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Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 27755223     EISSN : 28083229     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology is a scientific journal focused on biodiversity and biotechnology published twice a year (June and December) managed and published by Universitas Sebelas Maret. This journal covers original research in the following areas: biodiversity and environment, biotechnology, agriculture biotechnology, food biotechnology, medical biotechnology, bioinformatics, molecular biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, phyto-pharmacy, herbal medicine, and animal science. Other topics are welcome if it discusses about biodiversity or biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 60 Documents
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Effectiveness of Biofilmed Biofertilizer with Balanced Phosphate Fertilizer Dosage in Suppressing Purple Blotch Disease Intensity and Increasing Garlic Yield on Andisol Soil in Tawangmangu Mohammad Fikri Halim Madjid; Hadiwiyono Hadiwiyono; Sudadi Sudadi; Susilo Hamberg Poromarto
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.114347

Abstract

Garlic productivity in Indonesia is often constrained by purple blotch disease (Alternaria porri) . A sustainable control alternative involves utilizing biofilmed biofertilizer (BiO2) combined with phosphate (P) fertilizer . This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of balancing BiO2 and P dosage in suppressing purple blotch disease intensity and increasing garlic yield on Andisol soil in Tawangmangu . The research was conducted from May to September 2024 using a single-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: P0 (0% P + 100% NK + BiO2), P1 (50% P + 100% NK + BiO2), P2 (100% P + 100% NK + BiO2), and P3 (100% NPK without BiO2) . Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT at a 95% significance level . Results indicated that combining BiO2 with P fertilizer was highly effective; it suppressed leaf spot disease intensity by 49.47% and increased garlic yields by 20.91% compared to the control . This confirms that integrating BiO2 with appropriate P fertilization is a viable strategy for improving garlic productivity in Andisol soil .
Karyotype Analysis of Phalaenopsis Hibryds with Colchicine Induction Sri Hartati; Samanhudi Samanhudi; Hasna Afanin
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i1.101961

Abstract

Phalaenopsis hybrid is one of the orchids that is very important in the horticultural market as an ornamental plant whose demand continues to increase. This causes the need for breeding in order to obtain new varied flower characters as desired by polyploidization. Polyploidy induction in Phalaenopsis hybrids was carried out using colchicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the karyotype pattern of Phalaenopsis hybrids. The research was conducted at the Screenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Integrated Laboratory Unit of Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta in August 2021-March 2022. Polyploidy induction was carried out by dripping 1500 ppm concentration of colchicine on flower bud of Phalaenopsis hybrid. The method used in this research is squashing. The experimental results showed that the karyotype pattern in control Phal. Golden Tree was 2n=3x-7=50m, while in Phal. Fuller Sunset and Phal. OX X-ray was 2n=4x=76m. The karyotype pattern in orchids with colchicine induction was Phal. Golden Tree 2n=6x-14=100m, while in Phal. Fuller Sunset and Phal. OX X-ray 2n=8x=152m. 
Potential of Trichocompost to Improve Organic Garlic Production in Fusarium Wilt–Endemic Fields in Tawangmangu, Central Java Susilo Hambeg Poromarto; Supyani Supyani; Salim Widono; Dwiwiyati Nurul Septariani; Hadiwiyono Hadiwiyono; Argha Hyta Dimas Enggartiasto
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i1.111410

Abstract

Garlic is a high-value commodity in Tawangmangu, one of its major production centers in Central Java. However, productivity in this region is seriously affected by Fusarium, the pathogen causes basal rot and wilting in the upper parts of the plant. The disease known as basal rot or Fusarium wilt, with the disease intensity in the field can exceeding  60%. Currently, chemical control remains the primary management strategies, which in organic farming, this practice is not acceptable. Therefore, environmentally friendly alternatives are required, such as using organic fertilizers, biological control agent like Trichoderma or combination. Trichoderma is also known as a cellulolytic microbe, which can enhance the composting process and produce Trichompost with improved quality. Field experiment results indicate that Trichocompost (TC) performs better compared to compost (C), Trichoderma (T), or untreated treatment. This findings suggest that garlic treated with Trichocompost and organic fertilizer show better growth with lower wilting intensity. Therefore, there is an indication that increased plant growth can reduce the intensity of Fusarium wilt in garlic.
Preparation of Biopesticide Powder from Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) Leaf Extract to Eradicate Whitefly Pests (Bemisia tabaci G.) on Eggplant Plants (Solanum melongena L.) Laila Silvy Fatmawati; Natasya Dian Andini; Dr. Margono
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v3i2.83481

