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Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine (JOCHAPM)
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27758915     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776/10.21776/ub.jochapm.2023.
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
JOCHAPM is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal officially published twice a year in English by the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya. JOCHAPM focuses on community health, epidemiology, environmental health, and preventive health. However, the focus of the study can develop following the improvement of the journal.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 89 Documents
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ANALYSIS OF CHILDREN’S DENTAL STATUS AND PARENTAL BEHAVIOR IN UTILIZING DENTAL HEALTH SERVICES BASED ON SOCIODEMOGRAPHICS IN BATU CITY BATU CITY Merlya, Merlya; Hartami, Edina; Dewi, Candra
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): JOCHAPM Vol. 5 No. 2 2025
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jochapm.2025.005.02.2

Abstract

Dental caries affects over 2 billion children, with a global prevalence of 29%, according to WHO data. In Indonesia, high caries rates among school-aged children highlight the need for early detection tools that go beyond clinical symptoms and consider behavioral and environmental risk factors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the dental health status of children and parental behavior in utilizing children’s dental health services, with reference to sociodemographic characteristics in Batu City. A quantitative research design, descriptive and analytical approaches. Population were the total number of primary school students in Batu City was 15,243, and the number of parents was assumed to be equal.As sample comprised 299 students and their parents, proportionally distributed across the three districts. The prevalence of dental caries among primary school students is relatively high, aged 6–9 years, the DMFT index for permanent teeth showed considerable variation, with 17.3% (14 students) having DMFT of 12, and 11.1% (9 students) DMFT of 10, for primary teeth, the dmft index was also varied: 22.7% (5 students) scored 8, 18.2% (4 students) scored 3, and 13.6% (3 students) scored 6. Parental behavior regarding the utilization of dental health services in Batu City is generally limited to seeking treatment only when problems occur. Regular preventive visits are rare. School-based dental health programs are underutilized. Routine collective tooth-brushing activities were almost entirely absent in the surveyed schools in Batu City. Sociodemographic factors of parents—including educational attainment, age, and employment status—were found to influence both children’s dental health status and parental behavior in utilizing dental health services.
BEYOND TRADITIONAL RISK FACTORS : A REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Tjahjono, Cholid Tri; Arthamin, Maimun Zulhaidah; Prakosa, Ardani Galih; Insanitaqwa, Aleyda Zahratunany
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): JOCHAPM Vol. 5 No. 2 2025
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jochapm.2025.005.02.5

Abstract

  Traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk models frequently overlook environmental factors, despite increasing evidence that exposures such as air pollution, toxic chemicals, noise, and extreme temperatures markedly elevate CVD risk via common biological mechanisms. This review integrates contemporary evidence regarding the impact of environmental exposures on cardiovascular risk, exploring mechanistic insights, preventive strategies, and prospective research opportunities within the fields of environmental cardiology. We performed a narrative review of recent studies to assess environmental factors influencing cardiovascular health. Environmental exposures increases cardiovascular risk through oxidative stress, inflammation, autonomic imbalance, and endothelial dysfunction. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone, heavy metals, PFAS, noise pollution, and extreme temperatures are consistently linked to hypertension, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and stroke. People who work outside and older adults are more at risk than others. Urban redesign, monitoring of exposure, protective workplace interventions, and regulatory policies are all examples of preventive strategies. The exposome provides an effective framework for comprehensive exposure assessment. There are still big gaps in research, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This review underscore the imperative to underscore environmental risk factors in the prevention of CVD. Combining long-term research, data-driven policies, and personalized strategies is necessary to reduce the global burden of CVD and promote health equity.
IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL ON MATERNAL BEHAVIOR IN STUNTING PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN INDONESIA Estuti, Anak Agung Alit Kirti; Hastuti, Heni; Hartini, Ninik; Sulaeman, Endang Sutisna
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): JOCHAPM Vol. 5 No. 2 2025
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jochapm.2025.005.02.4

