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Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 27755223     EISSN : 28083229     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology is a scientific journal focused on biodiversity and biotechnology published twice a year (June and December) managed and published by Universitas Sebelas Maret. This journal covers original research in the following areas: biodiversity and environment, biotechnology, agriculture biotechnology, food biotechnology, medical biotechnology, bioinformatics, molecular biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, phyto-pharmacy, herbal medicine, and animal science. Other topics are welcome if it discusses about biodiversity or biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 60 Documents
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The Effect of Various Fertilizer Doses on Sugarcane Seed Growth and Productivity Dony Agung Wicaksono; Deny Bagus Surendra; Febry Ari Marpaung; Nanik Tri Ismadi
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.111756

Abstract

Fertilization plays a crucial role in promoting plant growth, increasing yield, and improving crop quality. Current fertilization recommendations for sugarcane are generally based on production-oriented cultivation with a 12-month growth period, while specific fertilization requirements for seed sugarcane remain insufficiently studied. This study aimed to determine the optimal fertilizer dosage for sugarcane seed by evaluating the effects of different fertilizer combinations on plant growth and productivity. The research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Puslit Sukosari. The experimental area covered 0.046 ha, with planting rows 8 m in length and a row factor of 1042 rows/ha. Four fertilizer treatments were applied: (A) ZA 640 kg/ha, SP 36 48.1 kg/ha, and KCl 255 kg/ha; (B) ZA 531 kg/ha, SP 36 40 kg/ha, and KCl 213 kg/ha; (C) ZA 427.5 kg/ha, SP 36 31.9 kg/ha, and KCl 171 kg/ha; and (D) ZA 321.3 kg/ha, SP 36 23.9 kg/ha, and KCl 129 kg/ha. The results showed that increasing fertilizer dosage did not result in a linear increase in seed sugarcane productivity. The highest seed productivity and optimal growth performance, including the number of stalks, stalk height, stalk diameter, and seed weight per hectare, were obtained under Treatment B. In contrast, the lowest productivity was observed under Treatment D. Considering both fertilization efficiency and production costs during the vegetative growth phase, seed sugarcane plantations may be fertilized using the complete fertilizer combination in Treatment B or solely with nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of ZA 531 kg/ha.
Application of ZA Fertilizer on Growth and Production of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) Albriansyah Zinka Ancoro Putro; Supriyono Supriyono; Sulandjari Sulandjari; Djoko Purnomo
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v3i2.74442

Abstract

Red ginger is one of the export commodities of spices in Indonesia which plays a significant role in the country's foreign exchange earnings. In order to meet market demand, ginger cultivation needs to be fertilized both organically and inorganically to increase production. ZA fertilizer for plants serves to stimulate vegetative growth. This study aims to determine the response of red ginger to the application of ZA fertilizer has a significant effect on the growth and yield of red ginger and to obtain the optimum dose of ZA fertilizer for the growth and yield of red ginger. This research was carried out in March - August 2021 until it was completed in Pelem Hamlet, Wonorejo Village, Jatiyoso District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province with coordinates 7°43'24.7”S 111°05'31.2”E. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). This study consisted of 4 treatments with 6 replications so that 24 experimental units were obtained, while the treatments in this study were as follows: P0: Control without ZA fertilizer, P1: Treatment 225 Kg ZA/ha or 22.5 g/m2, P2: Treatment 450 Kg ZA/ha or 45 g/m2, and P3: Treatment 675 Kg ZA/ha or 67.5 g/m2. The results showed that ZA fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield of red ginger, but on growth observations, P2 treatment with a dose of 450 Kg ZA/ha can have a significant effect on the increase in the number of plants per plot. The dry weight of the stover was strongly correlated with the weight of fresh rhizomes with correlation values (r) 0.508.
Comparative Analysis of Bioacoustic and Point Count Methods for Calculating Bird Species Richness in Bukit Watu Ondo, Mount Ungaran, Central Java Divanda Lathiifanindya; Vika Widyaningrum; Yudistira Nurpratama; Maesa Faradina; Ni’mah Alawiyah Safitri; Margareta Rahayuningsih
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i1.110928

