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Muhammad Irwan Hadi
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Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Published by Lembaga Yasin Alsys
ISSN : 29873924     EISSN : 29872286     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58578/mikailalsys
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Other
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science : MIKAILALSYS [2987-3924 (Print) and 2987-2286 (Online)] is a double blind peer reviewed and open access journal to disseminating all information contributing to the understanding and development of Multidisciplinary Science. Its scope is international in that it welcomes articles from academics, researchers, graduate students and policy makers. The articles published may take the form of original research, theoretical analyses, and critical review. All articles should be in English or Arabic. MIKAILALSYS publishes 3 editions a year in April, August, and December (Unless there is co-publication with conference organizers). MIKAILALSYS journal has been indexed by Harvard University, Boston University, Dimensions, Scilit, Crossref, Web of Science Garuda, Google Scholar, and Base.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 448 Documents
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Application of Mung Bean Biocoagulant for Tofu and Tempeh Wastewater Treatment Ismi Khairunnissa Ariani; Rina Noor Hayati; Sukma Agustina; Riza Hudayarizka
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11226

Abstract

Wastewater generated from tofu and tempeh production commonly contains high organic loads and suspended particles, necessitating environmentally sustainable treatment methods. This study investigated the use of mung bean (Vigna radiata) as a biocoagulant for reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity and improving the pH of tofu and tempeh wastewater. The study evaluated the effect of extraction with 1 M NaCl on biocoagulant performance, determined the optimum biocoagulant dosage, and assessed the influence of slow-mixing time on treatment effectiveness. Coagulation–flocculation was performed using mung bean biocoagulants before and after NaCl extraction, with dosages ranging from 1 to 5 g per 500 mL of wastewater and slow-mixing times ranging from 15 to 35 minutes. Initial characterization indicated that several wastewater quality parameters exceeded the applicable discharge standards. The NaCl-extracted biocoagulant performed better than the unextracted biocoagulant, achieving COD and turbidity removal efficiencies of 9.95% and 90.98%, respectively, with a final pH of 7.27. Across the dosage variations, the highest COD removal efficiency of 41.45% was obtained at 4 g/500 mL, whereas the highest turbidity removal efficiency of 91.17% was achieved at 2 g/500 mL. The highest final pH of 7.81 was recorded at 5 g/500 mL. The optimum slow-mixing time was 15 minutes, resulting in COD removal of 14.26%, turbidity removal of 87.45%, and a final pH of 7.19. These findings demonstrate that NaCl-extracted mung bean biocoagulant has considerable potential for improving tofu and tempeh wastewater quality, particularly through turbidity removal. The study contributes to the development of plant-based biocoagulants as an environmentally sustainable alternative for wastewater treatment, although optimization remains necessary to improve COD removal efficiency.
Factors Influencing Visitors Willingness to Pay at Situtirtamarta Nature Tourism Ira Dzatini; Sodik Dwi Purnomo; Bagus Adhitya
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11231

Abstract

Although willingness to pay (WTP) has been widely examined in tourism research, empirical evidence regarding the factors influencing visitors’ WTP at the Situtirtamarta Nature Tourism Destination in Purbalingga Regency remains limited. This study analyzed the determinants of visitors’ WTP at the destination. A quantitative approach with a survey design was employed, involving 100 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through binary logistic regression to assess the effects of ten independent variables on the probability of visitors’ willingness to pay. The findings demonstrated that the regression model was statistically significant overall. Partially, travel cost, length of visit, occupation, income level, and visit frequency significantly influenced visitors’ WTP, whereas gender, age, years of education, marital status, and number of dependents had no significant effects. These results indicate that visitors’ WTP is primarily shaped by economic conditions and visit-related characteristics rather than demographic factors. This study extends the tourism economics literature by providing empirical evidence on the determinants of WTP in a nature-based tourism context. The findings also provide practical implications for tourism managers and local governments in developing appropriate admission-pricing policies, improving service quality, and supporting the sustainable management of the Situtirtamarta tourism destination. Further research may examine psychological factors and perceived destination quality as additional determinants of visitors’ WTP.
Developing Students' Attitudes of Responsibility through Islamic Cultural History (SKI) Learning Based on Story Narratives Nur Azizah Zulkifli; Nur Hasanah; Zakiah Nasution
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11250