Abstract

The use of synthetic pesticides in Indonesia is increasingly widespread because they are considered effective in killing pests. However, synthetic pesticides leave residues that can cause environmental pollution and human health problems. Therefore, another alternative is needed, namely switching to using environmentally friendly vegetable pesticides. One of the alternatives is biopesticide powder from jicama leaf extract as a whitefly pest controller. Pomace leaves contain active compounds that are toxic to whitefly, namely rotenone which is a group of flavonoid compounds. The method of making this biopesticide powder consists of 2 stages, the first is the preparation of jicama leaf extract through a maceration process for 2 days with the ratio of leaf powder and solvent, namely 40 g, 60 g, 80, and 100 g of jicama leaf powder in 500 ml of 96% ethanol. The second stage is the processing of jicama leaf extract into biopesticide powder through the encapsulation process, namely mixing the extract with maltodextrin using a weight ratio of extract maltodextrin, namely 1 : 2 (w : w). The analysis carried out was the test of biopesticide effectiveness against whitefly. After testing, it was found that the biopesticide powder that was effective in eradicating whitefly pests was a biopesticide powder with a ratio of 100 grams of jicama leaf powder in 500 mL of 96% ethanol with a dissolution dose of 20 g/L in water, which was able to kill whitefly with a mortality percentage of 100% on day 3.
In Vitro Effects of Yeast Extract and Indole-3-Acetic Acid on Shoot Emergence and Height in Mas Kirana Banana Samanhudi Samanhudi; Retna Bandriyati Arniputri; Sri Hartati; Iswahyudi Iswahyudi; Dewi Selvia Maulida Saputri
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i1.108197

Abstract

Mas Kirana banana (Musa sp.) is a superior local variety from Lumajang, East Java, valued for its favorable fruit size and consumer preference. Conventional propagation of this variety is limited due to its low production of saplings (2–3 per clump), making large-scale cultivation inefficient. Tissue culture techniques offer an alternative approach to accelerate propagation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of yeast extract and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on the in vitro growth of Mas Kirana banana explants. The experiment was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors: yeast extract at four concentrations (0, 400, 800, and 1200 mg L⁻¹) and IAA at four concentrations (0, 0.75, 1.5, and 2.25 ppm). Growth responses were assessed based on shoot emergence, shoot height, root development, and leaf formation. Yeast extract significantly affected shoot emergence time; however, its effect was inhibitory rather than promotive. The control (0 mg L⁻¹) produced the fastest emergence (11 DAP), whereas higher yeast concentrations (400–1200 mg L⁻¹) delayed emergence to 13–22 DAP.. IAA significantly influenced shoot height, with the best performance at 1.5 ppm, while other growth parameters were not significantly affected. These findings indicate that the effectiveness of yeast extract and IAA is highly concentration-dependent, and their roles in improving micropropagation of Mas Kirana banana require further optimization. This study provides baseline information to support the development of more efficient tissue culture protocols for large-scale propagation of this important local variety.
Effect of Goat Manure and Moringa Leaf Extract on Vegetative Growth of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Fitria Roviqowati; Muhammad Farhan Alfianto; Pardono Pardono; Edi Purwanto; Ahmad Yunus
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i2.106012

Abstract

The use of organic fertilizers and growth stimulants in the form of natural PGR is the main solution to support sustainable coffee cultivation. This research aims to determine the best treatment combination, the best dose of goat manure, and the best concentration of moringa leaf extract for vegetative growth of robusta coffee TBM 1. The research was conducted in Kemuning Village, Ngargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency in October 2023-April 2024. The method used was a Randomized Complete Group Design (RCBD) consisting of two factors and three replications. The first factor was goat manure (0, 3, 4, and 5 kg.plant-1) . The second factor was moringa leaf extract (0, 150, 200, and 250 g.L-1concentration). Data analysis used analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% error level then continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% error level if there were significant results. The observed variables include plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, and total chlorophyll. The results showed that the application of goat manure and moringa leaf extract affected the vegetative growth of robusta coffee plants. The combination of goat manure 4 kg.plant-1and moringa leaf extract at a concentration of 250 g.L-1had an effect on increasing chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. Goat manure had no effect on all variables. Without the moringa leaf extract had better effect on plant height and the moringa leaf extract concentration of 250 g.L-1affected the increase in leaf area 6 weeks after application.
Effectiveness of Long Bean Plant Pest Control by Utilizing Cyanic Acid Content from Various Parts of Rubber Cassava Plants (Manihot Glaziovii) Siti Mardhika Sari; Endang Suprapti; Tyas SKD; Achmad Fatchul Aziez; Nonik Fitri Cahyani
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v4i1.104966

