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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Perceptions toward cervical cancer screening participation among women in Gunungkidul District Rahayu, Kusnia Wati; Dasuki, Djaswadi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 06 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i06.22070

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to determine the association of perceptions with participation behavior in cervical cancer screening using VIA in Gunungkidul District. Methods: This research used a 1:1 unmatched case-control study design. The research sample consisted of 132 respondents (66 cases and 66 controls) selected by simple random sampling. Data collection was conducted through structured questionnaires administered during interviews from February to May 2019. Data analysis was done by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: Most respondents had an average age of 31-40 years, 47% had senior high school, 72% were housewives, and 78% had ≤ 2 children. Bivariate analysis results showed that perceptions (OR=19.74), knowledge (OR=3.09), and accessibility of health care (OR=7.87) were associated with participation in cervical cancer screening. Multivariable analysis results showed that the husband’s support was a significant confounder in the association between perceptions and cervical cancer screening participation. Conclusion: A good perception of cervical cancer and VIA screening will increase the chances of encouraging VIA screening participation behavior in women. Effective health education and community engagement by health workers, supported by local cadres, are essential to building accurate perceptions of cervical cancer and VIA screening. These efforts are expected to increase VIA screening coverage in the Gunungkidul District.
Spatiotemporal analysis of malaria cases in the primary cluster in Purworejo District, Central Java Province Febriansyah; Ahmad, Riris Andono; Fuad, Anis
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 06 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i06.22071

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of indigenous malaria cases and to understand the transmission risk factors in the primary cluster of Purworejo District from January 2017 to June 2018. Methods: A Survey was conducted to observe the spatial clustering of indigenous malaria cases. The primary cluster was then associated with risk factors, including environmental, socioeconomic, and human factors, in the Purworejo District from January 2017 to June 2018. Results: A total of 538 cases were found, there were 303 cases of P. falciparum (15 of them gametocytes) and 235 cases of P. vivax. In space-time permutation analysis, there were five primary clusters formed with a radius ranging from 0.58 to 7.07 km, in which there were 316 cases in 72 hamlets. The majority of cases in the primary cluster exhibited the same pattern of exposure to weather conditions in the Purworejo District. In addition, the majority of cases were suffered by farmers (31.96%), students (28.16%), and housewives (17.09%). The case strengthens local transmission found in toddlers (4.11%) in all clusters, and more cases occur in the productive age (61.39%). Conclusion: There was spatial-temporal clustering of malaria cases, reinforced by the visualization of local transmission risk factors. Further intervention is necessary, particularly in high-risk areas.
Cigarette expenditures among poor households in Indonesia in 2007 and 2014 (based on IFLS data) Rahayu, Meyi Setiawati; Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir; Dasuki, Djaswadi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 07 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i07.22104

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze cigarette expenditures among poor households and examine whether economic status, chronic diseases, health insurance ownership, and demographic factors influence these expenditures. Methods: This study employs a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach, utilizing secondary data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) conducted in 2007 and 2014. The criteria for the respondents are poor families, smokers, and age > 15 years old, with a sample of 1,243 respondents (2007) and 1,549 respondents (2014). Results: In 2007, cigarette expenditure was influenced by low economic status (OR = 3.34), interest in health insurance (OR = 1.10), age, sex, and place of residence, while a history of chronic disease and education level had no effect. In 2014, economic status and health-related factors no longer had a significant impact; however, age (OR = 2.45) and gender (OR = 0.54) remained influential, with no effect observed from education or residence. Conclusion: Economic status and demographic factors are key determinants of high cigarette expenditures among poor families in Indonesia. Monthly spending on cigarettes remains relatively high, and many poor households still lack health insurance. The government is expected to strengthen awareness and policies related to smoking, particularly those concerning health and health insurance for the poor.
Quality and frequency of antenatal care and the incidence of stunting in Indonesia: an analysis of IFLS 5 Dewi, Zidna Akmala; Hakimi, Mohammad; Kandarina, BJ. Istiti
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 07 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i07.22177

