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DIKTUM: JURNAL SYARIAH DAN HUKUM
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare
ISSN : 16931777     EISSN : 25488414     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35905/diktum
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Family in Law, Islamic Law, Islamic Jurisprudence Studies, Islamic Economy Law, Islamic Political Jurisprudence, Islamic Comparative Law and Islamic Astronomy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 301 Documents
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Unregistered Divorce Practices in Rural Indonesian Muslim Communities: Legal and Cultural Dimensions Diningrum, Aulia; Efendi, Rahmad
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol 24 No 1 (2026): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (Inpress)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v24i1.14747

Abstract

Background: Unregistered divorce is carried out without going through the official procedure at the Religious Court, making it unrecognized under state law despite being valid according to Islamic law. This situation creates various legal issues, particularly regarding the legitimacy of registering children with the Civil Registry and Population Administration Office after such a divorce. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the interplay between legal norms and cultural practices in unregistered divorce highlighting how these practices affect the legal identity of children and exploring their implications within both Islamic legal thought and anthropological perspectives. Methods: This study employs an empirical juridical approach using field research methods. Primary data were obtained through interviews with community leaders, religious figures, and residents who engaged in unregistered divorces. Meanwhile, secondary data were collected from legal literature, statutory regulations, and other scholarly references. The analysis was conducted qualitatively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Findings: The study reveals that unregistered divorce is often legitimized by cultural consensus and religious approval at the local level, despite its non-compliance with formal legal procedures. Such practices contribute to the exclusion of children from official civil registration, limiting their access to legal rights. The findings indicate that religious authority and local customs operate as parallel legal systems, occasionally challenging the state’s regulatory framework. Theoretical and Practical Implications: The research enriches anthropological approaches to Islamic jurisprudence by illustrating how fiqh adapts and transforms in localized contexts. Practically, it suggests the need for culturally sensitive legal reforms and community-based legal literacy programs to bridge the gap between state law and community practices. Originality/Novelty: This study is among the first to integrate an anthropological reading of fiqh with empirical legal research on unregistered divorce in Indonesia, offering a nuanced understanding of how local Muslim communities reconcile religious norms with socio-legal realities.
Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Corruption and Bribery: Sharia-Based Approaches to Anti-Corruption Law Subari, Andi Akbar; Faisal, Achmad; Suprapto
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol 24 No 1 (2026): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (Inpress)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v24i1.14926

Abstract

Background: Corruption and bribery are persistent global problems that undermine governance, economic growth, and societal trust. While numerous legal frameworks have been developed to address these issues, their effectiveness is often influenced by cultural, religious, and institutional contexts. In Muslim-majority countries, Sharia-based legal principles provide a distinctive ethical and normative foundation for combating corruption. Purpose: This study aims to examine cross-cultural variations in anti-corruption laws with a specific focus on the contributions of Sharia-based frameworks to ethical governance, transparency, and accountability. Methods: Employing a comparative legal analysis, the research reviews anti-corruption legislation, international conventions, and Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) on integrity and public trust. Data are drawn from legal texts, case studies, and policy reports across multiple jurisdictions to evaluate enforcement mechanisms, preventive strategies, and public awareness campaigns. Findings: Employing a comparative legal analysis, the research reviews anti-corruption legislation, international conventions, and Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) on integrity and public trust. Data are drawn from legal texts, case studies, and policy reports across multiple jurisdictions to evaluate enforcement mechanisms, preventive strategies, and public awareness campaigns. Theoretical and Practical Implications: The study contributes to legal anthropology and Islamic jurisprudence by framing anti-corruption laws within culturally rooted governance models. Practically, it offers policymakers strategies for integrating ethical-religious norms into legal reforms to improve transparency, strengthen institutions, and foster public trust. Originality/Novelty: systematically compare Sharia-based anti-corruption models with secular approaches through a cross-cultural lens, highlighting the role of religious-ethical frameworks as complementary tools to global legal standards
Rethinking the Criminal Responsibility of Minors: A Comparative and Interdisciplinary Analysis Ismanto; Suprapto; Nurunnisa
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol 24 No 1 (2026): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (Inpress)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v24i1.14927

