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Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 27755223     EISSN : 28083229     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology is a scientific journal focused on biodiversity and biotechnology published twice a year (June and December) managed and published by Universitas Sebelas Maret. This journal covers original research in the following areas: biodiversity and environment, biotechnology, agriculture biotechnology, food biotechnology, medical biotechnology, bioinformatics, molecular biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, phyto-pharmacy, herbal medicine, and animal science. Other topics are welcome if it discusses about biodiversity or biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 60 Documents
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Antibacterial Activity of Chayote (Sechium edule Swartz) Squash Extracts and Their Phytochemical Constituents Nur Indah Sulistiyani; Ahmad Ainurrofiq; Venty Suryanti
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 2, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v2i1.61330

Abstract

Antibacterial activity of chayote (Sechium edule Swartz) squash extracts against pathogenic bacteria has been evaluated. Dried chayote squash powder was extracted using methanol which was then extracted successively using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol. The antibacterial activities of the extracts were tested by the hole diffusion method. Methanol extract of chayote squash had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli but did not have antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi. Ethyl acetate extract had the highest antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The ethyl acetate extract contains phenolics, condensed tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids. The ethyl acetate extract had a MIC of 50 mg/ml for S. aureus, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli. Different bioactivities of tested extracts were found due to various chemical compositions of extracts as a result of different polarities of the solvent.
Effect of Auxin and Cytokinin on Orchid Subculture Resulting from Coelogyne Crosses Sri Hartati; Ahmad Yunus; Iistikharoh Iistikharoh
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v3i2.80626

Abstract

The black orchid or Coelogyne is one of the native orchids of Kalimantan, widely cultivated in Indonesia. Several species of Coelogyne orchids have been crossed to obtain new superior-quality plants. Modifying the media, such as giving PGR, is necessary for good plant multiplication results. This research was conducted by changing MS growing media with ZPT BA and NAA. This experiment aimed to determine the effect of ZPT BA and NAA on the growth of orchid subcultures from a cross between Coelogyne pandhurata and Coelogyne rumphii. The study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with 2 factors, namely ZPT BA and NAA, each having a concentration of 0 ppm, 0.2 ppm; 0.4 ppm, and 0.6 ppm with 16 treatment combinations and 4 replications. They were implemented at the Laboratory Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, UNS Surakarta, from November 2020 to March 2021. The variables observed included the number of shoots, plant length, plant weight, number of leaves, number of roots, root length, when roots appeared, and when shoots appeared. The results showed that BA 0.6 ppm gives the best output on the growth of the number of shoots, and NAA concentration of 0,2 ppm gives the best results on the variable number of roots. The combination of BA 0.6 ppm and NAA 0.2 ppm gave the best results on plant weight growth.
Morphological Character of The Natural Orchid Phalaenopsis Spp. Results of Colchicine Polyploidy Induction Sri Hartati; Samanhudi Samanhudi; Endang Suprapti
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i2.108518

Abstract

Induction of polyploidy in orchids can cause morphological changes such as larger leaf and flower sizes, longer bloom durations, and sharper flower colors. Morphological characterization needs to be done to determine the morphological changes that occur after colchicine treatment. This study aims to determine the morphological characters of natural orchids Phalaenopsis spp. polyploidy induction using colchicine. The research was carried out from November 2021-February 2022 at the Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, UNS. The plant materials used included P. violacea from Sulawesi, P. violacea from Java, and P. Ambilis from Ambon. The treatment used was colchicine 1,250 ppm which was applied to flower buds using the cotton method with 2 replications. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and paired T-test using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 to compare the average performance of mutant plants with control plants. Induction of polyploidy using colchicine with a concentration of 1,250 ppm could increase the size of leaves, flower stalks, flowers, dorsal and lateral sepals, and petals in P. violacea from Java, P. violacea from Sulawesi, and P. amabilis from Ambon.
Morphological Characterization of Matoa the “Permata Papua” Fruit (Pometia pinnata) in Central Java Endang Yuniastuti; ML Samodra; Muji Rahayu; Iswahyudi Iswahyudi
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i1.107921