Abstract

Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia. According to the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI), stunting prevalence decreased from 27.7% (2019) to 19.8% (2024). Despite this progress, behavioral, sociocultural, and structural barriers continue to limit preventive efforts, particularly those related to maternal practices. This study aims to explore the implementation of health promotion by the Stunting Reduction Acceleration Team (TPPS) and how these efforts shape maternal behavior in stunting prevention, interpreted using the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework. A qualitative phenomenological design was applied to explore mothers’ subjective experiences, meaning-making, and perceptions. A total of 30 informants from five sub-districts in Surakarta City were selected purposively, consisting of health workers, cadres, village officials, and community members. Data were collected through in-depth interviews (March-August 2024) and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Three major themes emerged: Maternal perceptions regarding susceptibility and severity of stunting; Enabling and reinforcing factors influencing maternal preventive behaviors, including family support, digital health information, and government programs; and Perceived barriers related to economic constraints, poor knowledge, and misconceptions. The integration of TPPS activities, Posyandu services, and digital media strengthened cues to action and improved mothers' perceived benefits of prevention. The study highlights gaps in maternal understanding of stunting and identifies specific HBM components that influence preventive behavior. The findings provide new insight on how TPPS health promotion strategies can better target perceptions, barriers, and behavioral cues to improve maternal engagement in stunting prevention. Strengthening cross-sector collaboration and digital-based education is crucial for future intervention models.
THE COMPARISON OF THE INCIDENCE OF PAIN, SWELLING, AND JOINT STIFFNESS BASED ON AGE CATEGORY USING THE COPCORD CORE QUESTIONNAIRE SCREENING METHOD Gista Laila Hidayatul Rofiah; Wahono, Cesarius Singgih Wahono; Pratama, Mirza
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): JOCHAPM Vol. 5 No. 2 2025
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jochapm.2025.005.02.3

