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INDONESIA
MEDICINUS
Published by PT Dexa Medica
ISSN : 1979391X     EISSN : 29638399     DOI : 10.56951
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Tujuan penerbitan jurnal Medicinus adalah untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan menambah khasanah pengetahuan para praktisi medis dan farmasis di bidang kedokteran dan kefarmasian. Ruang lingkup dari jurnal ilmiah ini adalah publikasi artikel-artikel ilmiah yang bisa disajikan dalam bentuk penelitian (research), laporan kasus (case report), teknologi dan klinis kefarmasian, serta ulasan literatur medis.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 179 Documents
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Laporan Kasus: Weil’s Disease Devi Nurul Baeti
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 5 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/1my4a338

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Leptospirosis merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri genus Leptospira. Penyakit ini masih banyak ditemukan di daerah tropis, terutama saat musim hujan. Leptospirosis memiliki manifestasi klinis yang bervariasi, dengan tingkat keparahan ringan sampai berat. Kasus: Seorang laki-laki berusia 49 tahun datang ke Unit Gawat Darurat (UGD) Rumah Sakit Umum Purwogondo Kebumen dengan gejala demam disertai keluhan kuning pada mata dan kulit wajah serta badannya. Pasien juga mengeluhkan mual, muntah, serta nyeri pada kedua betisnya. Dari hasil pemeriksaan penunjang didapatkan adanya leukositosis, trombositopenia, peningkatan enzim transaminase, serta peningkatan ureum dan creatinine. Pemeriksaan serologi antibodi Leptospira menunjukkan hasil positif. Setelah mendapatkan terapi antibiotik ceftriaxone injeksi 1 g/12 jam serta terapi suportif lainnya, pasien mengalami perbaikan dan pulang setelah enam hari perawatan.
The Role of Hypocalcemia in Preeclampsia: A Review on Calcium Supplementation in Pregnancy Dimas Kirana Mahaputra
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 5 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/3t90rn95

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder that contributes to the high maternal death rate worldwide. Furthermore, preeclampsia adversely affects fetal development due to reduced placental blood flow. Numerous factors are known to affect the development and pathophysiology of preeclampsia, one of them is micronutrient deficiency. Calcium, an essential mineral, plays a crucial role in the mechanism of vascular smooth muscle contraction, which regulates vascular tone and blood pressure. Placental dysfunction, a hallmark of preeclampsia, leads to hypocalcemia, which, in turn, exacerbates the condition through compensatory mechanisms involving parathyroid hormone. Conversely, adequate calcium intake has been proven beneficial and is recommended during pregnancy. This article aims to review current guidelines on calcium supplementation and nutritional recommendations as a viable strategy to minimize the risk of preeclampsia.
Anemia pada Remaja: Kajian Pustaka Loury Priskila; Hendi Wicaksono; Mikha Jhonatan; Emmanuel Vito Pandya Arkananta; Mahanani Yekti Putri Sion Warsito; Giovanno Surya Honesto; Benediktus Satria; Daniel Christian
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 5 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/vyn29h03

Abstract

Menyongsong Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) pada tahun 2030 yang bertujuan menjamin kehidupan yang sehat dan mendorong kesejahteraan bagi seluruh lapisan usia, Indonesia mulai menempatkan fokus pada kondisi anemia, khususnya pada remaja. Anemia adalah kondisi di mana konsentrasi hemoglobin berada di bawah nilai normal, yang dalam jangka panjang dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan serta perkembangan generasi muda. Tingginya prevalensi anemia di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 15,5%, membuat kondisi ini perlu menjadi perhatian. Tujuan kajian pustaka ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan apa yang dimaksud dengan anemia, berikut faktor risiko, tata cara diagnostik dan deteksi dini, serta tantangan ke depan dalam pencegahan dan penatalaksanaannya. Kajian pustaka ini menghimpun jurnal dan artikel ilmiah yang didapatkan dari Pubmed maupun Google Scholar pada tahun 2018-2023. Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran pustaka didapatkan kasus anemia yang tinggi, dengan salah satu faktor risikonya adalah kecukupan nutrisi dalam siklus hidup. Kecukupan nutrisi dapat dimulai dari keluarga, sehingga pendekatan keluarga dengan edukasi maupun program berbasis pendekatan keluarga lainnya diharapkan mampu mengurangi bahkan mengeliminasi anemia pada remaja. Deteksi dini dan skrining anemia juga dapat menjadi solusi yang akan mengurangi prevalensi terjadinya anemia.
A Comprehensive Review of Bioequivalence Studies: Methodologies, Regulatory Considerations, and Future Directions Liana W. Susanto
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 5 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/80v3g940