Abstract

This research aims to obtain morphological character of Matoa (Pometia pinnata JR Forst & G Forst) plant. This research had been conducted from April to October 2021, in 5 Regency (Karanganyar, Klaten, Pati, Sukoharjo, and Surakarta) Central Java. The morphological characther based on direct observation through primary and secondary data recording, and documenting parts of an adult matoa plant with purposive random sampling. Data of morphological characterization of matoa was analyzed using descriptive analysis method with assistance of Ntsys v2.02i program. The results showed a morphological diversity of matoa plant accessions. Fifty (50) matoa accessions exhibit morphological diversity in plant height, canopy diameter, stem circumference, branching type, leaf colour, number of leaflets, compound leaf length, compound leaf petiole length, leaflet width, fruit density, fruit length, fruit weight, seed weight, and fruit skin colour.
Phenology Dynamics: Flowering and Fruit Development of Prabu Bestari Grape Variety in Denpasar Ni Ketut Karina Sari; Dewa Ayu Ari Ari Febriayanti; Ni Nyoman Ari Putri Murtiyah; Dicky Marsadi
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.109980

Abstract

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) var. Prabu Bestari is an important fruit commodity, but information regarding its reproductive phenology is still minimal. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to determine the time periods required for key phenological stages, namely bud burst, bloom, fruit set, and fruit ripening (harvest), which are crucial for breeding and optimizing production. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture's Experimental Garden (0–9 masl). The observations revealed a rapid reproductive growth cycle. The average time from pruning to shoot emergence (bud burst) was 7 days after pruning (dap). The phase from bud burst to flowering lasted 18–19 days. Full bloom was very brief, lasting only 1 day, and the phase from flowering to fruit set required 1–3 days. The longest period was from fruit set to harvest, lasting 48 days. Overall, the cycle from pruning to harvest for the Prabu Bestari variety required an average of 120 dap. This phenological data provides an essential basis for effective cultivation management.
Valuing And Characterization of Smallholder’s Forest In West Java Endang Hernawan; Tien Lastini; Mia Rosmiati
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i1.81489

Abstract

Today, smallholder forests in West Java - Indonesia play an important role as suppliers of domestic and industrial wood needs. However, with forest managers who are not yet professional and the easy conversion of land use into non-forest, smallholder forests cannot guarantee the sustainability of wood supply. In supporting the implementation of sustainable forest management in smallholder forests, understanding is needed regarding the characteristics of smallholder forests. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of smallholder forest stands as a basis for assessing the sustainability of wood raw material supply. The research location is smallholder forest in Sumedang district. Data collection method is a purposive sampling method with moving plot. The results indicated that the density of smallholder forests per ha was 342.5 trees per ha, with 14 species of trees. The distribution of tree diameters ranges from 1-49 cm, with a predominant class diameter of 10-15 cm. The potential stands for smallholder forests are 32.68 m3ha-1. The cutting felling cycle is at the age of 6.5 years with a selective logging system at a diameter size of more than 15 cm, so it is not optimal and there is a tendency that it will not continue. Therefore, in increasing its sustainability, it is necessary to increase the cutting life. So, there is a tendency for community forest areas to be converted into other land uses.
Role of Organic and Phosphate Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Groundnut Supriyono Supriyono; Cholis Laila Aryani; Pardono Pardono; Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i1.111404

Abstract

Efforts to increase groundnut productivity can be achieved by fertilizing with organic and phosphate fertilizers. This research aims to examine the role of organic and phosphate fertilizers on growth and yield of groundnut. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture UNS Jumantono, EMPT (Ecology and Plant Production Management) Laboratory, Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory from December 2024 to March 2025. The research used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and each repeated three times. The first factor is dose of organic cow manure fertilizer (0, 10, 20, 30 ton.ha-1) and second factor is dose of phosphate fertilizer (0, 75, 150, 225 kg.ha-1). The observed variables include initial soil analysis, growth, yield, plant tissue analysis, and nutrient uptake analysis. Observational data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence significant, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% confidence significant, regression tests, and Pearson correlation tests. The results showed that cow manure fertilizer with an optimum dose of 25.67 ton.ha-1 combined with 225 kg.ha-1 of phosphate fertilizer resulted in the early flowering age, namely 24.97 days after planting. Organic cow manure fertilizer 10 ton.ha-1 was able to increase the number of leaves, leaf area index, fresh weight of straw, number of pods, dry weight of pods, number of seeds per plant, and seed weight per plant of groundnut compared without organic cow manure fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizer 75 kg.ha-1 was able to increase the number of pods, dry weight of pods, and number of seeds per plant compared without phosphate fertilizer.
Seroprevalence, and Risk Factors of Post-Vaccination Antibodies for Foot and Mouth Disease in Tanah Laut District, South Borneo in 2022-2023 Adrin Ma'ruf; Heru Susetya; Tri Untari; Elfa Zuraida
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v3i2.74595

