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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Social media and smoking behavior in college students Augustina, Merrinda; Prabandari, Yayi Suryo; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 04 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i04.3860

Abstract

Purpose: Indonesia is the largest cigarette consumer in Southeast Asia and has the third-highest number of smokers in the world. Smoking behavior in Indonesia causes 225,000 people to die each year. Social media exposure may have an impact on smoking behavior. Most students use social media and have a high probability of viewing information about cigarettes. Information from social media can affect smoking behavior in students. This study aims to investigate the relationship between social media use and smoking behavior among college students. Methods: This study employed a quantitative method with an observational design, involving 200 respondents. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire designed to determine the relationship between social media use and smoking behavior among college students. The questionnaires were distributed using the checklist and short questions method, which was shared online via Google Form. Results: Most college students (80.5%) do not smoke, and most smokers (87.18%) are male. The bivariate analysis result shows that active response to pro-smoking messages has a significant relationship with smoking behavior (p<0,05). Conclusion: Pro-smoking messages in certain types of social media can influence smoking behavior in students.
Medical waste management in Jember Regency Hospital Prajnawita, Disny; Padmawati, Retna Siwi; Daniel
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 09 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i09.9408

Abstract

Purpose: This research aims to analyze medical waste management practices and factors influencing medical waste management in Jember Regency hospitals. Methods: This study employed a qualitative research design with a case study approach. Research data was obtained from the results of in-depth interviews and observations. The determination of research informants was conducted using purposive sampling, involving 16 informants. Data analysis used causal loop diagram (CLD) analysis and the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method. Results: Medical waste management activities in Jember Lung Hospital and Jember Klinik Hospital were generally good. However, some activities could have been more suitable, including sorting, storage, in-situ transportation, and temporary storage. The two hospitals already had incinerators, but the incinerators were damaged due to a lack of maintenance. Therefore, the final medical waste management activities of the two hospitals were carried out with a licensed third party, PT. Sagraha, PT. Wastec International and PT. Universal Eco Pacific. The causal loop diagram (CLD) analysis reveals that the budget availability factor plays a crucial role in supporting effective medical waste management activities, particularly in terms of facility and infrastructure availability, human resource availability, and SOP implementation. Additionally, the quality of human resources and hospital accreditation has a positive influence on suitable medical waste management activities. The importance-performance analysis (IPA) method identified the main priority scale that requires improvement, specifically the hospital staff's discipline. Conclusion: Medical waste management activities in the Jember Lung Hospital and Jember Klinik Hospital, in general, have followed the RI Minister of Health Decree Number 1204/Menkes/SK/X/2004 and PerMenLHK No. 56 of 2015. However, segregation activities were still not optimal, and medical waste containers were not equipped with an infectious symbol. Therefore, efforts to increase periodic monitoring and evaluation of officer performance can improve officer discipline through SOP.
Utilization of rehabilitation services for BPJS stroke outpatients in indonesia Sutejo, Mianti Nurrizky; Hafidz, Firdaus; Pinzon, Rizaldy
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 08 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i08.1752

Abstract

Purpose: JKN has been implemented since 2014; however, there has been no change in the value of access to and utilization of medical rehabilitation services, particularly physiotherapy, in FKRTLs in Indonesia. This research aims to identify the factors that influence the pattern of outpatient physiotherapy services received by stroke patients at BPJS Kesehatan during the treatment period. Methods: This study employs an analytical approach using secondary data from the 2015-2016 BPJS Health Data Sample, with a cross-sectional study design. The data were analyzed using univariable and bivariable analyses with the chi-square test, as well as multivariable analysis with logistic regression, with an α level of 0.05. Results: The analysis of patients with stroke cases yielded only 1,641 participants who visited physiotherapy services, and 3 participants from stroke cases who visited rehabilitation services, out of the total participants of BPJS Health in 2015-2016. Frequency of visits to health services for stroke cases among BPJS Kesehatan participants, based on gender, age, province of residence of the participant, type of participation, type of stroke, stroke comorbidity, type of hospital, and cost of claims. Conclusion: This study showed that only a very small number of stroke patients attend rehabilitation services. The utilization services are related to sex, living area, type of stroke, and comorbidities.
Adherence to health protocol after 3 months of emergency responses in community, cafe, and restaurant workers in Yogyakarta City: secondary data analysis of COVID-19 serosurvey in 2020 Fitriani, Bhekti; Prabandari, Yayi; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 09 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i09.2233