Abstract

Bioequivalence studies are crucial for ensuring that generic formulations meet the safety and efficacy standards established by innovator products. This review explores the fundamental concepts of bioequivalence, the commonly employed study designs, and the current statistical methodologies used for evaluation. Regulatory frameworks from major agencies (e.g., FDA, EMA, and BPOM-RI) are outlined, while challenges in study design and interpretation are examined. Furthermore, future perspectives in bioequivalence research are considered, particularly as complex drug delivery systems and personalized medicine become more prevalent. Ongoing research and evolving guidelines will continue to shape this critical area of pharmaceutical science.
Kalsium, Vitamin D, dan Farmakoterapi Masa Depan dalam Pencegahan Preeklamsia: Tinjauan Komprehensif dari Perspektif Klinis dan Molekuler Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 5 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/38v6gh35

Abstract

Preeklamsia tetap menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal serta neonatal di seluruh dunia. Meskipun telah banyak diteliti, patofisiologi preeklamsia masih belum sepenuhnya dipahami, melibatkan interaksi kompleks antara ketidakseimbangan angiogenik, disregulasi imun, stres oksidatif, dan gangguan plasentasi. Intervensi nutrisi, khususnya suplementasi kalsium dan vitamin D, telah mendapatkan perhatian luas sebagai strategi preventif berbasis bukti. Suplementasi kalsium dosis tinggi terbukti menurunkan insiden preeklamsia, terutama pada populasi dengan asupan kalsium rendah, melalui mekanisme yang melibatkan penghambatan parathyroid hormone (PTH) dan peningkatan vasodilatasi arteriol uterus. Sementara itu, vitamin D memiliki efek imunomodulator dan angiogenik, serta berperan penting dalam menstabilkan fungsi endotel dan menekan ekspresi faktor antiangiogenik seperti soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1). Artikel ini meninjau secara sistematis bukti-bukti klinis dan molekuler terkini mengenai peran kalsium dan vitamin D dalam pencegahan preeklamsia, serta mengeksplorasi potensi agen farmakologis masa depan, seperti pravastatin, esomeprazole, dan pendekatan berbasis nanopartikel. Selain itu, dibahas pula formulasi nutraseutikal menggunakan Formical-B, yang menunjukkan hasil awal yang menjanjikan dalam menurunkan risiko preeklamsia melalui jalur antioksidan dan modulasi tekanan darah. Tinjauan ini menawarkan perspektif integratif yang menggabungkan intervensi nutrisi dan terapi molekuler sebagai kerangka masa depan pencegahan preeklamsia berbasis personalisasi.
Jejak Memori dalam Jaringan Fasia Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 5 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/83wqt329

Abstract

Konsep bahwa fasia dapat menyimpan memori emosional atau somatik telah memicu perdebatan dalam bidang terapi manual, neurobiologi, dan biofisika. Artikel ini menyelidiki landasan ilmiah di balik hipotesis tersebut dengan meninjau literatur primer dan sekunder dari dua dekade terakhir. Melalui pendekatan multidisipliner yang mencakup neuroanatomi, epigenetik, mekanobiologi, dan biokomunikasi, artikel ini mengusulkan model teoretis yang menjelaskan kemungkinan keterlibatan fasia sebagai penyimpan informasi. Dengan mengintegrasikan konsep neurofascial plasticity, resonansi morfik, dan tensegritas, disertai evaluasi kritis terhadap data empiris, disarankan bahwa meskipun belum ada bukti definitif, kemungkinan adanya sistem penyimpanan memori dalam fasia patut dijelajahi lebih lanjut secara sistematik dan eksperimental.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): Virologi, Patogenesis, Respon Imun, dan Vaksin Pada Dewasa Resti H. Lestari; Fariz Nurwidya; Anis Karuniawati
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 7 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/n0vpzd50