Abstract

Character education plays a critical role in fostering students’ responsibility; however, instructional approaches capable of meaningfully integrating moral values into classroom learning remain essential. This study aims to analyze the development of students’ responsibility through story-based Islamic Cultural History (SKI) learning, which presents exemplary values embodied by Islamic figures as models for students’ everyday conduct. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through observations, interviews, and documentation and analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that story-based SKI learning facilitates the internalization of exemplary values and contributes to the development of students’ responsibility. This development was reflected in greater discipline during learning activities, increased awareness of completing assignments on time, and more responsible behavior in both classroom activities and daily school life. Story-based learning also strengthened students’ emotional engagement, enabling them to understand and apply moral values more effectively. The effectiveness of this approach was supported by teachers’ ability to narrate stories engagingly, the use of varied instructional media, and a conducive school environment. Nevertheless, its implementation was constrained by limited instructional time, differences in students’ characteristics, and insufficient supporting media. The study concludes that story-based SKI learning provides a relevant pedagogical approach to integrating historical knowledge with responsibility development. These findings offer practical implications for Islamic education teachers seeking to design engaging, value-oriented learning that connects exemplary historical narratives with students’ everyday behavior.
Development of Interactive Context-Based Learning Multimedia to Improve Students' Understanding of Payment Systems and Instruments Erda Erlina Putri; Muhammad Abdul Ghofur
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11257

Abstract

This research was motivated by students' low understanding of the topic of payment systems and payment instruments due to its complex and abstract nature, as well as the use of instructional media that has not been able to effectively visualize concepts and promote active student engagement. This research aimed to develop feasible contextual-based interactive learning multimedia on the topic of payment systems and payment instruments and to determine the improvement in students' understanding after using the developed multimedia. The method used was Research and Development (R&D) employing the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), which was limited to the Development stage. A limited trial was conducted on 25 students of Class X-7 at SMA Negeri Bareng using a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. The results showed that the developed contextual-based interactive learning multimedia was categorized as highly feasible, with feasibility percentages of 81.17% from the media expert, 83.07% from the subject matter expert, and 82.22% from the language expert. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test yielded a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. In addition, the N-Gain analysis produced an average score of 0.7560 (75.60%), which was categorized as high. Based on these findings, the contextual-based interactive learning multimedia was declared highly feasible and effective in improving students' understanding of the topic of payment systems and payment instruments.
Risk Analysis of Bridge Team Management on Navigational Safety in the Mahakam River Fairway Yunus Hans Cristian Sihotang; Dion Lebang; Sunarlia Limbong
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11260

Abstract

Although navigational risk management has received considerable attention in maritime safety research, few studies have quantified collision and grounding risks in Indonesia’s narrow river fairways using long-term incident records. This study analyzed the risk levels of collision and grounding incidents involving KM. Tonasa Line XIX in the Mahakam River Fairway and evaluated compliance with Bridge Resource Management (BRM) practices in maintaining navigational safety. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, drawing on BRM theory, Human Factors Theory, Situational Awareness Theory, the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972, and the International Safety Management Code. Data were collected through direct observation during sea practice, in-depth interviews with the Master and three Deck Officers, and a literature review. Risk quantification was conducted using the Formal Safety Assessment framework established in IMO MSC/Circ.1023 and based on 25 verified incidents recorded in the fairway between 2021 and 2026. The findings identified human error—including fatigue, miscommunication, and inappropriate decision-making—and environmental conditions, such as channel siltation, strong currents, and high traffic density, as the dominant risk drivers. Based on the formula Risk Score = Likelihood × Consequence, collision incidents, comprising at least 17 cases, and grounding incidents, comprising at least eight cases, each received a score of 9 and were classified as high risk. The study concludes that BRM procedures are available on board but are not consistently implemented, particularly in relation to situational awareness, assertive communication, and fatigue management. These findings extend the literature on incident-history-based Formal Safety Assessment in confined waterways and provide practical implications for shipping companies, bridge officers, and waterway authorities seeking to strengthen navigational safety in the Mahakam River corridor. The study also provides a basis for future comparative research involving multiple vessels and river fairways.
The Effectiveness of the Bundo Andini Program in Increasing the Number of Visits by Young Children to the Proklamator Bung Hatta Library In Vadila Yulia Saputri; Marlini
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11262

