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Priviet Social Sciences Journal
Published by PRIVIETLAB
ISSN : 2798866X     EISSN : 27986314     DOI : 10.55942/pssj
Core Subject : Economy, Education, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
PSSJ: Priviet Social Sciences Journal is an open access, monthly peer-reviewed international journal published by PRIVIETLAB. It provides an avenue to academicians, researchers, managers and others to publish their research work that contributes to the knowledge and theory of Social Sciences. PSSJ is published twelve a year. Publisher of Open Access Journals & Books designed to make it easy for worldwide researchers to discover leading-edge scientific research. Working closely with the global scientific community has been at the heart of our book and journal publishing activity. With a portfolio including journals, books, conference proceedings, we focus on Social Sciences and many more. PRIVIETLAB also publishes on behalf of other scientific organizations and represents their needs and those of their members. With worldwide impact, we support researchers, librarians and societies in their endeavours. PRIVIETLAB is an international center for supporting distinguished researchers, teachers, scholars and students who are researching various areas of Business, Science, and Technology. PRIVIETLAB wishes to provide good chances for academic and industry professionals to discuss recent progress in various areas of Business, Science, and Technology. PRIVIETLAB organizes many international conferences, symposia and workshops every year, and provides sponsor or technical support to researchers who wish to organize their own conferences and workshops.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,187 Documents
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Determinants of Credit Disbursement in Small Indonesian Commercial Banks: An ARDL Cointegration Analysis Safri Adriansyah; Farah Wulandari Pangestuty
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i5.1879

Abstract

This study investigates the determinants of credit disbursement in small commercial banks in Indonesia, highlighting their essential role in economic growth. It focuses on banks with core capital below IDR 6 trillion and examines key variables such as credit interest rates, inflation, exchange rates, and shadow banking. Despite theoretical expectations of proportional credit growth across banks, a paradox emerges: while large banks show an upward trend in credit disbursement, small banks face stagnation or decline. Unlike previous research, this study incorporates shadow banking as a determinant, offering a more comprehensive perspective on the macroeconomic, microeconomic, and institutional factors influencing credit distribution. To analyze these relationships, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, which captures both short- and long-term effects while addressing variations in data stationarity. The findings reveal that most variables significantly impact long-term credit disbursement, whereas short-term effects differ across variables. This underscores the complex operational landscape of small banks. Notably, shadow banking exerts a substantial influence in both the short and long run, further shaping credit dynamics. Based on these insights, the study recommends that small banks diversify their services and strengthen strategic collaborations to enhance credit accessibility and financial stability.
Normative analysis of the legal construction of minimum foreign direct investment requirements under Government Regulation No. 28 of 2025 Septira Putri Mulyana; Febrihadi Suparidho
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i6.1136

Abstract

Government Regulation No. 28 of 2025 on Risk-Based Business Licensing reinforces the regulatory framework concerning minimum investment thresholds for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with the aim of enhancing investment quality and restructuring the national economic landscape. The minimum investment requirement stipulated in Article 212 paragraph (2) raises several normative issues related to its consistency with the fundamental principles of investment law, legal certainty, and the regulatory objectives of the risk-based licensing reform. This study seeks to examine the legal construction of the minimum investment requirement for FDI in Government Regulation No. 28 of 2025 and to assess its conformity with Indonesia’s investment law principles. This research employs a normative legal method, using statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were analyzed qualitatively through legal interpretation and principles-based analysis. The findings indicate that the minimum investment requirement possesses a ratio legis as a mechanism for selecting qualified foreign investors; however, it still presents ambiguities in relation to the principles of non-discrimination and proportionality within investment law. These results underscore the need for normative harmonization and the development of clearer implementing guidelines to strengthen legal certainty for business actors.
Perceptions of UIN Syahada Padangsidimpuan Students as Prospective Human Resources on the Implementation of Green Human Resource Management in Promoting a Green Economy in Islamic Institutions Indah Permatasari Siregar; Asvika Rani Hutabarat; Nabilla Mei Saskia Putri Tanjung
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i6.1230

Abstract

Islamic institutions play an important role in establishing a balance between economic growth and environmental preservation in accordance with Islamic principles. This study aims to determine the perceptions of students at UIN Syahada Padangsidimpuan as future human resources regarding the implementation of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) in promoting a green economy in Islamic institutions. GHRM is seen as a human resource management strategy oriented towards sustainability and Islamic values. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques conducted through an open questionnaire distributed to 59 students. The data were analyzed through the stages of reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that students have a positive perception of the application of GHRM as a form of moral and spiritual responsibility in protecting the environment. Islamic values such as trustworthiness, cleanliness, and responsibility as khalifah fil ardh are considered relevant in supporting green management practices. However, the implementation of GHRM in Islamic institutions still faces challenges in the form of limited policies and environmental awareness, but has great potential to be developed as a basis for strengthening a sustainable green economy.
Toward a sustainable post-pandemic growth Ivan Sudibyo
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i6.1243