Abstract

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) caused by the Foot Mouth Disease virus (FMDV) is an animal disease that spreads quickly and causes huge economic losses. The Indonesian government has established the vaccination program as a form of national FMD management in 2022. This study was conducted to determine the success and post-vaccination seroprevalence of FMD in Tanah Laut District, South Borneo, and to analyze the factors that influence the success of vaccination. The research method is observational analytic with a cross-sectional study approach. Samples were sera of cows and goats that had been vaccinated, then tested serologically with SP ELISA serotype O and NSP ELISA. Result analyzed by chi-square test (X2), odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR), and spatial analysis (average nearest neighbor).The seroprevalence of immunity to FMD in Tanah Laut Regency was 95.94%. Factors that influence the formation of antibodies after FMD vaccination were the type of animal (OR = 3.781), age (OR = 6.106), sex (OR = 2.801), rearing system (OR = 3.848), feed (OR = 3.448), type of vaccine (OR = 5.508), and number of vaccinations (OR = 0.109). Spatial analysis shows a clustered pattern (Nearest Neighbor Ratio = 0.005457). The seroprevalence of immunity to FMD in Tanah Laut Regency was 95.94%. Goat immune seroprevalence has a higher value when compared to cattle. Factors that influence the formation of FMD vaccination antibodies are animal type, age, sex, feed, rearing system, type of vaccine, and number of vaccinations.
EFFECT OF WATERING FREQUENCY AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF GROUND NUT Supriyono Supriyono; Berliana Nur Rizkyah; Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti; Desy Setyaningrum
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i2.109410

Abstract

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is one of the commodities with high economic value; however, weather anomalies can affect plant water availability, which in turn impacts groundnut production and productivity. If water availability is not balanced with proper fertilizer application, plant growth may be inhibited. This study aims to determine the role of watering frequency and organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of ground nut. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, located in Sukosari Village, Jumantono District, Karanganyar Regency for a duration of four months, from December 2024 to March 2025. The method used was a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), consisting of two factors and three replications. The first factor was watering frequency (once a day, once every two days, once every three days, and once every four days). The second factor is the organic fertilizer dosage (0; 10; 20; and 30 tons.ha -1). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% significance level, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% significance level. Regression analysis was performed to determine the recommended dosage, and correlation analysis was used to identify relationships between observed variables. The result showed that watering once every three days resulted in the best 100-seed weight. Watering once a day resulted in the best dry biomass weight. Organic fertilizer dose of 20 t.ha-1 produced the best plant height, leaf area, leaf area index, number of pods, fresh pod weight, dry pod weight, number of seeds, and seed weight. Organic fertilizer dose of 30 t.ha -1 produced the best number of leaves at 5 Weeks After Planting (WAP), number of nodes at 5 WAP, and flowering age. Interaction between watering once a day and organic fertilizer dose of 20 t.ha-1 produced the best dry biomass weight.
Growth Response and Yields of Variety of Sorghum on Multiple NPK Fertilization in Dry Land Samanhudi Samanhudi; Puji Harsono; Sri Hartati; Iswahyudi Iswahyudi; Naufal Ghazy Wicaksono
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i1.108195

Abstract

Land degradation is a major constraint to agricultural productivity, with drylands particularly vulnerable to critical conditions. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a promising crop for such environments due to its adaptability and dual-purpose value for both biomass and sugar-rich stalks. This study evaluated the growth and yield response of four sorghum varieties—Super, Suri, Numbu, and Keller—to different rates of compound NPK fertilizer under dryland conditions. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors: sorghum varieties and five fertilizer doses (0, 10, 12, 14, and 16 g plant⁻¹), replicated three times. Data were subjected to ANOVA, and treatment means were compared using DMRT at the 5% significance level. Results showed that the Keller variety consistently produced the best agronomic performance, including plant height, number of leaves, stem segments, stem diameter, and biomass dry weight. Moreover, Keller combined with 12 g plant⁻¹ of NPK fertilizer produced the highest sap content (14.0% Brix), highlighting its potential as a dual-purpose sorghum. Leaf traits were most responsive at 14 g plant⁻¹, indicating that moderate-to-high fertilization enhances vegetative growth without excessive input. These findings demonstrate that varietal selection coupled with appropriate nutrient management is crucial for optimizing sorghum production in dryland systems. The study provides practical guidance for farmers and can inform future breeding and fertilizer recommendation programs for sustainable sorghum cultivation.

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