Abstract

Background: The criminal responsibility of minors remains a pressing issue in contemporary legal studies because it lies at the intersection of justice, child protection, and societal security. Purpose: The aim of this paper is to critically analyze the legal and conceptual foundations of juvenile criminal responsibility, with particular attention to international human rights standards and comparative practices across jurisdictions. Methods: the study adopts a doctrinal and critical comparative approach, examining statutory frameworks, judicial interpretations, and scholarly debates while integrating insights from developmental psychology. Findings: The results reveal substantial inconsistencies in the age of criminal responsibility, limited compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, and inadequate consideration of psychological maturity in determining culpability. Theoretical and Practical Implications: the study contributes to debates on the relationship between law, developmental science, and human rights in shaping juvenile justice frameworks. Practically, the findings underscore the need for policies that integrate restorative justice principles, prioritize rehabilitation over punitive measures, and harmonize domestic laws with international standards. Originality/Novelty: The originality of this research lies in its interdisciplinary critique that combines legal analysis, psychological insights, and human rights frameworks to propose an evidence-based recalibration of juvenile criminal responsibility .
Justice Beyond Legal Religious Formalism: Moral Perspectives in Law Enforcement Practices Yani, Akhmad; Mispansyah; Ahmad Syaufi
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v23i1.14929

Abstract

Background: The relationship between law, justice, and morality remains central in legal philosophy, yet much of the discourse remains normative and detached from real-world enforcement . Purpose: This study aims to empirically examine how moral frameworks influence the practice of law enforcement, particularly within contexts shaped by Islamic jurisprudence and local socio-cultural norms.. Methods: The research draws on semi-structured interviews with law enforcement officers, analysis of court cases, and ethnographic observation in Indonesian legal settings . Findings: Findings reveal that moral considerations rooted in religious values and communal ethics significantly shape interpretations and enforcement decisions, often mediating tensions between codified state law and local moral expectations. The evidence also shows that while positivist approaches dominate formal structures, natural law reasoning and socio-cultural ethics remain influential in practice. Theoretical and Practical Implications: The study bridges philosophy of law with empirical socio-legal research, offering insights into how morality operates as a determinant in justice delivery and conflict resolution. Originality/Novelty: This research contributes by integrating anthropological fiqh with legal philosophy, providing a culturally grounded and empirically validated framework for understanding morality in law enforcement
Justice, Institutions, and Society: Cross-Cultural Analysis of Prosecution Systems Pamungkas, Agung; Faishal, Achmad; Tornado, Anang Shophan
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2025): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v23i2.14930

Abstract

Background: Comparative scholarship on prosecution systems often emphasizes structural and procedural distinctions between adversarial, inquisitorial, and mixed models, yet it rarely engages with how prosecutorial practices are shaped by socio-cultural norms and moral frameworks in real-world contexts . Purpose: This study aims to critically examine international prosecution models through an anthropological fiqh lens, analyzing how prosecutorial discretion, independence, and accountability are influenced not only by institutional design but also by religious values, local ‘urf, and communal ethics. Methods: The research employs a comparative socio-legal methodology that combines document analysis, semi-structured interviews with prosecutors and legal practitioners, and ethnographic observation in selected jurisdictions, including both civil law and common law traditions, as well as Muslim-majority legal systems. Findings: Results indicate that while formal structures prioritize legal certainty and efficiency, prosecutorial decision-making is frequently mediated by moral considerations and socio-cultural legitimacy. These dynamics generate significant variations in outcomes across jurisdictions, particularly in cases involving restorative justice, diversion, or sensitive moral offenses . Theoretical and Practical Implications: the study bridges legal philosophy with empirical practice, offering new insights into how prosecution systems can balance codified law with communal notions of justice. The findings also provide practical guidance for legal reforms aimed at enhancing prosecutorial transparency and fairness. Originality/Novelty: This research advances comparative prosecution studies by integrating anthropological fiqh into empirical analysis, producing a culturally grounded framework that reconceptualizes prosecutorial discretion within global criminal justice systems
Sociological Juridical Review Regarding The Protection of Children's Rights as Witnesses in Criminal Acts of Abuse Committed by Children at the Investigation Stage Nur Rokhman, Afif; Anoraga, Surya; Setiamandani, Emei Dwinanarhati
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol 22 No 2 (2024): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v22i2.15077