Abstract

Pest attacks are one of the main obstacles in the cultivation of long beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis) in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cyanide acid content from various parts of the rubber cassava plant (Manihot glaziovii) in controlling Aphis craccivora pests and its impact on the growth and yield of long beans. The study was conducted in Sragen and the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tunas Pembangunan University, Surakarta during September–December 2024 with a completely randomized block design (RAKL) with two factors, namely plant parts (leaves, tuber skin, and tubers) and extract doses (0, 10, 20, and 30 ml/plant). The results showed that tuber skin fermentation (B2) was the most effective in reducing the percentage of pest attacks (30.80%) and attack intensity (40.44%). The treatment dose of 30 ml/plant (K4) gave the best results in suppressing pest attacks and increasing growth and yield parameters, such as plant length (141.64 cm), fresh stalk weight (1905.77 g), and fruit weight (497.22 g). The bioactive content in cassava tuber skin has the potential as a pest control agent as well as a plant growth stimulant. This study supports the use of environmentally friendly and sustainable local biopesticides to increase the productivity of long beans.
Effects of Rice Varieties on Attractiveness, Population Development, and Weight Loss Caused by Sitophilus oryzae During Storage Dicky Marsadi; Ketut Ayu Yuliadhi
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.113966

Abstract

Sitophilus oryzae is one of the major pests of stored rice, causing both quantitative and qualitative losses during storage. This study aimed to analyze the effects of different rice varieties on attractiveness, population development, and weight loss resulting from S. oryzae infestation. The research was conducted using a free-choice attractiveness test, population development observations, and weight loss measurements on four rice varieties, namely red rice, white rice, black rice, and brown rice. The results indicated that rice variety significantly affected the behavior and population development of S. oryzae. Red rice exhibited the highest level of attractiveness and the greatest population growth rate, followed by black rice and brown rice, whereas white rice showed the lowest attractiveness, population growth rate, and weight loss. The pattern of rice weight loss corresponded to pest population levels, with varieties harboring higher S. oryzae populations experiencing greater percentages of weight loss. Differences in S. oryzae responses among rice varieties are likely associated with variations in the physical and chemical characteristics of the grains, particularly nutrient content and grain layer structure, which influence feeding preference and developmental success of the pest. These findings suggest that rice varieties have potential as an important component of postharvest pest management strategies, especially in reducing storage losses through the selection of varieties that are relatively more resistant to S. oryzae infestation.
Novelty, Distinctiveness, Uniformity, and Stability Testing for Three Potential Lines of Black Rice Nandariyah - Nandariyah; Yuyun Nitasari; Bambang Pujiasmanto; Endang Yuniastuti
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v3i2.80676

Abstract

Black rice Cempo Ireng is a local variety with a long plant life, high plant posture, and low productivity. Plant breeding by gamma irradiation was carried out to correct these weaknesses. The results of the gamma irradiation process included a selection process for each generation and produced potential lines numbers such as 8, 51, and 52. The characterization was based on the NDUS (Novelty, Distinctiveness, Uniformity, and Stability) test. The purpose of this study was to characterize potential lines as one of the requirements for the release of plant varieties. The study was conducted in the paddy fields of Pakahan Village, Jogonalan District, Klaten Regency, from February-July 2022. The method used was a single factor randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were analyzed by T test with 5% level. The results of the study showed that the three potential lines have differences with the parent and the Sembada varieties. Three potential lines can be deemed to be new, dictinct, uniform, and stable.
The Effect of Naphtaleine Acetic Acid ND Benzyl Amino Purine on the Subculture of Kepok Unti Sayang Banana Samanhudi Samanhudi; Andriyana Setyawati; Edi Purwanto; Muji Rahayu; Eviani Eviani; Muhammad Aji Cahyadi
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i1.108513

Abstract

The Kepok Unti Sayang variety is a superior type of banana that is resistant to fusarium wilt. The high demand for Kepok Unti Sayang needs to be balanced with good seed production. One of the methods used for multiplying superior seeds of Kepok Unti Sayang is through tissue culture. This research aims to obtain the optimal concentration of Naphtaleine Acetic Acid (NAA) in the subculture media for the growth of root numbers in the Kepok Unti Sayang Banana. The second objective is to determine the optimal concentration of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) in the subculture medium for shoot number growth in Kepok Unti Sayang bananas. Another goal is to identify the best treatment combination that can produce the highest number of shoots in Kepok Unti Sayang bananas. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology at Sebelas Maret University from February to July 2025. The study was conducted with 4 levels of NAA treatment: 0; 0.5; 1; and 1.5 ppm. The BAP treatment was administered at 4 levels: 0; 1; 2; and 3 ppm. The variables observed in this study were the time of shoot emergence, number of shoots, time of root emergence, root length, and final height of the planlet. Data from each variable were then analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with an F-test at a significance level of 95%. Significantly different data were then followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of 95%. The significant combination of NAA and BAP on the observed variables was then reanalyzed using regression tests. The results showed that the application of various concentrations of NAA does not affect the growth of the number of roots of Kepok bananas var. Unti Sayang. The application of 2 ppm BAP is optimal for the growth of the number of shoots of Kepok bananas var. Unti Sayang. The interaction between 1 ppm NAA and BAP at 1-2 ppm produces the most optimal average shoot emergence time.

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