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of antenatal care and the frequency of antenatal care, as well as its impact on stunting in Indonesia, as reported in the 2014 IFLS 5 data. Methods: This study employed an observational analytic design using secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5, with a historical cohort study approach. The population in this study consisted of all children aged 6-23 months who were domiciled in 13 provinces, which were the subject of IFLS 5 data. The analysis was conducted using the chi-squared test and logistic regression. Results: The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the quality of antenatal care for the incidence of stunting, with the p-value=0.52 (RR=1.09; CI 95% = 0.83–1.41) but the frequency of antenatal care had a significant relationship with incidence of stunting with the p-value=0.01 (RR=1.52; CI 95% = 1.11–2.08). The results of multivariate analysis of the frequency of antenatal care influenced the incidence of stunting by considering the variables of blood pressure measurement, maternal work, and iron supplements with a p-value <0.01 (OR=2.015; 95% CI = 1.18–3.44). Conclusion: This study found that the frequency of antenatal care is significantly associated with the incidence of stunting.
Physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study Gebang, Antonius Adolf; Kusnanto, Hari; Huriyati, Emy
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 07 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i07.22190

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between factors of physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Temanggung District. Methods: This study employed an observational analytic design using an incidence density case-control study, with a 1:1 comparison of cases and controls, without matching. Research data retrieval is based on the health center surveillance report and direct interviews with respondents. This research was conducted in 10 health centers located in the Temanggung Regency area of ​​Central Java Province, which had a higher incidence of cases. The sample in this study consisted of 150 respondents, divided into 75 case respondents and 75 control respondents. Results: The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between age factors, family history (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.05-4.31; p-value=0.02), obesity (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 0.99-4.69; p-value=0.03), physical activity and eating fruit vegetables (OR: 5.02; 95% CI: 2.35-10.84; p-value=0.00) with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus while the sex and occupational factors had no association with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The multivariate analysis revealed a relationship between family history, physical activity, and fruit and vegetable intake, as well as the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, in the final model. Conclusion: Low physical activity and a diet low in vegetables can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Intensive and routine counseling is necessary to increase community knowledge and establish more health services, such as Posbindu, in each village to maximize the early detection of diabetes mellitus.
Factors associated with the incidence of obesity among civil servants in Sleman Regency Renyaan, Erna Yati; Prabandari, Yayi Suryo
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 06 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i06.22287

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between physical activity, stress levels, and the incidence of obesity among civil servants (ASN) in Sleman District. Methods: This research used a 1:1 unmatched case-control study design. The research sample consisted of 244 respondents (122 cases and 122 controls) selected by proportional random sampling. Data collection was conducted through interviews using a structured questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: The results showed that 78.3% of respondents were between 35 and 54 years old. Respondents have a final education level of S1/S2 as high as 57.4%. The results of the bivariable analysis showed that moderate physical activity with obesity events (OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.05 - 4.05; p-value: 0.027), severe stress levels with the incidence of obesity (OR = 6.81; 95% CI: 0.75 - 59.60; p-value: 0.044) and age 34-54 years with the incidence of obesity (OR = 3.51; 95% CI: 0.92 - 13.37; p-value: 0.049) has a relationship with the incidence of obesity in ASN in Sleman District. The results of the multivariable analysis showed that moderate physical activity had a significant influence on the incidence of obesity in ASN in Sleman District in the final model. Conclusion: Physical activity has a significant association with the incidence of obesity among ASN in the Sleman District. Therefore, it is recommended that the Sleman District Government provide fitness facilities for regular exercise and establish institutional Posbindu (integrated health posts) in each government office (OPD) to serve as routine health checkpoints and consultation centers for ASN.
Health promotion media design: food traffic light video to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus in elementary school children Tutstsintaiyn, Ribia; Supriyati; Huriyati, Emy
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 08 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i08.22373

Abstract

Purpose: Annually, 15% to 45% of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) cases in children are observed. Among the contributing factors is an unhealthy diet, characterized by high sugar, fat, and carbohydrate intake, as well as low fiber consumption. This study aims to design an animated video of food traffic lights (FTL) for elementary school students to prevent DM. Methods: Qualitative research with a participatory action research approach. The informants were selected based on a purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria are fifth-grade students at Gondolayu Elementary School who are willing to participate as research subjects and possess good communication skills. Key informants included classroom teachers, physical education teachers, parents, and experts in media, nutrition, and health promotion. Data were collected through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, and analyzed using OpenCode 4.03. Results: The students’ problems include risk factors such as frequent consumption of sweet foods, a family history of DM, and a lack of information about DM at school. The design of the FTL video was developed based on a preliminary analysis of students’ needs and interests. The video contains two main components: educational content on DM and the FTL concept. Conclusion: The animated food traffic lights video can elicit a positive response from students, parents, and teachers at school. The design of an FTL animation video must consider the needs, target character, and detailed components within the video.
Risk factors associated with the severity of traffic accident victims in Magelang District Sabono, Julianti Jeanette; Kusnanto, Hari
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 08 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i08.22398