Abstract

Book-reading and storytelling programs are increasingly implemented in libraries to promote early literacy; however, their effectiveness in encouraging library visits among young children remains insufficiently examined. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Bundo Andini Program in increasing visits by young children to the Proklamator Bung Hatta Library in Bukittinggi. A quantitative approach with a descriptive survey design was employed. The population comprised 150 program participants, from whom 60 parents, guardians, and teachers were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a four-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through frequency distributions, percentages, and mean scores. The findings showed that the Bundo Andini Program achieved an overall mean score of 3.27 and was classified as highly effective. Participant involvement obtained the highest mean score of 3.34, followed by participant satisfaction at 3.31 and program impact at 3.27. Implementation quality received the lowest mean score of 3.18, although it remained within the high category. These findings indicate that the program created an engaging literacy experience, strengthened children’s participation, increased their interest in books, and encouraged repeat library visits. The study concludes that the Bundo Andini Program is an effective library-based literacy initiative for young children. The findings provide practical implications for public libraries to diversify storytelling materials, learning media, and participatory activities to sustain children’s engagement and encourage continued library use.
The Quality of English Test Items for Senior High School Students: Validity, Cognitive Level, and Language Skills Analysis Hevriani Sevrika; Yenni Rozimela; Syahrul R
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11264

Abstract

Although educational assessment has received considerable scholarly attention, comprehensive evaluations of teacher-made English examinations integrating validity, cognitive demand, and language-skill representation remain limited. This study evaluated the quality of a senior high school English summative examination by examining these three dimensions simultaneously. A quantitative descriptive design was employed to analyze all 50 multiple-choice and essay items included in the examination through total sampling. Data were obtained through documentation. Content validity was assessed based on curriculum alignment, empirical validity was examined using Pearson product–moment correlation, cognitive levels were classified according to Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy (C1–C6), and language-skill representation was analyzed using percentage-based descriptive statistics. The findings showed that 38 items (76%) were valid, whereas 12 items (24%) were invalid because of ambiguous wording, poorly constructed distractors, and insufficient alignment with instructional objectives. The cognitive-level distribution was dominated by lower-order thinking skills, particularly understanding (C2; 32%) and remembering (C1; 28%). Higher-order thinking skills were substantially underrepresented, comprising analyzing (C4; 12%), evaluating (C5; 6%), and creating (C6; 2%). The examination also emphasized receptive skills and structural knowledge, with reading comprehension accounting for 48% of the items, followed by grammar (20%) and vocabulary (14%). Productive and communicative skills received considerably less coverage, including writing (10%), listening (6%), and speaking (2%). These findings demonstrate that acceptable item validity alone does not ensure a cognitively balanced and communicatively authentic language assessment. This study contributes to the English language assessment literature by providing a multidimensional evaluation of teacher-made examinations in secondary education. It also highlights the need for teachers, schools, and policymakers to conduct continuous item validation, strengthen assessment literacy, increase higher-order cognitive demands, and achieve a more balanced representation of receptive, productive, and communicative language skills.
The Influence of Motivation and Work Discipline on the Performance of Civil Servants at the Department of Public Housing and Residential Areas of Padang City Vika Fania Ayu Melani; Rahmadhona Fitri Helmi
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11274

