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International Journal Multidisciplinary
Published by Antis Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30319870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61796/ijmi.v1i2.49
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education, Social,
Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Physics
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) (ISSN 3031-9870) is a distinguished, double-blind, peer-reviewed publication that operates on a 4 (Four) issues per year. Dedicated to advancing the frontiers of knowledge, this esteemed international journal serves as a vital platform for academics, researchers, and educators to share their profound insights and expertise with a global audience. With an unwavering commitment to excellence, IJMI publishes cutting-edge research that delves deep into multifaceted topics, enriching the scholarly landscape. Emphasizing the significance of rigorous evaluation, the journal boasts a swift and meticulous peer review process, ensuring the dissemination of high-quality and well-vetted contributions to the academic community worldwide.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 134 Documents
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A REVIEW: THE ROLE OF SNPS IN HBB, BCL11A, HBS1L-MYB, AND MIRNA NETWORKS IN BETA-THALASSEMIA: INSIGHTS FROM IRAQI AND ASIAN POPULATIONS Qassim Raheem, Haider; AL-Mousawi, Haider Turky Mousa; Al-Mawlah, Yasir Haider; Al-Sultani, Humam Fadel; brahim, Hussein Fadil I; Shather, Shatha Ruaidh; Hassan, Hawraa Majid; Jasim, Sajjad Haider
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.436

Abstract

Objective: Beta-thalassemia is a genetically heterogeneous blood disorder marked by impaired hemoglobin synthesis, resulting in chronic anemia, multi-organ complications, and changing clinical severity. This review analyzes the essential functions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HBB, BCLⅠⅠA, and HBSⅠL-MYB genes, as well as miRNA regulatory networks, in influencing beta-thalassemia phenotypes, particularly in Iraqi and Asian populations. Method: Many research investigations conducted across Iraq and Asia have highlighted the elevated prevalence and pathogenic significance of the HBB rs334 mutation, which acts as a primary genetic determinant of the disease in these regions. Additionally, regional studies have shown strong statistical links between BCLⅠⅠA variants (rs1427407, rs11886868) and HBSⅠL-MYB variants (rs4895441, rs9399137) and higher levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). Results: This leads to milder phenotypes, less need for transfusions, and better clinical outcomes. These results demonstrate the vital role of genetic modifiers in influencing disease severity. Moreover, the dysregulation of microRNAs—specifically miR-144/451, miR-15a/16-1, and miR-210—has been demonstrated to impact erythropoiesis, hemoglobin switching, and inflammation, thereby further influencing disease progression. According to epidemiological statistics from the World Health Organization and recent studies, the prevalence of beta-thalassemia in Iraq is around 37.1 per 100,000 individuals, with a carrier rate varying from 1.5% to 3% in different Asian areas and peaking at 20% in some ethnic groups. Up to 20% of patients with beta-thalassemia major in Iraq are co-infected with hepatitis C virus owing to their blood transfusion requirements, underscoring the critical need for comprehensive prevention measures. Novelty: The combination of genetic markers and miRNA profiles makes it possible to use personalized diagnostic and treatment methods, especially gene- and miRNA-based therapies that target specific molecular pathways. This review underscores the necessity of tailoring genetic counseling, screening, and management strategies to accommodate unique regional genetic backgrounds and modifier effects, thereby promoting precision medicine and enhancing the quality of care for beta-thalassemia patients in Iraq, Asia, and analogous populations internationally.
SCHOOL PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP AT SMK NEGERI 3 AMUNTAI, HULU SUNGAI UTARA REGENCY Barkatullah, Barkatullah; Berkatillah , Akhmad; Rahmayanti, Anita
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v2i4.438

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the leadership practices of the principal at SMK Negeri 3 Amuntai, Hulu Sungai Utara District, particularly in relation to organizational effectiveness, teacher discipline, motivation, and the achievement of school goals. Method: The research employed a qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Informants were selected using snowball sampling, involving 12 participants consisting of school leaders and teachers. Data analysis followed three stages: data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification to ensure analytical rigor and credibility. Results: The findings indicate that the principal’s leadership is generally adequate across nine key indicators, including the ability to mobilize subordinates, decision-making, material considerations, participatory decision-making, implementation of decisions, delegation of authority, briefing, guidance, and supervision. However, weaknesses were identified in communication and coordination between the principal and subordinates, largely due to the principal’s limited presence at school and external commitments. Constraining factors include insufficient discipline and limited funding, while supporting factors involve the principal’s ability to direct, guide, and implement decisions effectively. Novelty: This study contributes by highlighting the critical role of communication and coordination as determining factors in the effectiveness of school leadership within vocational education contexts, offering practical insights for leadership improvement.
A REVIEW OF RECENT ADVANCES IN NANO-ELECTRONICS FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE SENSING MATERIALS, ARCHITECTURES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Alfarag, Sarmad Hamad Ibrahim
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.442

