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Environmental and Materials
Published by Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30250277     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Physics
The Environmental and Materials Journal (EAM) is a biannual journal published by the Institute for Advanced Social, Science, and Sustainable Future, Indonesia. This journal is dedicated to issue the most substantial and advanced of original and review articles related with the environmental issues and its related materials. Each submitted article will be carefully and thoroughly examined by a group of professional editors. The Earth’s changing climate and environmental issues need to be urgently addressed and it is a serious challenge for the scientific world. In this regards, the Environmental and Materials Journal seeks to publish high quality articles discussing the environmental problems and the related materials as well as the developed materials to solve the environmental problems. The subjects covered in this journal are: - Environmental issues and its management - Pollutant materials - Material sciences related to the environmental problems solving
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ilmu Lingkungan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 30 Documents
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The effect of lime leaf extract (Citrus aurantifolia) through drinking water on the chemical and physical quality of broiler meat Anantaputra, Ahmad Ghofari Ali
Environmental and Materials Vol. 1 No. 2: (December) 2023
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v1i2.2023.147

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of supplementing lime leaf extract (EDJ) in broiler chickens' drinking water on both the chemical and physical qualities of their meat. A total of 128 New Lohmann MB 202 strain broiler roosters were subjected to the same basal feed regimen but received distinct drinking water treatments over a 35-day rearing period. The drinking water treatments included plain water without additives (negative control; T0), water supplemented with 50 ppm Tetracycline antibiotics (positive control; T1), water enriched with 15 ml/liter EDJ (T2), and water infused with 30 ml/liter EDJ (T3). The basal diet consisted of corn and soybean flour, with a crude protein content of 22.01% and a metabolic energy level of 3113.12 kcal/kg. Feed and drinking water are provided ad libitum during the rearing period. The parameters observed in this study were the chemical and physical quality of the meat, which included variables: moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, pH value, water holding capacity, cooking loss, and tenderness. The data obtained were then analyzed for variance (ANOVA) using a one-way Complete Randomized Design based on a P value of less than 5%. The findings of the study indicated that the supplementation of EDJ through drinking water did not produce significant alterations in water content, protein content, fat content, cooking loss, or tenderness of the broiler meat. However, a notable outcome was observed: the addition of 30 ml/liter of EDJ to the drinking water led to a substantial increase in water holding capacity (P<0.05) while simultaneously reducing the meat's pH value (P<0.05). These results suggest that EDJ supplementation has the potential to enhance the physical quality of broiler meat, primarily by increasing water retention and decreasing pH values, which can contribute to improve meat texture and juiciness.
Spatial and temporal study of estimating carbon stocks distribution of mangrove forest in coastal area of Teluknaga, Tangerang Yumnaristya, Syefiara Hania; Indra, Tito Latif; Supriatna; Pin, Tjiong Giok; Gracia, Enrico
Environmental and Materials Vol. 1 No. 2: (December) 2023
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v1i2.2023.270

Abstract

Coastal mangrove forests play a crucial role in balancing carbon emissions in the atmosphere as they are a significant carbon store. Previous studies have shown that mangroves can absorb carbon four times more efficiently than terrestrial tropical forests. Unfortunately, the massive development and land use changes in Teluknaga District's coastal areas threaten these ecosystems' existence. To address this concern, efforts are being made to increase conservation, including estimating carbon stock. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution of biomass and carbon stock of mangrove forests in Teluknaga between 2016-2022 based on vegetation indices such as ARVI, EVI, and SAVI. Sentinel-2 was calculated into ARVI, EVI, and SAVI vegetation indices to model biomass. Statistical correlation analysis was also used to determine the best vegetation index to model biomass in the coastal area of Teluknaga District. This study found that the ARVI vegetation index had the best correlation (R = 0.60) for modeling biomass, with an RMSE value of 36.67 kg/pixel. Most mangrove forests in the coastal area of Teluknaga District showed an increase in biomass and carbon stock between 2016-2022, with significant growth in Muara and Lemo villages' mangrove forests, which is in line with an increase in the area and density of mangrove forests.
Electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) with flow cell system using tin-modified copper foam electrode Syauqi, Muhammad Iqbal; Cahyani, Annisa Titi; Putri, Yulia Mariana Tesa Ayudia; Jiwanti, Prastika Krisma
Environmental and Materials Vol. 1 No. 2: (December) 2023
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v1i2.2023.363

