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I Gede Bawa Susana
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Energy, Materials and Product design
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 29646987     EISSN : 29646987     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29303/empd.v3i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Energy, Materials and Product Design is an open-access journal and published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mataram, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Articles that have been approved and published in journals can be accessed by everyone at https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/empd/index. Energy, Materials and Product Design is a forum for publishing research results, case studies, and reviews related to mechanical engineering, such as energy, materials, product design, and ergonomics, which can influence other engineering fields. The scope of this journal is the field of mechanical engineering, including research or case studies related to heat exchangers, energy conversion including solar, wind, marine, biomass, heat storage, materials and components including manufacturing and metallurgy, electric vehicles or their components, as well as Ergonomics applications in tool and work station design. Articles can be written in Indonesian and English according to the Energy, Materials and Product Design journal guidelines.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 81 Documents
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ANALISIS EFISIENSI POMPA SENTRIFUGAL PADA DESALINASI DENGAN PROSES REVERSE OSMOSIS: ANALYSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP EFFICIENCY IN DESALINATION WITH THE REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS Joniarta, I Wayan; Aprilian Dika, Ade; Wijana, Made
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study provides information for the desalination industry in an effort to improve the performance and efficiency of desalination systems using the reverse osmosis method. By paying attention to the factors that influence the efficiency of centrifugal pumps, the provision of clean water in areas experiencing a water crisis will be better. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a system in desalination technology that is often used to replenish fresh water supplies. RO performance depends on the quality of sea water as the raw water source. RO works by utilizing osmotic pressure. Hydrostatic pressure which is greater than osmotic pressure is used to reverse the flow, thereby producing fresh water. RO utilizes a high-pressure pump process to flow seawater through a membrane polymer structure. In RO there is a main membrane module configuration which has two functions, namely supporting the performance of the RO membrane and providing efficient fluid management. The desalination system used at PT Perusahaan Air Indonesia America (PAIA) still uses centrifugal pumps and can produce a production capacity of 600-700 m3/day, and is still in the system upgrade stage. From the calculations that have been carried out, the pump efficiency value is 59.16%.
EVALUASI ALAT PENGADUK DODOL NANGKA SKALA RUMAH TANGGA BERDASARKAN PRINSIP ERGO-EKONOMI : EVALUATION OF HOUSEHOLD SCALE JACKFRUIT DODOL MIXER TOOL BASED ON ERGO-ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES Bawa Susana, I Gede; Alit, Ida Bagus
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

The use of manual tools in the process of stirring jackfruit dodol tends to have an impact on high workload, fatigue, and complaints from workers. The stirring process requires a lot of energy to get perfectly cooked dodol. In addition, manual tools take a long time, and the product needs to be evenly cooked, leaving a crust on the dodol stirring pan. To overcome this, an automatic stirring tool is needed at an affordable cost. Workers' participation as users is required so that the tools used match workers' wishes. Ergo-economic applications are necessary to meet workers' desires: comfort and affordable costs. From the evaluation carried out, it was found that the automatic stirring tool only requires a little energy because a machine does the stirring. This impacts the workload, fatigue, and complaints automatically decreasing when compared to using a manual stirring tool. Economically, the use of an automatic stirring tool provides benefits for dodol entrepreneurs after the 2.4th month. This is based on the investment value of the automatic stirring machine. The ROI (Return on Investment) level is 170.216%. This stirring machine is more effective because the stirring results are more even and do not cause crust on the container. Worker performance can be improved by applying ergo-economics based on preventive measures against behaviors that can potentially cause injury in the workplace. Workers are the main asset or economic resource in the industry, and ergonomics and economics are interrelated with ergonomics, which can create better working conditions, producing a better economy.
MANAJEMEN PROYEK COLD STORAGE MANGGIS DI LINGSAR: PROJECT MANAGEMENT ON MANGOSTEEN COLD STORAGE IN LINGSAR Sujud Alfanza Jihad; Suryo, Is Bunyamin; Triadi, Anak Agung Alit
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/empd.v4i1.6247

Abstract

Mangosteen is the largest export commodity in the Lingsar sub-district, West Lombok district, West Nusa Tenggara. In addition to being sold in the local market, mangosteen in the Lingsar area is also exported to foreign countries such as China, the United Arab Emirates, and countries in Europe. One of the mangosteen exporters in the West Lombok area is PT BAS which has a warehouse as well as an operational location to store and manage mangosteen to be exported. To maintain the temperature of mangosteen, PT BAS uses Cold Storage to store harvested mangosteen for storage before being packaged and exported. The distribution is useful to maintain the content in mangosteen fruit so that it does not rot because it is stored in a closed room. So that mangosteen is ready for export This aims to maintain the quality of the stored mangosteen so that it is ready for export. Therefore, for cost and time efficiency, it is important to apply the design and simulation method to Cold Storage to find out the incoming levels and the company owner can monitor in real time the condition of the mangosteen stored in it.
The THE FERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC CAR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MATARAM : THE FERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC CAR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MATARAM Yudhyadi, I Gusti Ngurah Ketut; Pandiatmi, Pandri; Dyah S., Emmy; Alit, Ida Bagus; Sinarep
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/empd.v4i1.6342

