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Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 23373776     EISSN : 25990527     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59042/mj.v12i1.175
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Majority dalah peer-reviewed journal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah bagi mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran, dosen maupun klinisi. Jurnal Majority menerima manuskrip atau artikel dalam bidang dalam lingkup bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan. Artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan di Jurnal Majority mencakup artikel hasil penelitian, laporan kasus dan tinjauan pustaka.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 106 Documents
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Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi Ibu Hamil terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan Selama Kehamilan di Puskesmas Bandar Lampung Tasya Khalis Ilmiani; Dian Isti Angraini; Rizki Hanriko
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Adequacy of nutrition for pregnant women is very important because it can contribute to both the mother and the baby. Pregnant women with poor nutritional status can cause a risk of fetal development, disability in infants, low birth weight, and death before birth. Nutrition in pregnant women is influenced by the mother's nutritional knowledge during pregnancy. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional knowledge in pregnant women and weight gain during pregnancy. The design of study was cross sectional analytic using primary data obtained from the questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the KIA / KMS book that include maternal weight. Sampling was examined at Puskesmas Bandar Lampung which is Kedaton, Way Kandis, Satellite, Sukaraja, Sukabumi, and Simpur Puskesmas in 2018. The total sample is 130 pregnant womans with purposive sampling technique. The data analysis using Chi Square with α = 0.05 and CI = 95%. The results of the research showed that there is a relationship between nutritional knowledge in pregnant women and weight gain during pregnancy in Bandar Lampung Primary Health Center with a value of p = 0.003. From the results of this study it can be concluded that nutritional knowledge in pregnant women influences the weight gain during pregnancy.
Hidrops Fetalis Norman Fahryl
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Fetal hydrops is a pathological condition defined as an excessive fluid accumulation and fetal serous cavities in two or more fetal compartements. These fetal hydrops are serious cases that are in the fetus and have a poor prognosis. The incidence of fetal hydrops is estimated to be 1 in 3000 pregnancies with prevalence tends to increase over time. The etiology of fetal hydrops can be divided into 2, within Immune Hydrops Fetalis (IHF) and Non-Immune Fetal Hydrops (NIHF). Previously, cases of fetal hydrops were dominated by Rhesus isoimmunization which resulted in severe fetal conditions. However, after the development of treatment and diagnosis of Rh isoimmunization, most cases of hydrops are caused by nonimmune conditions. One cause of nonimmune hydrops is haematologic disorders or anemia. This anemia itself has several causative factors, including genetic disorders, infections, vascular malformations, and hemorrhagic fetomaternal. Alpha thlassemia is a blood disorder that reduces the production of hemoglobin. The more severe type is known as hemoglobin Bart hydrops fetalis syndrome. Alpha thalassemia is the most common cause of fetal hydrops in Southeast Asian countries. This case is a 33 week pregnant woman with fetal hydrops accompanied by haematological abnormalities in the form of anemia. This case report highlights the link between anemia and fetal hydrops and treatment in cases of fetal hydrops.
Hubungan Penggunaan Air Conditioner (AC) di Ruang Kelas Terhadap Kejadian Sindrom Mata Kering Pada Pelajar SMA Negeri Bandar Lampung Amalia Widya Larasati; Rani Himayani
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
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Abstract

Using Air Conditioner (AC) in daily life have become a habit. AC is used to give a cozy condition but in the other side, AC causes low humidity and causing dry eye syndrome. The purpose of this research was to know the correlation between using AC in classroom and dry eye syndrome. The design of this study was analytic observational by using cross-sectional design. Subject of the research was XII grade students of Senior High School (SHS) 9 and 14 Bandar Lampung. There were 60 students from SHS 9 which using AC in classroom, and 60 students from SHS 14 which not using AC in classroom. Samples were selected by consecutive sampling and evaluated using schirmer test. Then, samples divided into normal and dry eye syndrome. Data analysis was using Chi Square test. The percentage of students who use AC in classroom and suffering dry eye were 61,7%. Meanwhile, students who don’t use AC in classroom and suffering dry eye were 20% (p=0,001). There was significant correlation between using AC in classroom and the incident of dry eye syndrome in Senior High School student at Bandar Lampung.
Penatalaksanaan Demam Tifoid pada Lansia dengan Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga Dwi Jayanti Tri Lestari; Aila Karyus
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
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Abstract