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this research was to examine differences in adherence to health protocol between community, cafe, and restaurant workers. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2020 COVID-19 serosurvey in Yogyakarta City. The inclusion criterion was respondents aged 19 years and older, while the exclusion criterion was respondents with incomplete data on the variables of interest. Effect size was calculated using the prevalence ratio (PR) derived from bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. Results: Bivariate analysis showed no significant difference in adherence to health protocols between the community and café/restaurant workers (95% CI: 0.99–1.12; p = 0.107). In the community, knowledge was significantly associated with adherence to health protocols (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.19–1.58; p < 0.001). Among café and restaurant workers, both age (PR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.07–1.29; p = 0.001) and knowledge (PR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04–1.24; p = 0.004) were significantly associated with adherence to health protocols. Conclusion: Good knowledge can increase the likelihood of adherence to health protocols among community members, as well as café and restaurant workers. Therefore, education related to COVID-19 prevention should be provided to improve knowledge, especially among young adults.
Evaluation of solid waste management at Pamanukan Main Market, Subang Nuraini, Vivi; Sarto; Wiranto
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 09 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i09.2237

Abstract

Purpose: Markets are potential sources of increased waste production, especially after daily activities and settlements. Proper waste management in markets is essential to prevent environmental and public health issues. This study aims to evaluate the waste management practices at Pasar Induk (main market), Pamanukan, based on four management aspects: planning, organizing, actuating, and monitoring. Methods: This qualitative study used a case study approach. The number of informants in this study was 7, selected using the purposive sampling technique. The study was done in April-June 2021. Results: Pasar Induk Pamanukan lacks a work plan and SOP for waste management. Human resources and infrastructure facilities owned by Pasar Induk Pamanukan are insufficient for effective waste management. In addition, there is no official coordination between the TPS Pamanukan and the market manager. Enforcement of waste management at the Pasar Induk Pamanukan uses collection, transportation, and disposal techniques. There's no socialization for waste management to the traders. The market manager has abandoned the evaluation of waste management performance at Pasar Induk Pamanukan, and no improvement efforts have been made. Conclusion: The waste management at Pasar Induk Pamanukan, based on the management aspects of planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling, has not been fully implemented or well managed.
Mother’s knowledge and attitude towards measles-rubella immunization status in infants Sarza, Rahma Delvia; Ismail, Djauhar; Wahab, Abdul
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 09 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i09.2252

Abstract

Purpose: MR immunization is a key program by the Indonesian government to support global measles and rubella elimination by 2020. However, MR immunization coverage remains low in West Sumatra, particularly at Simpang Empat Health Center, West Pasaman Regency. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with MR immunization status in infants aged 12-24 months at Simpang Empat Health Center, Pasaman Regency. Methods: The research method used was observational analysis with a cross-sectional research design. Data were collected using a purposive sampling technique with a total of 112 mothers in Simpang Empat. Results: The study found that the ratio of infants aged 12–24 months without MR immunization to those with immunization was 1:1.5. Among immunized children, 67% of mothers had good knowledge, and 63% had a positive attitude. For unimmunized children, 51% of mothers had good knowledge, while 67% had a positive attitude. Bivariate and multivariate analyses showed no significant association between mothers’ knowledge (p = 0.09) or attitude (p = 0.67) and MR immunization status at Simpang Empat Health Center. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes of mothers with MR immunization status. Considering the variables of access to health services and access to health information, mothers with good knowledge have 3 times the opportunity to carry out MR immunization compared to mothers with poor knowledge.
Family support, diabetes self-management behavior, and HbA1c levels in Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Susilo, Leonardus Reynald; Dewi, Fatwa Sari Tetra; Huriyati, Emy
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 08 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i8.5073