Abstract

Improving the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) is essential for strengthening the effectiveness and accountability of government organizations, particularly through enhanced employee motivation and consistent work discipline. This study examined the partial and simultaneous effects of work motivation and work discipline on ASN performance at the Department of Public Housing and Residential Areas of Padang City. A quantitative approach with an associative research design was employed. The study involved all 57 ASN employees in the department, who were selected using saturated sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The findings demonstrated that work motivation and work discipline had positive and statistically significant effects on ASN performance, both individually and collectively. Employees with higher motivation and stronger work discipline tended to demonstrate better work quality, responsibility, and productivity. The study concludes that motivation and work discipline are important determinants of ASN performance within government institutions. These findings contribute empirical evidence to public human resource management and provide practical implications for government agencies seeking to improve employee performance through motivational strategies, consistent enforcement of work discipline, and systematic performance evaluation.
Reconstructing the Concept of Sulh as a Restorative Justice Model in Contemporary Islamic Criminal Law Mardia Pulungan; Arian Denopan Lubis; Nedi Rinaldi; Muhammad Ilyas
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11276

Abstract

The growing adoption of restorative justice in contemporary criminal justice systems has intensified scholarly interest in dispute resolution models that are humane, participatory, and oriented toward repairing harm. Within Islamic criminal law, ṣulḥ constitutes a conflict resolution mechanism that shares substantial conceptual affinities with restorative justice; however, its reconstruction as a contemporary restorative justice model remains insufficiently examined. This study aims to analyze the concept of ṣulḥ in Islamic criminal law, identify its relevance to restorative justice, and reconstruct its application in accordance with the requirements of modern criminal justice systems. Employing a qualitative library research approach, the study draws on the Qur’an, Hadith, classical Islamic jurisprudential literature, scholarly books, journal articles, and other relevant academic sources. The data were analyzed through content analysis and a descriptive-analytical framework grounded in maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. The findings demonstrate that ṣulḥ incorporates the principal elements of restorative justice, including dialogue, reconciliation, forgiveness, victim restitution, offender accountability, and the restoration of social relationships. Its contemporary reconstruction may be pursued by strengthening victims’ participation, optimizing penal mediation, and integrating considerations of public welfare (maṣlaḥah) into modern criminal justice practices. The study concludes that ṣulḥ has substantial potential to serve as a restorative justice model in contemporary Islamic criminal law by integrating Islamic legal principles with modern approaches to justice centered on peacebuilding, harm reparation, and social restoration. These findings contribute to Islamic criminal law scholarship by providing a conceptual framework for adapting classical reconciliation mechanisms to contemporary criminal justice contexts.
Life Cycle Assessment Approach of the Tofu Industry in SSIC Balikpapan City to Support SDGs Muhamad Nur Ibnu Luthfi Saud; Rina Noor Hayati; Muhammad Ma&#039;arij Harfadli; Dinda Jasmine Hasanah
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.11277

Abstract

The tofu industry constitutes 76% of the enterprises operating in the Somber Small Industry Center (SSIC) of Balikpapan City. Most producers continue to rely on conventional production methods to minimize operating costs, despite their adverse environmental consequences. This study assessed the environmental impacts of tofu production in SSIC Balikpapan and formulated environmentally sustainable improvement strategies using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. A quantitative field-survey design was employed, covering all 56 operating tofu industries. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and documentation, while inventory data were analyzed using SimaPro software and the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) method. The assessment applied a gate-to-gate system boundary, encompassing production processes from raw material inputs to finished tofu products over a one-year period. The findings showed that the dominant environmental impact categories were human carcinogenic toxicity at 437,000 pt, freshwater ecotoxicity at 19,500 pt, and marine eutrophication at 7,950 pt, primarily resulting from fuelwood consumption and untreated wastewater discharge. The proposed mitigation strategies included replacing fuelwood with liquefied petroleum gas and processing wastewater into liquid organic fertilizer. Implementation of these strategies reduced human carcinogenic toxicity to 26,800 pt, representing a 93.85% reduction, freshwater ecotoxicity to 18,900 pt, representing a 3.08% reduction, and marine eutrophication to 7,940 pt. These findings demonstrate that LCA can effectively identify environmental hotspots and guide cleaner production strategies in small-scale tofu industries. The study provides practical implications for improving resource efficiency, wastewater management, and energy use while supporting Sustainable Development Goals 6, 7, 12, and 13.

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