Abstract

Objective: Nano-electronic sensors are rapidly developing as the enabling technologies of next-generation systems in the Internet of Things (IoT), biomedical diagnostics, environmental measurements, artificial intelligence (AI) computing devices and personalized electronics. This review gives a system-level and a comparative view on the nano-electronic sensors, and better informs the researchers and the industry interested in ensuring such nano-electronic sensors go beyond being mere demonstrations in the lab to working systems with commercial potential. Method: This review is a synthesis of recent innovations in the materials; device designs and fabrication technology form a coherent whole when it comes to defining high performance nano-electronic sensing. The most important material families among which graphene and transition metal chalcogenides, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), metal oxides such as ZnO and SnO2, and silicon nanowires are considered most importantly with regards to their band structure, charge transport behavior, surface functionalization and sensing mechanisms. The review also notes there is architectural development in the conventional resistive sensors to the FET based sensing platforms, networks of nanowires and nanotubes, and the emerging memristive and neuromorphic sensors scalable fabrication methods of CVD growth, atomic layer deposition (ALD), and heterogeneous integration. Results: Trends in cross-technology show there has been a definite shift to device scaling, ultra-low-energy consumption, and reliability conscious design as sensing platforms are brought even closer to actual deployment. They are persistent problems such as drift, hysteresis, variability of devices, and degradation in the environment that are cited as the main bottlenecks to commercialization. Novelty: Lastly, the review finds strategic future directions such as AI-assisted sensor design, hybrid and flexible sensing platforms, self-powered operation and edge-AI, which will be highlighted.
ANALYSIS OF TEACHER NEEDS IN TPACK-BASED DEEP LEARNING TO IMPROVE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS' DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS Handini, Oktiana; Suryanti, Hera Heru Sri; Sutoyo
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i1.444

Abstract

Objective: The rapid development of digital technology has created new demands for elementary school teachers to possess strong digital literacy skills and to integrate technology meaningfully into the learning process. This study aims to analyze elementary school teachers' needs in implementing TPACK-based deep learning to improve their digital literacy skills. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed in this research. The participants consisted of 50 elementary school teachers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with thematic analysis based on TPACK components and deep learning characteristics. Results: The results indicate that most teachers have adequate basic technological skills, particularly in operating common digital devices and applications. However, the integration of technology with pedagogy and content knowledge remains limited. The implementation of deep learning is still low, as learning activities tend to focus on surface understanding rather than conceptual depth, reflection, and problem-solving. Teachers experience difficulties in selecting appropriate digital tools, designing technology-supported learning activities, and applying TPACK holistically. In addition, limited professional development, lack of continuous mentoring, and insufficient institutional support were identified as major challenges. This study highlights that the primary need of elementary school teachers lies in strengthening TPACK integration through practical, contextual, and sustainable professional development programs. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in providing a comprehensive needs analysis that links TPACK, deep learning, and digital literacy within the context of elementary education, serving as a foundation for designing targeted teacher development programs.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN THE CRIMINAL CASE SETTLEMENT PROCESS AT THE DENPASAR DISTRICT COURT Wiratny, Ni Ketut; Sihotang , Erikson; Prihanta, Kadek Hendhy
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.448

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the legal arrangements related to the application of restorative justice in the settlement of criminal cases at the Denpasar District Court. Method: The study uses a legal analysis approach, referencing Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2024 concerning Guidelines for Prosecuting Criminal Cases Based on Restorative Justice (PERMA RJ), and examining a specific case decision (No. 1226/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Dps) to assess the application of restorative justice. Results: The implementation of restorative justice is seen through the involvement of victims, their families, defendants, and other related parties, with the aim of recovery instead of mere retaliation, as illustrated in the court decision. Novelty: The interpretation and application of restorative justice as defined in PERMA No. 1 of 2024 in criminal case settlements, especially in the Denpasar District Court, highlighting its goal of restorative rather than punitive outcomes.
JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE JUDGE'S DECISION IN THE CASE OF PROTECTED ANIMALS AT THE DENPASAR DISTRICT COURT Wiratny, Ni Ketut; Sihotang, Erikson; Widyatmika , Ida Bagus Ary
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.449

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the considerations and inhibiting factors in criminal cases regarding protected animals in the Denpasar District Court, specifically in Decision Number 809/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Dps. Method: The case is analyzed based on the judge's considerations, including elements of intentionality, the defendant's ignorance, incorrect application of cumulative articles, and the use of justice and societal usefulness in decision-making. Results: The judge's considerations focused on intentionality, ignorance of the legal requirement for permits, and the application of the wrong articles. The defendant was not found guilty of committing a criminal act as the judge balanced legal certainty with justice and societal impact. Novelty: The case highlights the impact of outdated legislation, lack of coordination among law enforcement agencies, and the role of social media in facilitating the trade of protected animals.
REVIEW ON THE KRAS PROTEIN MUTATIONS IN COLORECTAL CANCER: MOLECULAR PATHWAYS AND THERAPEUTIC OPPORTUNITIES Salem, Wisal; Abdul Majeed, Rana; Al-Tamimi, Shatha
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.450