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze risk factors affecting the severity of traffic accident victims in Magelang District and identify accident locations within the Magelang District Police Department's work area. Methods: This observational study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data. The subjects included all individuals involved in road traffic accidents as recorded in the 2018 Accident Report of the Magelang District Police Department. The independent variables were age, sex, time of occurrence, day of occurrence, road type, natural conditions, type of collision, and type of vehicle. Data analysis was conducted using logistic regression and Quantum GIS 2.18. Results: Age over 56 years was significantly associated with the severity of traffic accident victims (95% CI: 1.275–5.215). Additionally, single motorbike collisions were also found to influence injury severity (95% CI: 1.438–1167.166). Spatial analysis revealed clusters of accident locations along several major roads, including the Yogyakarta–Magelang Road, Babak Mungkid Road, Soekarno Hatta Road, Semarang–Magelang Road, Secang Road, and Salam–Bener Road. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant relationship between age and the type of collision, as well as the severity of the accident victims. Multisectoral cooperation is expected to enhance the socialization of driving behavior within the community, provide adequate road facilities, and regulate traffic flows effectively to reduce the incidence and fatalities from traffic accidents.
Utilizing “Google Trends” data to support early detection of epidemic outbreaks: a preliminary study Rahmadina, Frisca; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo; Ramadona, Aditya Lia
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 09 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i09.22594

Abstract

Purpose: This study examined the potential application of Google Trends in supporting early epidemic detection and health campaigns, using the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia as a case study. Method: COVID-19 case data from 2020 to 2022 were collected. Search patterns were analyzed using Indonesian keywords for symptoms: “demam”, “sakit kepala”, “pilek”, “bersin”, “sakit tenggorokan”, “perut”, “batuk”, “nafsu makan”, “muntah”, “lesu”, “mual”, and “diare.” The search patterns were then compared to the COVID-19 case data. Results: We observed a pattern alignment between Google Trends and COVID-19 case peaks. Additionally, differences in lag time were identified between search trends and case peaks across SARS-CoV-2 variants. For instance, the peaks of “sakit tenggorokan” and “batuk” searches lagged about one week for Omicron, around two weeks for Delta, and more than two weeks for Alpha. Conclusion: Internet search activity can support early detection of epidemics and inform timely health campaigns. Moreover, search trends might offer a novel approach to estimate disease incubation periods.
Social media engagement patterns in relation to adolescent anxiety and depression: a systematic review Amanda, Qorry; Haryani, Deby Aprilia; Sofa, Yulia Ratna; Purwanto, Dannu; Maryam, Adiva Kalila; Basrowi, Ray Wagiu; Devi, Yuli Puspita
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 09 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i09.22664

Abstract

Purpose: Adolescents are increasingly immersed in social media environments that encourage curated self-presentation and social comparison. Global prevalence estimates from the World Health Organization indicate that 5.5% of adolescents aged 15–19 meet diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders. While prior research emphasized screen time duration, emerging evidence suggests that how young people engage— primarily through passive, emotionally reactive, or appearance-focused behaviors—may be more predictive of internalising symptoms such as anxiety and depression. This systematic review aimed to synthesize observational evidence on associations between adolescent social media use and internalising symptoms, with particular attention to engagement patterns, psychosocial mediators, and contextual moderators. Methods: A comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and AI-assisted platforms was conducted between April 14 and 25, 2025. Inclusion criteria were: observational design, adolescent population (10–19 years), validated measures of anxiety/depression, and exposure to social media use. Ten studies published between 2018 and 2025 met eligibility criteria (N=10). Data were synthesized narratively, with quality assessed using the JBI checklist. Results: Across studies, problematic use and passive scrolling were more strongly associated with anxiety and depression than total time spent online. Sleep disruption and appearance-based comparison consistently emerged as mediators, while gender, emotional reactivity, and socioeconomic background moderated vulnerability. Girls and gender- diverse adolescents reported higher psychological reactivity. Protective factors included physical activity and family support. Most studies were cross-sectional; only one referenced neurobiological pathways. Conclusion: Digital mental health risks in adolescents are driven less by screen exposure time and more by emotionally charged engagement styles. Interventions should prioritize resilience-building and digital literacy, while future research must incorporate longitudinal and biopsychosocial frameworks to capture the complexity of these associations better.

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