Abstract

In this study, modification of the copper foam (Cuf) electrode with tin (Sn) was carried out with the electrodeposition method for application in CO2 electroreduction.  Characterization using SEM EDX, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the presence of Cu2O, CuO, and SnO2 thin layer mixture on the Cuf/Sn electrode. The electrochemical characteristics of the electrode were examined by using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. Under optimized conditions, electrochemical reduction of CO2 in a flow cell system. At the optimum condition of CO2 reduction in a flow cell system (flow rate of 75 mL/min and –0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl applied potential), the Cuf/Sn electrode exhibited a remarkable 75.79% with an 8.84 µmol/h formic acid production rate. In a comparable experiment, the Cuf/Sn flow system revealed a twofold improvement in the faradaic efficiency compared to the batch system and a threefold increase compared to the unmodified Cuf electrode in the flow system. Stability tests demonstrated consistent performance up to the 4th cycle, followed by a decline in the 5th cycle, potentially indicative of surface deterioration. The elevated performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of the Cu-Sn oxide layer, reinforcing the catalyst’s potential for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction to formic acid.
Synthesis and characterization silica-MB@GO-NH2 particle as fluorescence-based chlorine sensor Fatah, Fadhlir Rahman Aufar Al; Rahmawati, Isnaini; Gunlazuardi, Jarnuzi; Sanjaya, Afiten Rahmin
Environmental and Materials Vol. 1 No. 2: (December) 2023
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v1i2.2023.399

Abstract

In this research, we developed a fluorescence-based sensor to determine the sodium hypochlorite concentration (NaOCl) in tap water and swimming pool water samples. The detection of NaOCl was conducted by measuring the luminescence response of analyte in the paper-based sensor modified Silica-MB@GO-NH2 material were synthesized using Hummer's and Stober's methods under UV Light irradiation. Additionally, the prepared material exposed a couple peak 2D and 2G at 2938 cm-1 and 3286 cm-1 with ID/IG ratio 0.98 using Raman characterization which appropriate with the presence of GO structure in the mixture. This result was validated by the appearance of several functional groups like Si-O-Si, NH, OH, and C-C at 1079, 1391, 1611, and 3457 cm-1, respectively. Moreover, the existence of Si-O-Si bond indicates that the silica-MB interaction was perfectly formed, which plays the main role to absorb ultraviolet light that is used as sensor probe. The morphology of particles depicted an aggregated formation of spherical structure with 288 nm particle size, indicating the existence of silica-coated methylene blue. In this work, the paper-based sensor modified Silica-MB@GO-NH2 can detect the NaOCl species with concentration range 10-150 µM (R2 = 0.9757), a detection limit at 2.60 µM and quantification limit at 7.88 µM. Furthermore, this developed sensor has stable measurement with recovery performance 3.65%-6.67% for tap water and 0.05%–0.14% for swimming pool water. This result indicates that the prepared sensor can be potentially applied to calculate the hypochlorite species in the aquatic environment.
Synthesis of gold nanoparticles with allicin to modify boron-doped diamond surface for oxygen sensor applications Raharto, Toto; Setiyanto, Cahya Mukti; Ariyanta, Harits Atika; Nahda, Dinda Prastika Nabila; Hani, Adinda Muthia; Yulizar, Yoki; Ivandini, Tribidasari Anggraningrum; Einaga, Yasuaki
Environmental and Materials Vol. 1 No. 2: (December) 2023
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v1i2.2023.560

Abstract

Modification of surface of boron-doped diamond (BDD) film with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was carried out to increase its catalytic activity for an application as an oxygen sensor. Allicin was isolated from garlic by salting out extraction technique, and then used as the capping agent to synthesize AuNPs as it has a double bond structure that could be reacted to attach the BDD surface under UV light radiation. An average size of AuNPs at around 46,00 ± 9,06 nm was obtained, while the modification of the BDD surface by the synthesized AuNPs indicated that the surface of BDD could be covered by gold at around 0.6 % (w/w). Investigation of the AuNPs-modified BDD as a working electrode for the oxygen reduction by using cyclic voltammograms in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution pH 7 observed a current peak at around -0.45 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The current of this peak linearly increased proportionally to the dissolved oxygen concentrations (R2=0.9986). Moreover, a limit of detection of the dissolved oxygen of 0.12 ppm and limit of quantity 0.41 ppm could be achieved with excellent stability at 6.86% RSD with 6 repetitions and sensitivity at 19.086 μA/ppm indicated that the modified BDD is promising for applications as an oxygen sensor.
Influence of NaBH4 on the sensitivity of As3+ and As5+ sensor using gold modified boron doped diamond electrodes Yuliandri, Pratiwi; Lestarini, Dian Tri; Khalil, Munawar; Einaga, Yasuaki; Jiwanti, Prastika Krisma
Environmental and Materials Vol. 2 No. 1: (June) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v2i1.2024.804