Abstract

Objective: The mutations in the KRAS proteins are the most crucial molecular events that contribute to the initiation and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Method:Recent progress with high-resolution genomics further illuminated the various biological implications of specific KRAS alleles to show that individual sub-types of mutations possess specific oncogenic capabilities, and therapeutic weaknesses. Results:KRAS mutations (especially G12D, G12V, and G13D) lead to constitutive activation of downstream signaling pathways that mediate cell survival, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation, promoting tumor progression, metabolic reorganization, EMT, resistance to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies, immunosuppressive microenvironment formation, and altered signaling networks including PI3K/AKT and RAF/MEK/ERK. Novelty: The knowledge of the specific molecular implications of KRAS mutations provides a growing world of opportunities to treat patients with CRM personally and provide better outcomes, including allele-specific inhibitors, dual therapy strategies, synthetic lethality, immunotherapy repression, and metabolic therapy.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FORCED CONVECTION ENHANCEMENT IN A POROUS AIR DUCT: EFFECTS OF POROSITY AND PARTICLE SIZE Hameed, Mohammed Z.; Weis, Musa Mustafa
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.456

Abstract

Objective: This research focuses on experimental studies of forced convection heat transfer in an air duct packed with a glass ball porous medium to enhance thermal efficiency and save energy. Method: Experiments were conducted with heat inputs of 100, 150, and 200 W and air velocities of 0.5, 0.75, and 1 m/s, while varying the ball diameter and porosity. Three electric tubular heaters fixed vertically were used for uniform heating. Results: The study shows that lower porosity media significantly increase heat transfer capability under the same airflow conditions. Glass balls with a porosity of 0.58 achieved a maximum enhancement, with increments of 66.10%, 89.79%, and 64.83% at 0.5 m/s for 100, 150, and 200 W, respectively. A strong linear relationship between Reynolds and Nusselt numbers was observed, with maximum Nusselt number enhancements of 72.92% and 24.61% at 0.5 and 0.75 m/s, respectively. Novelty: This study highlights the impact of glass ball size and porosity on heat transfer performance, demonstrating that smaller particles with higher porosity significantly improve thermal efficiency, though at the cost of increased flow resistance. The findings contribute valuable insights into optimizing porous media for energy-efficient heat transfer.
INVESTIGATIONS OF NPS AND NANO CARRIERS PROPERTIES FOR DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT Kadhim, Faisal J.; M. Alkhafaji, Ali Mejbel; Mohammed Ali, Dalya Razzaq
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.458

Abstract

Objective: Nanotechnology (nano: One billionth) is a novel arena with promising applications in the field of medicine, especially pharmaceuticals for safe and targeted drug delivery. The skin is a phenomenal tool for investigation of nanocarriers for drug delivery for topical and dermatological application. Method: The physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, such as rigidity, hydrophobicity, size and charge are crucial to the skin permeation mechanism. Even though different ways have been found to make therapeutics penetrate and permeate the skin better, they are often harsh and could cause permanent damage to the stratum corneum. Results: Nanosized carrier systems offer a novel methodology for contemporary technologies, causing negligible disruption to the skin's natural barrier function. Novelty: This Review discusses the use of Nano carriers to deliver drug molecules, genetic material, and vaccines into the skin, emphasizing nanotoxicology research and recent clinical advancement for market translation.
SOLVING TWO-DIMENSIONAL TIME-SPACE FRACTIONAL DIFFUSION PROBLEM BY USING LEAST-SQUARES-PETROV-GALERKIN METHOD Jumaa, Sara Qasim; Al- Humedi, Hameeda Oda
International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal Multidisciplinary (IJMI)
Publisher : Antis-Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijmi.v3i2.459

Abstract

Objective: Nanotechnology (nano: One billionth) is a novel arena with promising applications in the field of medicine, especially pharmaceuticals for safe and targeted drug delivery. The skin is a phenomenal tool for investigation of nanocarriers for drug delivery for topical and dermatological application. Method: The physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, such as rigidity, hydrophobicity, size and charge are crucial to the skin permeation mechanism. Even though different ways have been found to make therapeutics penetrate and permeate the skin better, they are often harsh and could cause permanent damage to the stratum corneum. Results: Nanosized carrier systems offer a novel methodology for contemporary technologies, causing negligible disruption to the skin's natural barrier function. Novelty: This Review discusses the use of Nano carriers to deliver drug molecules, genetic material, and vaccines into the skin, emphasizing nanotoxicology research and recent clinical advancement for market translation.

Page 13 of 14 | Total Record : 134

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