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is classified within the Pneumoviridae family, genus Orthopneumovirus. RSV is a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus and has two genotypes, A and B. It is primarily associated with lower respiratory tract infections, including bronchiolitis and bronchopneumonia, and is a common cause of hospitalization in infants, elderly individuals, and immunocompromised patients. RSV also has the potential to become systemic infection. Symptoms of RSV infection, such as fever, cough, sore throat, and runny nose, are usually mild in adults. However, in some cases, especially for specific high-risk individuals, the infection can become severe enough to require hospitalization, and complications may lead to death. Understanding the pathogenesis and immune response to RSV are crucial for recognizing the virus’s effects and potential risks. This literature review covers the virology, pathogenesis, immune response, and recent advancements in RSV vaccine development in adult populations. Comprehensive knowledge of RSV is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Tiga Pilar Pertahanan Tubuh Terhadap Influenza: Vaksin, Terapi Antivirus, dan Imunomodulator dalam Perspektif Kedokteran Preventif dan Kuratif Raymond R Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 6 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/dkbt5b68

Abstract

Influenza is an acute respiratory infection that continues to pose a global health threat due to its high morbidity and mortality burden. In order to overcome this challenge effectively, an integrative approach is required, encompassing three main pillars: annual vaccination adapted to virus mutation dynamics, the use of antiviral agents targeting viral RNA replication, and immune system strengthening through herbal-based immunomodulators and essential micronutrients. This paper emphasizes the importance of synergy between preventive and curative efforts in modern public health strategies.Immunomodulation, which includes a combination of phytocomponents with vitamin C and zinc, has been shown to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, improve protection to infection, and support recovery processes.An evidence-based approach integrating these three elements is considered the most relevant strategy for addressing influenza virus evolution and strengthening the population's immunological resilience.
Hepatitis B and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review Rendi Aji Prihaningtyas; Muhammad Irawan; Qurrota Ayuni Novia Putri; Bagus Setyoboedi; Sjamsul Arief
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 6 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/e6bqh839

Abstract

Introduction: Current data estimates that over 90% of primary liver tumors are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), a type of malignant hepatocyte tumor. Viral hepatitis B is particularly associated with HCC. Early detection of chronic hepatitis B is crucial to prevent complications. Case Presentation: A 17-year-old girl presented with a one-month history of abdominal enlargement, jaundice, dark urine, and pale-colored stool. She experienced weight loss and a lack of appetite. Anthropometric assessment indicated severe malnutrition. The abdomen appeared distended with ascites. There was a palpable liver, with a firm consistency and a lumpy surface up to the epigastrium, with a size of 8 x 7 x 6 cm, and accompanied by splenomegaly. Laboratory examination indicated anemia (hemoglobin 9.5 g/dl), white blood cells 12.38 x 10³/μl, platelets 859 x 10³/μl, AST 1,095 U/l, ALT 104 U/l, cholestasis (total bilirubin 66.5 mg/dl and direct bilirubin 4.14 mg/dl), hypoalbuminemia (albumin 2.81 g/dl), LDH 3146 U/l, reactive HBsAg >1,000, AFP >1,000 ng/ml. An abdominal ultrasound revealed hepatomegaly with multiple nodules distributed across nearly all liver segments, and some of which formed a mass measuring 7.9 x 6.4 x 5.8 cm in the right lobe. Additionally, splenomegaly and ascites were observed. CT scan of the abdomen showed masses distributed throughout the hepatic lobe with contrast enhancement in the arterial phase and feeding from hepatic artery, in the venous phase, contrast washout with ascites. These findings support the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: Children with HBV may have had prior medical visits without being accurately diagnosed, representing missed opportunities for timely HBV detection. There is a critical need for increased awareness and early screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children, especially in regions where HBV prevalence is high.
Di Balik Peradangan: Tinjauan tentang Peran Antinosiseptif Sel Imun dalam Modulasi Nyeri Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 6 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/zxrk2y26

Abstract

Immune cells have long been considered antagonists in pain physiology, as they have largely been viewed primarily through the lens of inflammation and nociceptive amplification. However, emerging research is reshaping this narrative. This article describes the evolving role of immune cells — not merely as proinflammatory molecules, but also as agents involved in pain modulation and suppression. Recent findings in neuroimmunology reveal a complex molecular dialogue between immune mediators and nociceptive pathways, particularly highlighting the contributions of regulatory T cells, macrophage subtypes, and glial cells in reducing nociceptive signals. Antinociceptive mechanisms mediated by cytokines, lipid-derived mediators, and immune-to neuronal communication are reviewed along with their translational potential in chronic pain therapy. By redefining the role of immune cells into central figures in the analgesic process, a paradigm shift is emerging, which requires an integrative approach in pain research and therapy.

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