Abstract

This study investigates the long-run relationship between Research and Development (R&D) expenditure, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows, financial market capitalization, population, and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions across five ASEAN economies–Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam–over 2000–2023. Building on the Paramati et al. (2021) framework rooted in the Impact, Population, Affluence, Technology (IPAT) theory of Ehrlich and Holdren (1971), the study applies Pedroni's panel cointegration test, the Pesaran (2007) CIPS unit-root test to address cross-sectional dependence, and Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) estimation at both the panel and country-level. Results show that (i) population is the most consistently significant driver of CO2 emissions across all five economies, (ii) R&D expenditure carries a negative but statistically insignificant coefficient, a result consistent with the region's structurally low R&D-to-Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ratios and lagged green-technology effects (Yang et al., 2025; Mehmood et al., 2022), and (iii) FDI and financial-market effects are heterogeneous, supporting a Malaysia-Singapore green-finance interpretation alongside pollution-haven dynamics elsewhere. The findings highlight the need for ASEAN policymakers to scale R&D intensity, channel financial market deepening toward green sectors, and integrate demographic-driven emission pressures into national climate plans.
Consumer protection in paid crypto training services analysis is based on positive law and Islamic law Febryan Hidayat; Muttorik Alil Abasir
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i6.1334

Abstract

The rapid growth of cryptocurrency investment in Indonesia has encouraged the emergence of paid crypto-training services offering investment education and trading guidance. However, concerns arise regarding misleading promotions, inadequate risk disclosure, and the promotion of speculative trading practices that may harm consumers. While previous studies have focused on cryptocurrency regulation and investor protection, limited attention has been given to consumer protection in paid crypto training services from the perspectives of Indonesian positive law and Islamic law. This study aims to analyze consumer protection issues in such services and develop an integrated consumer protection framework. Using normative legal research with statute, conceptual, and comparative approaches, the study examines relevant Indonesian laws and Islamic legal principles. The findings show that misleading advertising, insufficient risk disclosure, and speculative trading signals are the main consumer protection concerns. Both legal systems emphasize transparency, truthful information, accountability, and the prevention of harm. The main contribution of this study is an integrated consumer protection framework consisting of five pillars: transparency, accurate information, risk disclosure, accountability, and prevention of harm. The framework contributes to strengthening consumer protection in digital financial education services.
The value of religious tolerance and controversy in the film “Tanda Tanya (?)”: Peirce’s semiotics Kunti Zahrotun Alfi; Anik Mariyani
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i6.1437

Abstract

The development of the times has brought changes in people's mindsets and perspectives, including the interpretation of religious tolerance and controversy in pluralistic Indonesia. This change is supported by various media as part of technological development. Movies are one such medium. Film, as a visual communication medium, functions not only as entertainment but also as a means of conveying social and cultural values through a signal/sign system. This study aims to describe the sign system that represents the value of religious tolerance and controversy in the film ‘Tanda Tanya (?)’ by Hanung Bramantyo. This study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of documentation, namely, repeated monitoring to understand the context thoroughly. Data in the form of film scenes were analyzed using Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory, which includes icons, indexes, and symbols. The results showed that there were 11 scenes that represented the value of religious tolerance and controversy. Based on this data, each data point represents a system of three sign systems that specifically find 17 symbols, 16 indexes, and 13 icons. The dominant data found was a system of symbolic signs in the form of certain words, actions, colors, and goods that represent the value of religious tolerance and its controversy. This means that symbols with conventional properties in society are an effective means of instilling these values in the flow of the film.
Understanding the dual structure of job stress challenge stress and hindrance stress among Gen Z workers Ignacia Callista; Zamralita Zamralita; Ismoro Reza Prima Putra
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i5.1485

Abstract

Work-related stress has become a salient issue among Gen Z employees as they enter contemporary workplaces characterized by rapid changes, intensified performance demands, and continuous evaluations. Traditional approaches to occupational stress often conceptualize stress as uniformly negative, overlooking qualitative differences in how job demands are appraised. Drawing on the challenge-hindrance stress framework, this study aimed to provide a descriptive and exploratory overview of challenge and hindrance stress among Gen Z workers in Indonesia. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, involving 205 Gen Z employees from various organizational sectors. Data were collected through a self-administered online survey using the Challenge and Hindrance Self-Reported Stress Scale developed by Cavanaugh et al. Reliability analysis demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alphas of .806 and .721 for challenge and hindrance stress, respectively. The descriptive statistical analysis revealed that challenge stress had a higher mean score (M = 3.47, SD = 0.62), indicating a moderate to high level, whereas hindrance stress showed a lower mean score (M = 2.89, SD = 0.68), reflecting a low to moderate level. These findings suggest that Gen Z employees tend to appraise work-related demands more frequently as challenges that promote learning and growth rather than obstacles that hinder performance. Nonparametric difference testing further indicated that stress perceptions were largely homogeneous across most demographic variables, with education level emerging as the only factor significantly associated with stress. The findings support the relevance of the challenge-hindrance stress framework in understanding Gen Z’s work stress experiences and highlight the importance of promoting challenge stress while minimizing hindrance stress to foster sustainable performance and psychological well-being among young employees.
Digital well-being among Generation Z employees in Indonesia Margaretha Sabda Djaja; Zamralita Zamralita; Ismoro Reza Prima Putra
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i5.1486