Abstract

Background: Arsenic is known as one of the carcinogenic metalloids and can cause various health issues when ingested or inhaled over prolonged periods of time. Methods: In this work, boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was altered with gold particles (Au) arranged by seeding continued with electrodeposition of HAuCl4 solutions at the electrode surface, will be used as electrode to detect As3+ and As5+ in lake water. The deposited gold particles on the BDD surface were studied with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Detections of As3+, As5+, and mixture solutions of As3+ and As5+, carried out with anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Findings: The, pre-treatment using NaBH4 carried out for reduction from As5+ to As3+, indicate an improvement at the sensitivity of As3+ and As5+ detection with a good linear responses for each solution in range concentrations of 0.02-0.2 ppm for As3+ and As5+, with R2=0.9759 and R2= 0.9876, respectively. Conclusion: Furthermore, limit of detections of 0.0335 ppm and 0.0239 ppm can be attained for As3+ and As5+ displayed high linearity, revealing that detection of each species of As3+ and As5+ can be conducted in mixture of As3+ and As5+. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study involves the modification of BDD electrodes with gold (Au) using a combined seeding and electrodeposition technique, which enhances stability and sensitivity for detecting arsenic (As³⁺ and As⁵⁺) at low concentrations. Additionally, the research introduces a pretreatment method using NaBH₄ to facilitate the detection of As⁵⁺ by reducing it to As³⁺, thereby improving the detection limits with anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV).
Construction of an enzymatic biosensor for chlorpyrifos pesticide detection via acetylcholinesterase inhibition on oxidative boron-doped diamond electrode Basit, Abdul; Ferinastiti; Tesla, Yudhistira; Naumi, Fadlinatin
Environmental and Materials Vol. 2 No. 1: (June) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v2i1.2024.890

Abstract

Background: The extensive utilization of pesticides in agricultural practices presents considerable environmental and health hazards, which calls for the creation of precise and specialized detection techniques. Methods: This study focuses on the development of an enzymatic biosensor designed to detect chlorpyrifos pesticide residues. The biosensor employs an oxidative boron-doped diamond (OBDD) electrode as the transducer platform, offering exceptional sensitivity and stability. The detection mechanism is based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity on the OBDD surface. Various factors were optimized to assess the precision and sensitivity limit of the developed sensor. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) results indicated that the presence of AChE is necessary for acetylthiocholine chloride (ATCl) to generate an electrical signal. To enhance detection, AChE was modified with magnetic beads. Findings: This modification facilitated the oxidation of ATCl to thiocholine chloride, an oxidation peak of thiocholine could be observed at the magnetic beads modified AChE-Biotin/OBDD at a potential of +0.804 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), formed by an enzymatic reaction of AChE in the presence of acetylthiocholine. The current signal decreased due to the inhibition of AChE activity by chlorpyrifos pesticide. The oxidation current of thiocholine chloride consistently decreased as the chlorpyrifos concentration increased within the range of 0.001nM to 10nM at the optimum condition of 50 mM phosphate buffer solution pH 7.6; 250 mu/5 mL AChE; and 1 mM ATCl in an inhibition and contact time of 30 and 15 min, respectively. The regression equation obtained using magnetic beads modified by AChE-Biotin is y = 0.043ln(x) + 1.074, with an R² value of 0.9062. The sensor demonstrated a lower limit of detection value of 0.6551nM. Conclusion: Furthermore, the developed sensor proved suitable for testing real samples of tap water, showing minimal interference with a % RSD value lower than 10%. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study introduces a novel enzyme-based biosensor using oxidative boron-doped diamond (OBDD) electrodes for detecting chlorpyrifos pesticide. The originality lies in the use of electrochemically modified BDD, which enhances enzyme immobilization and stability, providing higher sensitivity and lower detection limits compared to traditional methods.
Assessment of solar radiation potential for solar drying technology of fruits and vegetables Mhango, Kelvin
Environmental and Materials Vol. 2 No. 1: (June) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v2i1.2024.904

