinatal period.
A Rare Case of Hutchınson-Gılford Progerıa Syndrome wıth Early Dental Loss wıthout Decay Pekdemir, Tuğçe N; Öztürk, Duygu; Çetindağ, Merve T; Akleyn, Ebru; Sarıyıldız, Cansu O; Callea, Michele; Yavuz, İzzet
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 2
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Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that occurs as a point mutation in the LMNA gene. It is a rare hereditary disorder, with approximately 100 cases reported in the medical literature. These patients and our case show features of aged appearance (pseudosenilism), loss of subcutaneous fat texture, growth retardation, sclerodermatous skin, ‘horse riding posture', bird-face appearance, beaked nose, high pitched voice, protruding knees and elbows, underweight, short stature, malformation of the teeth, micrognathia, hypodontia, malocclusion, craniofacial disproportion, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disorders. Unlike typical findings of HGPS, diffuse alopecia and prominent scalp veins were not observed in our case. Patients with HGPS have an average life span of 13 years, owing to myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure and our case also has atherosclerosis and heart failure. Here, we report extra- and intraoral findings in a 24-year-old male patient with HGPS who came to our faculty with complaints about absence of teeth and psychological problems caused by absence of teeth and HGPS findings such as pseudosenilism, growth retardation and short stature. We have described necessary dental examinations and treatments for our patient and have reviewed the literature.
Correlation between Folic Acid and Homocysteine Plasma in Severe Pre-Eclampsia and Normal Pregnancy Malahayati, Inke; Serudji, Joserizal; Sulastri, Delmi
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 2
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Background: Lack of folic acid intake or genetic abnormalities in folic acid metabolism was correlates with elevated plasma or serum homocysteine concentrations. This case-control analytical study aims to determine the correlation between folic acid and homocysteine levels in severe pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy. Methods: We enrolled 46 pregnant women (age 20─35 years) with severe pre-eclampsia or normal pregnancy at a government hospital in Padang, Indonesia, between March and May 2015. The samples size was selected by consecutive sampling. Then, we determined folic acid and homocysteine levels using ELISA and statistical analysis using the independent t-test and Pearson correlation. Results: We observed a difference in folic acid levels between severe pre-eclampsia (39.48 ± 9.40 ng/mL) and normal pregnancy (47.04 ± 13.20 ng/mL, p < 0.05). A difference was also observed in homocysteine levels between pre-eclampsia (18.52 ± 0.41 pmol/mL) and normal pregnancy (17.80 ± 0.73 pmol/mL, p < 0.05). The correlation between folic acid and homocysteine in severe pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy was negative (r = -0.034, p > 0.05 and r = -0.222, p > 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Low folic acid levels tend to increase homocysteine levels in severe pre-eclampsia, whereas high folic acid levels tend to lower homocysteine levels in normal pregnancy.
Improved Skin Wound Healing Activity of Insulin Cream as Evidenced from the Morphological Evaluation in Guinea Pigs Mohamed, Nur-Aliana H; Mokhtar, Rafidah H; Al-Ani, Imad M; Ayob, Azizi; Misran, Misni
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 2
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Background: There is no histological study evaluating the effects of insulin-containing cream on skin injury. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of insulin-containing creams on wound healing. Methods: Creams consisting of nine parts of oil and one part of aqueous phase (9:1) mixed with 1.5 mL human insulin were prepared. Eighteen male guinea pigs were divided into three groups; the control (9:1 C) group received cream without insulin. The experimental groups received Humulin N (9:1 N) and Humulin R (9:1 R) respectively. A 1 cm2 wound of 1-2 cm thickness was created in the skin. Each animal received 0.5 g of the respective creams which was topically applied once a day for 14 days. The progress of wound healing was monitored daily. Skin tissues were excised at the 14th days from the wound sites and processed for light microscopy. Results: Skin wound treated with the long acting insulin Humulin N had an accelerated wound healing process with restoration of vascular network, increased collagen deposition and early complete wound remodeling. Conclusion: Insulin cream with long acting mechanism facilitates in normalizing cell permeability, promoting vascularization, reducing exudation and stimulate proliferation of cells. These properties render insulin cream suitable for expediting wound healing.
Gingival Health Status of 12-Year-Old School Children in Jakarta: A Cross-Sectional Study Rosalien, Robbykha; Hutami, Dina F; Agustanti, Ary; Septalita, Annisa; Adiatman, Melissa; Maharani, Diah A
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 2
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Background: Epidemiological data on gingival status in children is important because periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent diseases in Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the gingival health status and its associated factors among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Jakarta. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 12-year-old schoolchildren. There were 481 students who were recruited from 24 public and private junior high schools in Jakarta using multistage cluster proportional-to-size random sampling. Periodontal status was recorded using the community periodontal index based on World Health Organization standards. A self-completed questionnaire was given to the parents to collect information on children's backgrounds and oral health-related behaviours. Results: Only 3 of 478 participating children had healthy gums (no bleeding gums and no calculus). 99% of the children had bleeding gums and 84% had calculus. The prevalence of calculus was higher in girls than in boys. Periodontal status was not significantly related to tooth brushing habits or dental check-ups. Conclusions: Poor periodontal conditions were highly prevalent among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Jakarta. Oral health promotion and prevention strategies are urgently required.