Abstract

The university of Mataram car suspension and its control was designed to minimize the vibration produced by unwanted external inputs i.e., changes of road contours that reach the car passengers. This effort will provide the passenger with higher safety and comfort. In this study, a quarter car model with two degree of freedoms (2 DOF) was designed and developed its mathematical model. The effects of the road contour were studied and analyzed in term of overshoot and settling time that affect the main body, suspension as well as the passenger. The MATLAB Simulink model was programmed to mimic the behavior of the suspension and its response to the input which was the road contour (step function). This approach was very helpful to reduce the effort, time and money. The result shows that with implementation of the design parameters chose, the responses of the system (displacement and velocities) were satisfied the criteria of comfortable (there are no overshoot), however, the settling time was seconds that much higher than expected which will disturb the passenger comfort. This point shows that the suspension design needs further improvement with consideration of using active suspension with adequate control system.
PENGARUH VARIASI BENTUK BRIKET ARANG BIOMASSA BERBAHAN LIMBAH KAYU TERHADAP NILAI KALOR DAN BOILING TIME : THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN THE SHAPE OF BIOMASS CHARCOAL BRIQUETTES MADE FROM WOOD WASTE ON CALORIFIC VALUE AND BOILING TIME Usman, Zohimundin; Joniarta, I Wayan; Wijana, Made; Wiratama, I Kade
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/empd.v4i1.6805

Abstract

Most Indonesian people currently use energy derived from fossil fuels, such as fuel oil, gas and coal. The impact of using fossil fuels is that it can damage the environment. Several alternative energy sources that are commonly developed are biomass energy. This biomass is usually processed into biochar which is a fuel with a high calorific value and can be used in everyday life. Briquettes are an energy source derived from biomass which can be used as alternative energy. In this study, briquettes were made from teak, acacia and mahogany wood waste. The method used is an experiment with the carbonization process using a modified composing drum. The independent variables used were briquette materials from teak, acacia and mahogany wood waste, variations in the shape of cube, cylindrical and hexagonal jerry cans. Tests include analysis of water content, calorific value, and changes in temperature. The results of this study showed that the best moisture content was obtained from cylindrical teak wood waste briquettes with an average value of 3.57%. Then for the calorific value, the best results were obtained from cylindrical teak wood waste briquettes with a value of 3457.0 Kkal/kg. and for temperature changes the best results were obtained on the cube-shaped mahogany wood waste briquette specimens with an average value of 10 minutes 46 seconds.
ANALISIS POTENSI BIOMASSA SEKAM PADI DI PULAU LOMBOK, INDONESIA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN: ANALYSIS OF RICE HUSK BIOMASS POTENTIAL IN LOMBOK ISLAND, INDONESIA AS A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE Bawa Susana, I Gede; Putra, I Ketut Perdana; Wirya Aryadi, I Gusti Agung Ketut Chatur Adhi
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/empd.v4i1.6877

Abstract

The utilization of renewable energy is one of the strategic solutions for overcoming dependence on fossil fuels and supporting sustainable development. This study aims to analyze the potential of rice husk biomass on the island of Lombok as an environmentally friendly renewable energy source. The methods used include collecting secondary data on rice production, estimating rice husk production as agricultural waste, and projecting the potential energy to produce. The analysis was carried out through theoretical calculations of the potential energy of rice husk biomass. It did not include economic aspects, and the collection of raw materials was not considered. The study results show that the island of Lombok has a reasonably enormous potential for rice husk biomass, with an energy value that can be converted into electricity or alternative fuels. In addition, the use of rice husk as biomass can also reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide a positive economic impact on local communities. However, optimizing this potential requires the support of appropriate technology, infrastructure, and policies. Thus, rice husk on the island of Lombok has the prospect of being one of the promising renewable energy sources within the framework of the national energy transition.
RISK IDENTIFICATION AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR WORKERS IN VEHICLE WASHING OPERATIONS Kurnia, Fikrihadi; Wening Galih, Cinta Mugia; Febrian, Ade
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/bzskdj68

Abstract

This study identifies and evaluates occupational health and safety risks faced by workers in vehicle washing operations in Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat, focusing on motorcycle and car wash services. Through observational studies conducted on April 6, 2025, key hazards were identified, including musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) from non-ergonomic postures, chemical exposure from soap, slipping on wet floors, and noise from compressors. The Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method revealed high ergonomic risks, with REBA scores of 10 for both motorcycle and car wash workers, indicating a significant risk of MSDs due to prolonged bending and repetitive motions. Bowtie Analysis further mapped causes, consequences, and control measures, emphasizing non-ergonomic postures and chemical hazards as primary concerns. Preventive strategies, such as ergonomic training, long-handled tools, and personal protective equipment (PPE), were proposed to mitigate risks. The findings align with global studies reporting high MSD prevalence among sanitation workers, underscoring the need for ergonomic interventions and safety protocols. This study contributes to the literature by offering tailored risk mitigation strategies for the vehicle washing industry, advocating for enhanced worker safety, improved productivity, and reduced occupational health risks through comprehensive risk management and ergonomic solutions..
KARAKTERISTIK GETARAN DALAM BENTUK WAVEFORM DAN SPEKTRUM MELALUI TRANSFORMASI FOURIER Salman; Okariawan, I Dewa Ketut; Nurchayati; Mulyanto, Arif; Sulistyowati, Emmy Dyah
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/enatq908