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the correlation between family support and diabetes self-management with control of blood sugar levels (HbA1c). Methods: This study employs a sequential mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional design and qualitative analysis with a phenomenological design. This research was conducted in clinics and health centers with prolanis groups in Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Results: The average score for diabetes self-management was 4,482 (minimum 0 – maximum 10) and was significantly correlated with the control of blood sugar levels. The dimension of food control in diabetes self-management has a significant relationship with blood sugar control. The average value of family support is 2,433 (minimum 1, maximum 4) and shows no significant correlation with blood sugar control. The emotional dimension of family support significantly correlates with the control of blood sugar levels. Conclusion: Enhancing diabetes self-management behavior can lead to improved blood sugar control in Prolanis participants. This improvement can be facilitated by families who can accompany Prolanis participants at home.
JKN participation in accessing health services during the COVID-19 period in Sleman Regency (secondary data analysis of HDSS 2020) Septiani, Trisna; Hafidz, Firdaus
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 09 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i9.5612

Abstract

Purpose: Participation in JKN (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional) is one of the factors that has a positive effect on healthcare utilization. The utilization of JKN has continued to increase, reaching 276.1 million visits in 2019. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruptions in the utilization of healthcare. Visits to health facilities are reported to have decreased, with 224.7 million visits in 2020. This research aims to describe utilization patterns based on the type of health facilities visited and determine the relationship between JKN participation and other factors on health service utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the Health and Demography Surveillance System (HDSS) 2020 cycle 6. The quantitative data analysis was conducted using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: 69.77% of respondents used healthcare, while 30.23% did not. Other health facilities, particularly pharmacies, were the most commonly used choices by respondents to address their health problems. Not being sick enough to receive treatment (83.94%) and fear of contracting COVID-19 (11.92%) were the primary reasons respondents cited for not accessing healthcare. There was no significant correlation between the variables of JKN involvement, age, gender, education level, marital status, economic status, and residence location and the use of healthcare services (p > 0.05). The most critical variable was a history of NCD (p<0.05). Conclusion: The need factor, combined with the history of NCD, is the primary predictor of health service utilization among the people of Sleman Regency during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Workload and work stress with burnout nurses at the Atma Husada Samarinda regional psychiatric hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic Putri, Anindya Monika; Surono, Agus; Subekti, Heru
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 12 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i12.6226

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the relationship between work stress and burnout in Atma Husada Samarinda Regional Mental Hospital nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods: The research employed an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional study design, utilizing a stratified random sampling technique for data collection. The data obtained will be analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test and Fisher's exact test, and multivariate analysis with ordinal logistic regression test. The results obtained can be strengthened by the results of observations made during the research. Results: Bivariate analysis revealed no relationship between workload (p = 0.223) and work stress (p = 1.000) and burnout. Tenure (p = 0.018) was a confounding variable related to burnout. Multivariate analysis reveals that heavy work stress is associated with a 97 times greater risk of burnout. Heavy workloads risk 360 times burnout. Conclusion: Nurses with >15 years of service have a higher burnout risk compared to those with ≤15 years. Heavy workload and heavy work stress are at risk of causing burnout in Atma Husada Hospital nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Health education needs in chronic kidney disease patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis therapy at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang: a qualitative study Tsaqiba, Tsania Nurjihan; Padmawati, Retna Siwi; Ratrikaningtyas, Prima Dhewi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 08 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i08.12576

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to describe the need for health education programs for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) therapy at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang. Methods: This research employs a qualitative case study approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews and observations of 18 informants. Results: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital in Malang have shared various experiences related to their treatment. For instance, these patients have expressed concerns about being advised against pregnancy. A notable advantage of CAPD therapy is that it allows for fewer dietary restrictions, enabling patients to consume a broader range of foods. However, many CAPD patients also experience feelings of sadness and depression related to their condition. To address these challenges, patients in CAPD therapy require regular health education. Education can be provided through both online and offline methods, with sessions planned every one to six months. Health education content: CKD patients undergoing CAPD therapy require additional content tailored to their specific needs, considering the duration of CAPD use. Novice patients need health education about psychological conditions. Meanwhile, intermediate patients need content about new types of CKD therapy, psychological treatment, vitamins and drugs, and lifestyle for CAPD patients. Long-time patients require content on mental and physical activity, as well as guidance on maintaining healthy bones and skin. Conclusion: CKD patients with CAPD therapy have a positive perception and require additional health education activities regularly. Health education content can be customized to suit the patient's condition and the duration of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). The delivery of health education for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients undergoing CAPD therapy can be conducted through group sessions, individual consultations, or mass methods, including the use of patient WhatsApp groups.

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