WHO STEPS-wise Approach in Assessment of Tooth Decay and Children's Quality of Life in Indonesia Susilawati, Sri; Monica, Grace; Fadilah, R. Putri N; Hanum, Farichah
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 2
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Background: The high prevalence of tooth decay is a major oral health problem in Indonesia. We aimed to determine the relationship between tooth decay and quality of life in children living in rural and urban areas in Indonesia. Methods: A pilot survey was carried out with 2550 students in rural, peri-urban and urban sites in 14 provinces in Indonesia. Age groups included 6-7 years old and 11-12 years old, and we used the pathfinder survey technique. Data collected were based on the WHO STEPS-wise framework using a dental examination by the WHO form (Annex 7) and quality of life questionnaire (Annex 8, Q10). Results: Tooth decay prevalence in 6-7 years old was 88.01%, and 70.27% in the 11-12 years old age group. Children aged 6-7 years old was reported that tooth decay affected their appearance (p=0.013), caused them to avoid smiling and laughing (p=0.003), caused other children to make fun of their teeth (p=0.002) and caused them to miss school hours (p=0.005). Among 11-12 years old children, tooth decay reportedly affected their appearance (p=0.001), caused them to avoid smiling and laughing (p=0.041) and caused them to have chewing difficulty chewing (p=0.031). Conclusions: Tooth decay affects children's quality of life, especially with regard to psychological health.
Efficacy of Essential Oil Strips Containing Thymol, Eucalyptol, Menthol, Methyl Salicylate, and Peppermint Against Dental Caries Rahardjo, Anton; Gemiani, Dira; Soekanto, Sri A
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 2
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Background: Strips containing essential oils are commonly used as an alternative treatment for dental caries prevention. However, their efficacy is unknown. This study aimed to test the efficacy of oral strips containing essential oils on caries prevention. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study with 15 subjects divided into two groups: A and B. In the first week, group A (N = 8) was given strips containing thymol, eucalyptol, menthol, methyl salicylate, and peppermint (TEMMP) three times in 24 hours while group B (N = 7) was given placebo strips. In the second week, after a one-week washout period, each group was given the other product. Pre- and post-treatment evaluation was performed by measuring plaque acidity using a pH plaque indicator and determining the number of S.mutans colonies using a hand counter. Results: There was no significant difference between plaque pH and S.mutans count in subjects given TEMMP strips compared to placebo. Conclusions: The use of TEMMP essential oil strips does not significantly inhibit the growth of S.mutans or the production of plaque.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease in Kuantan, Malaysia Aljarousha, Mohammed; Abd Rahman, Aziimah A; Badarudin, Noor E; Che Azemin, Mohd Z; Awad, Khalid
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 1
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Background: To determine the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) at Jalan Hospital Eye Care, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: The dry eye symptoms and tear breakup time test (TBUT) values retrieved from the medical records of 643 patients were retrospectively analysed. Dry eye cases with one or more symptom were included. ‘Yes’ or ‘no’ responses were used in discriminant analysis of tear abnormality (TBUT < 5 seconds). Results: The crude prevalence of DED was 48.5%, the age-adjusted prevalence was 43% in women <50 years of age, and 68.4% in those ≥50 years of age. Contact lens wear and low TBUT values were associated with DED risk in men. Age of ≥50 years and a low tear meniscus height (TMH) score were associated with risk of DED symptoms in women. Conclusions: The prevalence of DED in optometric outpatients at IIUM was relatively high, especially in the elderly population. Symptoms and signs were poorly associated with DED. TBUT performed well in diagnosing dry eye and may be useful to improve the assessment of patients with dry eye problems in this region.
Development of a Tuberculosis Vaccine Seed: Construction of Resuscitation-Promoting Factor B DNA Vaccine and its Expression in Vitro and in Vivo Saraswati, Ratih D; Rukmana, Andriansjah; Fithriyah, Fithriyah; Rakhmawati, Aprilia
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 1
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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infection disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and has a high death-rate worldwide. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin is the only TB vaccine which is currently available with several drawbacks, such as its different efficacy for different individuals, lack of protection for lung TB in adults and subsequent reactivation which lead the research for novel TB vaccine approach. Resuscitation-promoting factor (rpf) protein in Mtb is a protein cluster which play a big role in TB dormancy during latent infection. Member from this cluster protein is rpfB which shows the greatest biological and immunological characteristics among other proteins in the rpf family, now is widely explored as novel TB vaccine candidate. Methods: In this study, the rpfB gene of the Mtb Beijing strain was amplified using PCR and then cloned into pcDNA3.1 plasmids. The ability of recombinant pcDNA-rpfB to induce humoral immune response was tested through Balb/C mice immunization. Results: A positive recombinant rpfB protein ~66 kDa was detected through western blot analysis using immunized mice sera. Meanwhile, recombinant pcDNA-rpfB was transfected in to CHO-K1 mammalian cell line and recombinant rpfB antigen expression was confirmed through immunostaining. Conclusions: Therefore, we have succesfully express the recombinant rpfB proten of M.tb strain Beijing in mammalian expression system which proven to be antigenically induced humoral immune response in mice model.
Changes in Contrast Sensitivity in Young Adults with Diabetes Abd Rahman, Aziimah A; Badarudin, Noor E; Che Azemin, Mohd Z; Ahmad, Norsham; Arifin, Azrin E
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 22, No. 1
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Background: This study compared contrast sensitivity and visual acuity of young adults with diabetes to that of controls and attempted to identify predictors of dry eye symptoms in patients with diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study, which included 37 patients with diabetes and 37 age-matched controls, was conducted in the Optometry Clinic of Kulliyyah Allied Health Science. All participants were aged between 19 and 39 years. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of diabetes without any evidence of ocular disease, abnormalities in colour vision or media opacity. Results: The contrast sensitivity significantly differed between patients and controls (p = 0.045). A multiple regression analysis showed that contrast sensitivity was a significant predictor of ocular symptoms in patients with diabetes, and this was statistically significant (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Contrast sensitivity may be affected during early ocular changes among young adults with diabetes. It may also predict the occurrence of dry eye symptoms in such patients.

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