Abstract

The analysis of machine vibration is therefore essential for predictive maintenance and condition monitoring. Modern approaches, ranging from time-domain measurements of acceleration, velocity, and displacement to frequency-domain and modal analysis. This study investigates the vibration characteristics of rotating equipment in a manufacturing environment, focusing on identifying dominant frequencies, evaluating amplitude trends, and assessing overall machine condition. Data collected from accelerometers mounted on a centrifugal pump were processed using time-domain and frequency-domain techniques. The results highlight clear signatures of imbalance and bearing wear, demonstrating the value of predictive maintenance based on vibration monitoring. As the result the amplitude–frequency spectrum demonstrates that the machine is primarily influenced by rotational imbalance, with minimal evidence of high-frequency faults.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI ENERGI PADA PROSES PENGERINGAN GABAH MENGGUNAKAN DRYER GRAINPRO 30T-HS DI PT KARUNIA TRINITAS AGRO Joniarta, I Wayan; Ananda Putra, Yoga Raditya; Wijana, Made; Wiratama, I Kade
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/h62cpf76

Abstract

Rice is a key food commodity that plays a strategic role in maintaining national food security. One of the important stages in post-harvest processing is grain drying, as excessive moisture content can reduce rice quality and accelerate deterioration during storage. This study aims to analyze energy efficiency in the grain drying process using the GrainPro 30T-HS dryer at PT Karunia Trinitas Agro. The research method was conducted through direct observation with measurements of grain moisture content, drying temperature, process duration, husk fuel consumption, and electricity usage. The results showed that grain moisture decreased from 25.1% to 12.5% with a total mass of 23,000 kg. The drying process was carried out at 60 °C for 17 hours, with husk consumption of 1,500 kg and electrical power of 19 HP. Based on the calculation, the energy efficiency of the dryer reached 34.65%, which is relatively higher compared to other studies on biomass-fired batch dryers. This finding highlights that utilizing rice husks as fuel is not only economical but also environmentally friendly, thus the GrainPro 30T-HS can be recommended as an efficient drying system for industrial-scale applications..
KAJIAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN DAN PENINGKATAN EKONOMI DARI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SEKAM PADI MELALUI CO-FIRING BIOMASSA Bawa Susana, I Gede; Wirya Aryadi, I Gusti Agung Ketut Chatur Adhi
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/n0qbf184

Abstract

Pemanfaatan limbah sekam padi sebagai sumber energi terbarukan memiliki potensi besar dalam mendukung ketahanan energi nasional sekaligus memberikan nilai tambah ekonomi bagi masyarakat. Indonesia dengan produksi padi mencapai 53,14 juta ton pada tahun 2024 memiliki potensi limbah sekam padi sebesar 10,63 juta ton. Dengan nilai kalor rata-rata 14 MJ/kg, potensi energi teoritis sekam padi mencapai 148,8×10⁹ MJ atau setara dengan 41,33 GWh per tahun. Pemanfaatan sekam padi sebagai bahan bakar campuran (co-firing) pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan bauran energi terbarukan dan pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca. Berdasarkan data PLN, program co-firing biomassa telah diterapkan di 46 PLTU hingga 2023 dengan penggunaan biomassa 1 juta ton dan penurunan emisi sekitar 1,05 juta ton CO₂e. Uji coba co-firing sekam padi di beberapa PLTU seperti Jeranjang, Paiton, dan Suralaya menunjukkan operasi yang stabil dengan efisiensi tinggi dan penurunan emisi SO₂ hingga 29,22%. Meskipun memiliki nilai kalor lebih rendah dibanding batubara dan kadar abu tinggi (hingga 20,67%), sekam padi tetap potensial digunakan hingga rasio 20–30% massa energi. Kandungan silika (SiO₂) yang mencapai 95,52% menimbulkan tantangan seperti slagging dan fouling, namun residu abu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan campuran semen atau silica powder. Pemanfaatan sekam padi melalui metode direct co-firing dinilai paling sesuai untuk PLTU di Indonesia karena murah dan mudah diterapkan tanpa modifikasi besar. Secara keseluruhan, co-firing sekam padi mampu mendukung transisi energi bersih, mengurangi ketergantungan pada batubara, meningkatkan ekonomi sirkular pedesaan, serta berkontribusi terhadap target Net Zero Emission 2060 di Indonesia.

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