Abstract

Musculoskeletal complaints are one of the health problems with the highest incidence. These complaints include joint pain, swelling, and limited joint movement associated with the presence of a degenerative process. The degenerative process that results in decreased regeneration of individual cells is supported by several other factors, such as intensity of physical activity, history of underlying disease, body mass index (BMI), and others. This study aims to determine the differences in the incidence of musculoskeletal complaints: joint pain, joint stiffness, and joint swelling in various age categories classified by decade in the Malang City community. Methodology: Cross-sectional approach with multistage random sampling of the population of Kauman Village, Klojen District, Malang City, from June 2023 to August 2023, with interviews regarding complaints of joint pain, joint stiffness, and joint swelling suffered using a validated adaptation questionnaire from WHO-ILAR COPCORD; COPCORD Core Questionnaire. The results of the study found that 32.14% of subjects aged 18-30 years, 14.29% of subjects aged 31-40 years, 19.64% of subjects aged 41-50 years, 16.43% of subjects aged 51-60 years, 10.71% of subjects aged 61-70 years, 6,79% of subjects aged 71-90 years. The results of the analysis using the Binary Logistic Regression Test showed that musculoskeletal complaints were sequentially compared with the age of 31-40 years with the greatest incidence at the age of 61-70 years (p = <0.001), then the age of 71-90 years (p = 0.001), age 51-60 years (p = 0.024), age 41-50 years (p = 0.235), age 18-30 years (p = 0.019) with negative association of odd ratio. Likewise, the incidence of joint pain was compared sequentially with the age of 31-40 years with the greatest incidence at the age of 61-70 years (p = <0.001), then the age of 71-90 years (p = 0.002), the age of 51-60 years (p = 0.024), the age of 41-50 years (p = 0.235) and the age of 18-30 years (p = 0.042) with negative association of odd ratio. Then the sequential swelling incidences were compared with the age of 31-40 years, with the greatest incidence at the age of 71-90 years (p = 0.022), then the age of 41-50 years (p = 0.409) and the age of 61-70 years (p = 0.418). And the last, the sequential joint stiffness incidences were compared with the age of 31-40 years with the greatest incidence at the age of 71-90 years (p = <0.001), then the age of 61-70 years (p = 0.006), the age of 51-60 years (p = 0.254) and the age of 41-50 years (p = 0.372). Conclusion: Differences in age categories lead to differences in the incidence of musculoskeletal complaints, particularly joint pain. Joint stiffness and swelling are more common in elderly age groups.
OXYGEN SATURATION AND POSTPARTUM OUTCOMES IN MOTHERS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AT RSSA, MALANG Cahyaningtyas, Rara Arisya; Swastika Putri , Valerinna Yogibuana; Agung Indrawan, I Wayan
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): JOCHAPM Vol. 6 No. 1 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is a structural abnormality of the heart, such as abnormalities in the heart valves, failure to close the embryological hole in the heart, and other forms of congenital heart defects. Pregnancy with CHD requires special intervention from a multidisciplinary team. This is because pregnancy with CHD can cause many complications and increase the risk of maternal and neonatal death. Maternal oxygen saturation greatly affects the development of the fetus she is carrying and has an impact on maternal complications after delivery. To discuss the relationship between oxygen saturation and maternal complications after delivery and neonatal complications in Saiful Anwar General Hospital. This analytical observational study uses a comparative chi-square test and a multivariate logistic regression test conducted on 25 maternal and 21 neonatal data. The research data came from medical records at Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang. The study's results showed no significant relationship between maternal oxygen saturation and maternal complications (p-value>0.05). Meanwhile, the relationship between maternal oxygen saturation and neonatal clinical outcomes showed significant results in the variable of body weight (p-value=0.001, RR=7.50), but other variables were not significant (p-value> 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression test results showed that the parameters possibly related to maternal complications were primigravida (p-value>0.05). This study concludes that maternal oxygen saturation is unrelated to maternal complications after delivery, and neonatal clinical outcomes are only significantly related to the body weight variable. 
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND ST- SEGMENT PATTERNS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AT KARSA HUSADA HOSPITAL INDONESIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY Riskiyah , Riskiyah; Rachmawati, Ermin; Tarsadi, Tarsadi; Ahdi, Iwal Reza; Saputra, Indra Wahyu; Maulana, Syafiq
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): JOCHAPM Vol. 6 No. 1 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Interpreting severity of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) through an electrocardiogram (ECG) requires a high level of expertise. However, the limited number of medical personnel skilled in ECG interpretation in primary healthcare facilities in Indonesia often leads to delays in determining the initial treatment. Furthermore, fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in ACS patients tend to be elevated and are associated with various ST-segment changes on the ECG, which are thought to play a significant role in determining the severity of ACS. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between FBG levels and the types of ST-segment patterns in patients with ACS. This study used an analytical observational research design. Data were obtained from patient medical records collected between January and June 2025. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula, yielding a total of 100 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Eligible participants were patients diagnosed with ACS, aged 18 years or older, and possessing complete medical records that included ECG data interpreted by a cardiologist and laboratory results containing FBG levels. Blood samples and ECG recordings were collected in the morning at the Cardiovascular Care Unit. Relationships between variables were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods, specifically the Chi-square test and the contingency coefficient. Most participants were male (64%) and aged 46–65 years (59%). The majority exhibited elevated FBG levels (71%) accompanied by ECG findings of ST-segment depression (44%). A significant relationship was found between FBG levels and the type of ST-segment pattern (p = 0.02, < 0.05), although the strength of the association was weak (Cramer’s V = 0.241). FBG levels are significantly associated with ST-segment patterns in patients with ACS and may serve as an early indicator for assessing the severity of myocardial ischemia.   KEYWORDS: acute coronary syndrome; electrocardiogram;  fasting blood glucose.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PRESIDENTIAL REGULATION NO. 72/2021 ON STUNTING REDUCTION: A STRUCTURED COMPARATIVE NARRATIVE REVIEW WITH SYSTEMATIC SEARCH PROCEDURES OF FOUR INDONESIAN REGIONS Hanafi, Imam; Trisulandari, Kartika
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): JOCHAPM Vol. 6 No. 1 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Stunting remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, reflecting chronic undernutrition and unequal access to health and nutrition services. This study examined the implementation of Presidential Regulation No. 72 of 2021 through a structured comparative narrative review with systematic searches of peer-reviewed literature from 2019 to 2023, focusing on Bandung Regency, Jember Regency, Batam City, and Padang City. Data synthesis compared intervention models, implementation strategies, measurable outcomes, and contextual influences. Results varied by region. Jember achieved a marked decline in stunting, from about 37.94% in 2020 to 11.74% by the end of 2021, supported by a formally mandated multi‑sectoral coordination body (TPPS). Batam reported falling prevalence from 7.2% (2020) to 2.4% (2022) after adopting an integrated convergence policy across seven agencies. Bandung implemented a 1,000 HPK inter‑agency framework but saw no measurable reduction during the study period, largely due to COVID‑19 disruptions. Padang showed incomplete cross-sectoral integration and an increasing trend (7.65% in 2018 to 9.6% in 2019). Where gains were documented, regions tended to share three features: a formal legal mandate, a dedicated budget line, and a structured coordination mechanism. That said, the non-experimental design of all four source studies means we cannot attribute observed prevalence changes to specific policy choices.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CAMBRA AND MINDTAIN MOBILE APPLICATIONS IN ASSESSING RISK OF PERMANENT DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN AGED 6-12 YEARS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AT MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH MA’ARIF 1 AND 2 SUKUN, MALANG CITY Balbeid, Merlya; Sabrina, Qonithah Nur; Hartami, Edina; Priyanto, Rahmavidyanti
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): JOCHAPM Vol. 6 No. 1 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Caries risk assessment in permanent teeth is an important preventive strategy for controlling and managing dental cases in children. CAMBRA is an individual-based method for assessing caries risk, while the MinDTain Mobile App is a digital tool that applies a multilevel approach by considering individual, family, and school environmental factors. This study aims to determine the differences between CAMBRA and the MinDTain Mobile Application in assessing the risk of permanent dental caries in children aged 6–12 years at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ma’arif 1 and 2 Sukun, Malang City. This study used a quantitative analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Subjects were selected using the total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured interviews and intraoral clinical examinations using the CAMBRA form and the MinDTain Mobile App. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed a p-value <0.05 in both age groups [6–9 years and 10–12 years], indicating a statistically significant difference in caries risk assessment between the two methods. In conclusion, there is a significant difference in the caries risk assessment results between CAMBRA and the MinDTain Mobile App in children aged 6–12 years.
BEYOND LECTURES: COMPARING FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION AND ROLE-PLAY METHODS FOR INDONESIAN SUBURBAN STUNTING EDUCATION Febrian, Alfito Faishal; Fahreizy, Abdillah Zidan; Azizah, Maghfira Rahma; Asmara, Prita Amira Windy; Jihan, Farhanaz; Dewi, Lula Kamila; Zahra, Shafira Aulia; Ratri, Devita Rahmani; Dhuha, Nur Syamsu
Journal of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): JOCHAPM Vol. 6 No. 1 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Stunting remains a major global health problem affecting millions of children. Although Indonesia’s national stunting prevalence is declining, the rate in Singosari Sub-district increased to 3.5% in 2024, with Candirenggo Village consistently experiencing a high burden despite easy access to nearby markets. This highlights the need to improve caregivers’ knowledge of healthy nutrition and parenting practices. This quasi-experimental study compared the effectiveness of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and role-playing, following a standard lecture, in improving caregivers’ stunting knowledge. During the pre-intervention phase, 38 caregivers completed questionnaires exploring determinants of stunting; 20 proceeded to the intervention phase, received the lecture, and were equally assigned to FGD or role-playing groups. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that both methods significantly improved 20 caregivers’ knowledge (mean improvement: 20.00 ± 17.17; p < 0.001), with no significant difference between the FGD and role-playing groups (16.00 ± 19.55 vs. 24.00 ± 14.30; p = 0.310). Both methods are effective educational strategies for improving short-term caregiver knowledge of stunting.

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