Abstract

Abstract Background: Witnesses are a form of evidence that is valid according to law because it is used to reveal a fact. The witness's statement can be extracted by the investigator, namely at the investigation stage. If the witness is a child, their rights are protected as regulated in Law No. 23 of 2006 concerning Child Protection. Purpose: This research aims to find out how children's rights are protected, the obstacles to providing protection, and efforts to overcome barriers to delivering protection rights for children as witnesses due to the crime of sexual abuse committed by children at the investigation stage in the jurisdiction of the Kepanjen Resort Police. Methods: This research uses a sociological juridical approach, data collection techniques in the form of interviews with investigators, and direct observation at the PPA Unit of the Kepanjen Police and Children who have been witnesses as a place for collecting primary data to carry out document studies in the form of official documents, reports and regulations used. Findings: The results reveal substantial inconsistencies in the age of criminal responsibility, limited compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, and inadequate consideration of psychological maturity in determining culpability. Theoretical and Practical Implications: Research results show that in investigations of child abuse cases, children as witnesses have received guaranteed rights under the law . Originality/Novelty: The obstacles faced are classified as internal and external obstacles. So that in the future, PPA will tighten supervision and establish better cooperation with the government .
Negotiating Haqq al-Ibtikar and State Patent Law: A Socio-Legal Study of Maslahah and Intellectual Property among Indonesian Muslim SMEs lilis, lilis diah sugiarti; Hidayat, Agi Attaubah; Anwari, Amalia Nur; Zulvia, Ransya Ayu; Kholid, Muhamad
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v24i2.14622

Abstract

Background: Indonesia’s 64 million SMEs drive 61% of national GDP yet face critical barriers in patent protection due to costly procedures, legal complexity, and low IP literacy. Purpose: This study analyzes systemic gaps in Indonesia’s patent law (Law No. 13/2016) hindering SME innovation and proposes inclusive legal reforms. Methods: A normative juridical approach examines statutory frameworks, case studies, and secondary data from academic literature (2017–2025) Results: Key findings reveal: (1) High patent registration costs (up to IDR 20.9 million) exclude 87% of SMEs; (2) First-to-file systems disadvantage grassroots innovators; (3) Enforcement remains inaccessible due to lengthy litigation (avg. 30 months) and minimal ADR mechanisms. Implication: Structural reforms are urged: specialized IP courts, tiered fee subsidies, and SME-tailored simple patents. Indonesia’s model could inform Global South patent policies. Originality: This research introduces the inclusive patent framework—integrating open licensing, communal IP rights, and university-SME collaboration—as a novel juridical paradigm for equitable innovation.
Beyond Criminality: Socio-Legal Dimensions and Fiqh Perspectives on Adulterated Rice Trading Practices in Contemporary Palangka Raya nababan, jessica; Suriani, Rollys; F. Dewi, Yurika
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v24i2.15433