Abstract

The study aims to compare the effectiveness of bioacoustic and point count methods in assessing bird species richness in Bukit Watu Ondo, Mount Ungaran, Central Java. A quantitative approach was employed through simultaneous data collection using both methods at six observation points. Bird observations were conducted visually and acoustically for 15-minute sessions at each point, repeated three times. The data were analyzed using a paired t-test to determine statistical differences between the two methods. Results showed that the point count method identified 29 species from 22 families, while the bioacoustic method recorded 25 species from 17 families. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference (p = 0.927) between the two methods in the number of detected species, indicating comparable effectiveness. However, bioacoustics proved more efficient in detecting vocally active or cryptic species that were difficult to observe visually, whereas point count performed better for visually conspicuous species. The combination of both methods provided a more comprehensive representation of avifaunal diversity. These findings demonstrate that bioacoustic techniques are a viable and complementary alternative to traditional visual methods in biodiversity monitoring and conservation management.
A Review: Bacterial Pustule of Soybean Caused by Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Glycines: Epidemiology, Economic Impact, and Status in Indonesia Zahra Tazkiyatun Haqiki; Hadiwiyono Hadiwiyono
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.112954

Abstract

Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill) are the most important commodity after rice and corn. Soybeans are used as food, feed, and materials for the food industry. One of the major biological constraints to soybean productivity is bacterial pustule disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag), a pathogen favored by warm and humid environments. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and economic losses associated with soybean bacterial pustule, with particular emphasis on its status in Indonesia. Available studies indicate that bacterial pustule is widely distributed in major soybean-producing regions, with reported disease severity ranging from 12% to 70%. Under favorable environmental conditions, yield losses may reach 7–40%, primarily due to defoliation, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and decreased seed size and number. Disease development is strongly associated with temperatures of 26–30 °C, high relative humidity, and prolonged leaf wetness, conditions commonly observed during the rainy season in tropical agroecosystems. Indonesia’s warm and humid tropical climate provides suitable conditions for pathogen survival, dispersal, and infection, particularly during the rainy season. This review highlights key knowledge gaps and underscores the need for integrated epidemiological assessments to mitigate yield losses and to support sustainable soybean production in Indonesia.
Comparative Cytogenetic Characterization of Grammatophyllum martae, Dendrobium violaceoflavens, and Dendrobium Tiara Beauty × D. Graty Sri Hartati; Fitria Roviqowati; Yuni Tuwenti
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 6, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v6i1.117680

Abstract

Orchids are among the most popular ornamental plants widely favored by the public. Plant breeders continuously strive to improve the quantity, quality, and cytological characteristics of orchids to support successful breeding programs. This study aimed to determine the cytological characteristics of Grammatophyllum martae, Dendrobium violaceoflavens, and the hybrid D. Tiara Beauty × D. Graty, including chromosome number, chromosome size, chromosome shape, karyotype, and chromosome asymmetry index. The research was conducted at the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret, from July to August 2025. The number, size, shape, and karyotype pattern of chromosomes were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that G. martae, D. violaceoflavens, and the hybrid D. Tiara Beauty × D. Graty have the same chromosome number, 2n = 38, composed of metacentric chromosomes. The chromosomes of G. martae had a total arm length of 1.10 ± 0.28 µm, D. violaceoflavens 1.48 ± 0.40 µm, and the hybrid D. Tiara Beauty × D. Graty 1.30 ± 0.36 µm. The intrachromosomal (A1) and interchromosomal (A2) asymmetry indices of the three observed orchids were low, indicating that their karyotypes tend to be symmetrical, as they are composed of metacentric chromosomes with minimal size variation.
The Effects of PGPR Type and Application Intervals on The Growth and Yield of Cucumbers (Cucumis Sativus L.) Septia Nur Aisyah; Pramono Hadi; Srie Juli Rachmawatie
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 6, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v6i1.118494

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of PGPR type and application interval on the growth and yield of cucumber plants. The study was conducted from October 26 to December 15, 2025, in Menjing Village, Jenawi Subdistrict, Karanganyar Regency, on Latosol soil at an elevation of 510 meters above sea level. This study employed a factorial design with a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), consisting of two treatment factors and three replications. The first treatment factor was the type of PGPR (M), comprising three types (M1 = bamboo roots, M2 = mimosa pudica roots, and M3 = a mixture of bamboo and mimosa pudica roots). The second treatment factor, the PGPR application interval (P), consisted of three levels (I1 = 4 days, I2 = 8 days, and I3 = 12 days). The interaction between the type of PGPR treatment and the application interval had no significant effect on all observed parameters, with the best results observed in the combination of bamboo root PGPR treatment with a 4-day application interval (M1I1). The highest fruit weight of 11.61 kg/plot (60.48 tons/ha) was obtained in the M1I1 treatment combination (bamboo root PGPR applied at 4-day intervals). The lowest fruit weight of 8.19 kg/plot (42.64 tons/ha) was obtained in the M2I3 treatment combination (PGPR from mimosa roots applied at 12-day intervals).
Morphological and Anatomical Identification of Rhizoctonia Mycorrhizal from Five Dendrobium Sp. R Soelistijono; Syalaysa Imani Fatihah
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 6, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v6i1.118627