Abstract

Digital transformation has intensified the use of digital technologies in the workplace, raising concerns about employee well-being, particularly among Generation Z employees who are highly familiar with these technologies. This study aims to examine the level of digital well-being among Generation Z employees in digitalized work environments and investigate differences based on the duration of digital technology use. A quantitative, non-experimental survey design was employed. The participants consisted of 237 Generation Z employees in Indonesia aged 18-27 years, with a minimum of one year of work experience. The results indicated that the data were normally distributed and revealed significant differences in digital well-being levels based on the duration of digital technology use. Employees who reported longer durations of digital technology use tended to experience higher digital well-being. In contrast, demographic characteristics such as gender, educational level, work experience, and job position did not show significant differences in terms of digital well-being. These findings suggest that digital well-being is more strongly influenced by the patterns and duration of technology use than by demographic factors. This study concludes that the duration of digital technology use plays an important role in shaping the digital well-being of Generation Z employees. When managed adaptively and in a balanced manner, intensive technology use can support employees’ psychological and emotional well-being. Therefore, organizations and employees should promote healthy digital practices to sustain digital well-being in the digital work era.
The relationship between job resources and core self-evaluations and work engagement among Generation Z employees in Indonesia Nadya Isfahany Pasya; Zamralita Zamralita; Ismoro Reza Prima Prima
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i5.1516

Abstract

Work Engagement (WE) is a crucial indicator of employee motivation, psychological health, and productivity. In Generation Z, engagement levels are often influenced by dynamic work conditions and the need for greater organizational support. Previous research indicates that WE is related to external factors, such as job resources, and internal factors, such as personal resources, including Core Self-Evaluations (CSE). Job resources encompass job elements that help individuals achieve goals and reduce job demands, whereas CSE reflects an individual's positive self-evaluation of their abilities, control, and emotional stability. Although both variables have been extensively researched, a deeper understanding of how they relate to WE among Generation Z employees in Indonesia is required. This study aimed to examine the relationship between job resources, CSE, and WE among Generation Z employees. This study used a quantitative correlational approach. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling, with the criterion being that they were Generation Z employees actively working in Indonesia. Data collection was conducted through an online survey using the Job Resources Scale, developed based on the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) framework and the Core Self-Evaluations Scale (CSES) by Judge et al. (2003), and the Utrecht WE Scale (UWES-9) by Schaufeli et al. (2002). All measurement instruments had good internal consistency (α > 0.700). The number of participants in this study was 214. The results showed that job resources have a positive and significant relationship with WE, meaning that the higher the support and resources employees perceive, the higher their WE. Furthermore, CSE also showed a positive and significant relationship with WE, although the strength of this relationship was lower than that of job resources. These findings align with Hobfoll’s (2001) Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, which emphasizes the importance of external and internal resources in shaping WE. This study is expected to provide new insights for organizations in designing strategies to strengthen work resources and develop personal resources to increase WE among Generation Z employees.
Interpretation of gender-responsive law in realizing substantive justice for women: A feminist legal theory study of law enforcement in Indonesia Erlin Faridha; Ni Putu Tya Suindrayani; Rizkina Mewahni
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i5.1640

Abstract

Discrimination against women as a vulnerable group is still a structural problem in the Indonesian legal system. Although Article 27 paragraph (1) and Article 28B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) Law, the Civil Rights Act, and the Crime of Sexual Violence or Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (TPKS) Law have been designed in a normatively neutral and gender-responsive manner, substantive protection for women has not been optimally realized in law enforcement practices. This gap is evident in the dominance of formalistic interpretations that apply the law textually without considering the power relations and structural vulnerability of women as victims. This is reflected in the case of Baiq Nuril Maknun who was convicted while defending himself from sexual harassment, as well as various cases of victimization of victims of sexual violence in the evidentiary process in court. This study aims to analyze how gender-responsive legal interpretations can build norms that strengthen women's rights in the Indonesian legal system. The research uses normative legal methods with legislative and conceptual approaches. The analysis was carried out using Feminist Legal Theory, especially liberal feminism and cultural feminism, to examine systemic biases in the application of norms that appear to be textually neutral. The results of the study show that the formalistic approach has not been able to bring substantive justice. Alternatively, gender-responsive legal interpretation offers the principles of substantive equality, contextual reasoning, and anti-subordination to strengthen the protection of women's rights in law enforcement practices in Indonesia.

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