Abstract

This research examines the implementation of Article 378 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) in handling cases of fraud in adulterated rice trading in Palangka Raya City using an empirical juridical research method. The study aims to analyze the application of criminal fraud provisions to adulterated rice trading practices and to identify the obstacles faced by law enforcement authorities in its implementation. The empirical juridical method is employed by combining a normative approach to Article 378 of the Criminal Code with field research through the collection of case data that occurred in Palangka Raya. The research findings indicate that, normatively, Article 378 of the Criminal Code is highly relevant to be applied in cases of adulterated rice, as it fulfills all elements of fraud, namely the intention to unlawfully benefit oneself, the use of deception through fake packaging and labels, and inducing consumers to hand over their money. However, empirically, implementation in Palangka Raya City faces significant obstacles, including difficulties in proving the element of intent on the part of the perpetrator, low public participation in reporting, weak inter‑agency coordination, limited resources, and an ever‑evolving modus operandi. Law enforcement authorities often prefer to use the Consumer Protection Law and the Food Law, which impose heavier sanctions. The research concludes that effective law enforcement requires the improvement of technology‑based supervision systems, strengthening coordination through special task forces, enhancing the capacity of law enforcement officers, building easily accessible reporting infrastructure, and harmonizing regulations between general criminal law and special laws in order to protect consumers from fraudulent practices in adulterated rice trading.
Urgensi Penyesuaian Ketentuan Pidana Pada Undang-Undang Di Luar KUHP 2023 Dalam RUU Penyesuaian Pidana Syafrina, Henin Dyah; Naura Tsurayya Hasnaa; Slamet Sudi Illahi; Bintang Pramadhani Hariadi Putra
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v24i2.15779

Abstract

Background: The enactment of the 2023 Indonesian Criminal Code has restructured the national penal system through a unified sentencing framework grounded in rehabilitative and restorative principles. However, the persistence of criminal provisions in numerous sectoral statutes creates normative fragmentation and structural disharmony within Indonesia's criminal law system. Aims: This article examines the phenomena of fragmentation and localization of criminal norms in the post-KUHP 2023 era through a fiqh anthropological perspective. Methodology: Using normative and conceptual legal approaches enriched by legal anthropology analysis, this study argues that the harmonization process embodied in the Sentencing Adjustment Bill is not merely a technical legislative alignment but represents a deeper negotiation between codified national norms and socio-cultural legal consciousness. Results: The abolition of mandatory minimum penalties and the realignment of fine categories illustrate the transition from rigid positivism toward contextualized penal policy. Implication: From a fiqh anthropological standpoint, harmonization must integrate principles of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, 'urf, and substantive justice to prevent disconnection between state law and lived legal realities. Therefore, the transformation of criminal provisions outside the Criminal Code is not only a structural reform but also an epistemological shift in Indonesia's criminal legislative policy.
Istri Pemberi Nafkah Utama dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 Perkawinan Perspektif Maqāshid al-shari’ah Jasser Auda Pangestu, Pujo; Asmawi; Ahmad Muhtadi Anshor
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v24i2.15419

Abstract

Background: In contemporary society, professional women are present in every field, from educators to heads of state. Consequently, the phenomenon of the wife becoming the main breadwinner within the family context is increasingly common. However, existing regulations, a prevailing patriarchal culture, and non-comprehensive religious interpretations often act as barriers. It is therefore crucial to re-examine the wife's role as the primary provider within the current legal framework. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the position of the wife as the main breadwinner within the legal framework of Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage, and to connect it with the objectives of Jasser Auda Maqashid al-Shari’ah, which emphasize justice, welfare, and the sustainability of the family in an increasingly dynamic society. Methods: The research method employed is a literature review using a qualitative and normative approach. Data are collected from legal sources (Law No. 1/1974), scientific literature, and Jasser Auda’s Maqashid al-Shari’ah perspective. The data are then analyzed to identify the relevance and applicability of these principles within the context of dynamic gender roles. Results: The findings indicate that the wife's role as the main breadwinner can be legally recognized and has positive implications for family welfare. The discussion highlights the importance of revising the understanding of gender norms within marriage law. Implication: It is recommended that there is a need for policy support aligned with Maqashid al-Shari’ah to revise gender norm understandings, thereby creating a more just and balanced environment for all family members, and ensuring the law does not discriminate against women Originality: This study offers a new jurisprudential perspective that critically integrates Jasser Auda’s Maqashid al-Shari’ah framework to reinterpret the wife's role as the main breadwinner within Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974 which currently poses potential barriers

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