Abstract

Background: Malawi gets a lot of sunshine because it is positioned astride the equation. It is abundant since it is a renewable energy source. Absence of information about solar radiation availability is the main obstacle to resource use. With the goal of minimizing post-harvest losses, this study evaluates Malawi's sun radiation potential for drying fruits and vegetables. Methods: Using pyranometers as instruments, automatic weather stations in the districts of Mzimba, Lilongwe, Dedza, Ntcheu, Salima, Mwanza, Thyolo, Mulanje, and Chiradzulu were used to gather secondary data. The Department of Climate Change and Meteorological Services (DCCMS) supplied the primary data, which covered a brief three years (2017 to 2020). Three years' worth of historical data was taken into consideration in order to obtain more significant trends and data validation. Excel and Rstudio were used to evaluate the data in terms of daily and seasonal fluctuation and mapping, respectively. Findings: It is evident from the irradiation map and daily and seasonal variance trends that certain regions of Malawi experience more insolation than others. This results from ITCZ, which affects how the seasons change. These findings will be used to determine which Malawian districts will benefit from the installation of solar dryers by having higher levels of insolation. Conclusion: Further study on solar radiation received at inclined and horizontal planes is what I suggest doing. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study introduces a novel approach to using solar drying methods for preserving fruits and vegetables in Malawi, addressing the high post-harvest losses in various districts. By focusing on the application of solar drying systems tailored to local solar radiation conditions, the research highlights the importance of harnessing diffuse solar radiation, which is often overlooked, thereby offering a more sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional drying methods.
A study on spatio-temporal trend of rubber leaf fall phenomenon using planetscope multi-index vegetation imagery in relations to climatological conditions Sopian, Nadya Ata Meiviana; Supriatna; Manessa, Masita Dwi Mandini; Shidiq, Iqbal Putut Ash; Nagasawa, Ryota; Haidar, Muhammad
Environmental and Materials Vol. 2 No. 1: (June) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v2i1.2024.906

Abstract

Background: Rubber plants are one of the most important plantation commodities in Indonesia. However, rubber production has declined due to leaf fall disease caused by the pathogen Pestalotiopsis sp. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of rubber plant leaf fall disease using multi-vegetation indices from PlanetScope imagery, as well as to analyze the influence of climatological conditions on the disease. Methods: The research was conducted at the Sembawa Rubber Research Center Garden, South Sumatra, using PlanetScope imagery data and climatological data in 2017 (before leaf fall) and 2023 (after leaf fall). Finding: Spatially, the 2023 leaf fall occurred in almost the entire garden area with poor to moderate levels. Blocks 2013D, 2012F, and 2009F experienced the most severe levels, with a total defoliated area reaching 396.76 ha. Analysis of monthly variations in vegetation index values revealed a decrease in values during leaf fall due to Pestalotiopsis sp., specifically in February, May, and September 2023. Statistical test results showed significant differences in vegetation index values between 2017 and 2023. Furthermore, based on Spearman's correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between vegetation index values and humidity, but no significant correlation with rainfall and temperature. Conclusion: This research provides insights into mapping and monitoring rubber leaf fall disease using remote sensing data and climatological factors, which can be used for more effective rubber plantation management. However, the study has some limitations: monthly Planet data for 2017 is not fully available, several Planet image scenes from 2017 still have more than 50% cloud cover, and there may be biases as plants falling into the low health class are included in the high range of vegetation index values. Novelty/Originality of this Study: By integrating spatial and temporal analyses with climatological data, the research provides a precise and comprehensive method for monitoring LFD and understanding its environmental determinants, thereby enhancing traditional rubber plantation management practices.
Advanced electrochemical detection of arsenic using platinum-modified boron-doped diamond by anodic stripping voltammetry Fatah, Fadhlir R. A. A.; Sitorus, Rinaldo; Saefumillah, Asep; Mubarok, Hanif; Pramadewandaru, Respati K.
Environmental and Materials Vol. 2 No. 1: (June) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v2i1.2024.993

Abstract

Background: Platinum-modified boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes were effectively fabricated through a combination of wet seeding and electrodeposition techniques. Methods: This research involved the utilization of various chemicals and apparatus, the modification of boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes with platinum using wet seeding and electrodeposition, and the detection of As3+ and As5+ using a phosphate buffer solution and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Findings: Characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) confirmed the successful deposition of 1.54% platinum on the BDD surface. These modified electrodes were employed as sensors for arsenic species (As³⁺ and As⁵⁺) using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution at pH 6. Under optimal conditions, including a deposition potential of -500 mV, a deposition time of 150 s, and a scan rate of 200 mV/s, the linear detection of As³⁺ and As⁵⁺ was achieved within a concentration range of 0 to 100 ppb (R² = 0.9797 and 0.9903, respectively). Prior to ASV detection of As⁵⁺, a pretreatment step involving the addition of 0.1 M NaBH₄ was necessary to reduce As⁵⁺ to As³⁺. The detection limits for As³⁺ and As⁵⁺ were determined to be 16.50 ppb and 8.19 ppb, respectively. Conclusion: This research highlights the potential of BDD/Pt electrodes in environmental monitoring and arsenic detection applications and demonstrates the method's efficacy for the speciation analysis of arsenic species. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This research pioneers the use of platinum-modified boron-doped diamond electrodes for the speciation analysis of arsenic, offering a promising new approach for environmental monitoring applications.

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