Abstract

Orchids are one of the plants that do not have food reserves (endosperm), so they require mycorrhizal fungi (Orchid mycorrhizal fungi / OMF) to help absorb nutrients and support seed germination. A more detailed understanding of the mycorrhizal character of each orchid species is very necessary because each orchid has a different OMF to support more optimal cultivation. This study aims to determine and identify the types of OMF morphologically and anatomically belonging to the Rhizoctonia mycorrhizal group that are able to associate with five species of Dendrobium sp. orchids, namely Dendrobium spectabile, Dendrobium lineale, Dendrobium aphyllum, Dendrobium discolor, and Dendrobium fimbriatum. The method used is the observation method by taking 150 OMF samples. Based on the results of cell nucleus observations, isolates from D. aphyllum have the highest percentage of binucleate cells (80%), so they are considered the most stable and have strong potential as functional mycorrhizae. In contrast, D. discolor had the lowest binucleate value (44%), indicating a weaker symbiotic ability compared to other isolates. Overall, this study demonstrates that host orchid species influence the characteristics of Rhizoctonia mycorrhizal. This information can be used as a basis for developing orchid cultivation technology and further research through molecular analysis.
The Effect of Watering Frequency on Growth, Productivity, and Agribusiness Feasibility of Bali Karet Shallot Variety in Lowland Areas Ni Ketut Karina Sari; Ni Nyoman Alit Purnami; Dicky Marsadi
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 6, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v6i1.120075

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of watering frequency on the growth, productivity, and agribusiness feasibility of the Bali Karet shallot variety cultivated in lowland areas. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, from January to March 2026 using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four irrigation treatments: P0 (once/day), P1 (twice/day), P2 (three times/day), and P3 (soil moisture-based), each with three replications. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% significance level. Watering frequency significantly affected plant growth, productivity, water use, and agribusiness feasibility. Treatment P3 showed the best performance, increasing productivity from 7.8 to 11.3 t ha⁻¹ (44.9%), farm profit from IDR 17.4 million to IDR 42.6 million ha⁻¹ (144.8%), and the R/C ratio from 1.39 to 1.89, while reducing water consumption from 5,850 to 5,100 m³ ha⁻¹ (12.8%) compared with P0. These results demonstrate that soil moisture-based irrigation improves water-use efficiency while maximizing shallot productivity and profitability, making it a promising irrigation strategy for sustainable shallot production in lowland areas. 
Natural Compounds in Moringa oleifera Leaves Targeting Estrogen Receptor Beta (ESR2) for PCOS treatment: Insight from In Silico Docking Aslikh Lana Dina; Alin Robiah Al Adawiah; Ade Hilman Juhaeni
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 6, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v6i1.115073

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a health complication that often leads to infertility in women. PCOS, as a reproductive-metabolic disorder, is also related to breast cancer and other diseases. Nevertheless, there is no universal drug for PCOS treatment. Hence, exploring a new candidate’s drugs is crucial. Estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) has become a significant marker for PCOS and has the potential to be used as a target for PCOS treatment. This study aims to explore the potential use of moringa as a nutraceutical. This study provides in silico data of selected compounds (naringenin, gallic acid, quinic acid, quercetin, apigenin, and kaempferol) in moringa leaves as a candidate drug for PCOS treatment targeting ESR2. Naringenin and apigenin showed a noteworthy calculated binding affinity score from docking into ESR2 (<- 7kcal/mol). Protein-protein analysis and gene analysis showed that ESR2 is expressed in varying tissues. It strengthens the potential use of moringa as a nutraceutical. This study showed that Moringa leaves have the potential to be used as a complement to PCOS treatment.
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Dendrobium sp Orchid from Indonesia based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Ahmad Yunus; Sri Hartati; Fitria Riviqowati
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 6, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v6i1.117657

Abstract

The orchid genus Dendrobium is a commodity from plants that are sold in pots, and Cut flowers are very popular in the world because they have flowers of various sizes, shapes, and colors. Orchid flowers of the Dendrobium genus flower throughout the year, so they are included in the promising cut flower industry. Information on genetic diversity and genetic relationships between orchids of the genus Dendrobium through molecular analysis techniques is needed in plant breeding programs and genetic resources. Orchids Dendrobium that have various phenotypes will increase the selling value of the commodity. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of the orchid Dendrobium using RAPD markers. The scoring data were analyzed using NTSYS-pc (software Numeral Taxonomic System) version 2.02, which produced data in the form of cluster dendrograms. Genetic diversity of Dendrobium spp., analyzed with 5 primers RAPD, ranges from 43-76% and divides the dendrogram into 2 main clusters based on genetic similarity. The polymorphism of the 5 RAPD primers was very high, namely 91.6-100%.

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