Typhoid fever is a systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria that can enter through contaminated food and drink. According to CDC, the incidence of typhoid fever in The United States of America at the age group of 45-64 years old was 23 patients from the total of 309 patients. Early treatment and prevention of recurrence are important to prevent the worsening of the disease and its complications. This study is a case report. Primary data was obtained from autoanamnesis, physical examination and home visits. Secondary data was obtained from the patient's medical records at the public health center. The assessment is based on a holistic diagnosis from the beginning, process, and end of study quantitatively and qualitatively. Patient Mrs. P, 67 years old, has typhoid fever due to poor hygiene, but the patient still has a functional degree of 2 in carrying out daily activities. Patient had internal risk factors, which were poor personal hygiene and the lack of patient knowledge about typhoid fever. External factor was the lack of house cleanliness. Patient management was done with the implementation of patient-centered, family-focused, and community-oriented approach. The interventions given were secondary prevention of typhoid fever and education of a clean and healthy lifestyle carried out in three times visits. The evaluation resulted in less complaints of patient illness and more knowledge and attitudes of patients and families related to typhoid fever were gained.
Manifestasi Klinis dan Perjalanan Penyakit pada Pasien Covid-19 Celine Grace
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 or nCov-19 is included in the category betaCoVs the genomic analysis suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may evolve that are found on bats. Because mutations in the original strains can be directly triggered virulence towards humans. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the viral disease continues to emerge and is a serious problem for public health. In the last twenty years, several viral epidemics such as severe coronavirus acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) at 2002 to 2003. It was found that 98% of patients in their study had a fever, which 78% had temperatures higher than 38 °c. They reported that 76% of patients had coughed, 44% of patients experienced fatigue and muscular pain, and 55% of patients experienced dyspnea with old age cases and the owners of Compenion and ARDS would have worse prognosis when infected with this virus. With the absence of effective treatment, the best way to handle the epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 is to control the source of infection. Strategies include early diagnosis, isolation, and supportive care. Immunosuppressive drugs have an effect on humoral immunity, cell-mediated immunity and neutrophil function, increasing the risk of severe infections caused by viral agents. Patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy are at risk to have a more severe manifestation of the viral infection. Some studies also included chloroquine as a treatment of Cov-19.
Potensi Curcumin sebagai Modalitas Terapi Suportif Pada Pasien Kanker Payudara Amira Puri Zahra; Ahmad Farishal; Bintang Abadi Siregar
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
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Abstract

Breast cancer is a malignancy in breast cells in the ducts or lobes due to mutations in gene level. Gene mutations, especially BRCA1 and BRCA2, are the dominant genes in breast cancer that activate carcinogenesis that causes immune defects. Decreased immunity must be improved and supported one of them using special nutrition improvements that have supportive therapy in breast cancer. Curcumin has potential as a nutrient that increases immunity and has an apotosis effect, suppresses metastases, regulates microRNA and stops the angiogenesis process promoted by VEGF in cancer cells. Curcumin is a natural ingredient obtained from Curcuma longa alias turmeric which has been used widely as a spice in the Asian region. The potential anticancer and antioxidant available in curcumin should be given at a minimum dose of 3.6gram and absorbed by the intestine only 1% but it is easily deposited in the brain, liver and lungs. The use of nano and injection routes are expected to increase the bioavability of curcumin.
Tatalaksana Medikamentosa pada Low Back Pain Kronis M. Muhlis Rizki; Fitria Saftarina
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability throughout the world. The prevalence of low back pain is reported to be as high as 84%, with 12% of the population being disabled by low back pain. The prevalence in Indonesia is 24,7%, most of them are related with occupation that involves with the strength of spine, resulting in overload and trigger the accelerated degenerative articular. Based on the duration of pain, LBP is divided into acute, subacute, and chronic. Low back pain that persists for more than 12 weeks is defined as chronic LBP. Chronic LBP requires multimodal therapy, but seems to follow the main principle, such as to reduce the pain, to prevent muscle stiffness, and to enhance patients’ quality of life. The most common drugs used to treat pain in chronic LBP are NSAID, gabapentinoid, and muscle relaxant. NSAID, as the first modality to treat chronic LBP, works by inhibiting prostaglandin through the inhibition of both COX 1 and 2 (non-selective) or directly of COX 2 (selective). The use of NSAID is limited in patients with gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms. Gabapentinoid is an anti-convulsant drug which involves in neurotransmitter modulation in afferent neuron presynaptic receptors, but this drug requires titration and it should be taken for considerations. Lastly, muscle relaxant is categorized into two different mechanisms, which directly works in spinal cords and skeletal muscles (antispastic) and in central nervous system conduction (antispasmodic) to prevent muscle spasms, but still considering about the risk of drug abuse. By taking all side effects of all therapy modalities into consideration, NSAID is chosen as first-line therapy to treat chronic LBP.
Pengaruh Paparan Asap Rokok terhadap Kadar Hormon Adiponektin sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Shenia Verinda Harsa
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Cigarette contains chemicals that can damage the human body. There are about 7.000 chemicals contained in cigarette smoke, 250 are known to be harmful components and 69 of it, are carcinogenic. Smoking is a risk factor of health problems, such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, neoplasmic, and endocrine diseases. Smoking is related to hypoadiponectinemia. Adiponectin plays a role in insulin through various interactions. Nicotine contained in cigarettes circulates in systemic and causes oxidative stress. It is characterized by an increase in TNFα and IL-6 in adipocyte cells. TNFα could inhibit adiponectin transcription mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) which phosphorylates PPARγ thereby reducing its DNA binding activity. Physiologically, PPARγ is involved in the formation and secretion of chaperonin, ErolLα, and DsbA-L proteins. Ero1-Lα can increase the secretion of HMW adiponectin and DsbA-L which works as a disulfide isomerase protein that can arrange adiponectin disulfide bonds for multimerization. Decreased ErolLα and DsbA-L secretions can reduce adiponectin levels. Cytokines IL-6 can inhibit adiponectin transcription in vitro on 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Decreased adiponectin levels will reduce the activation of IRS 1/2 which is the main signaling pathway in relation to insulin sensitivity by adiponectin, so insulin resistance will occur. This shows the nicotine content in cigarettes that causes a decrease in plasma adiponectin levels so that insulin resistance occurs, thus smoking becomes one of the risk factors caused by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Mallet Finger Tiffani Dinda Ashar; Helmi Ismunandar
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Mallet finger is finger deformity caused by disruption of the extensor tendon terminates at the distal phalanx. The disruption may occur in tendons (tendinous form/ soft tissue form) and bones (bony form / avulsion fracture). These injuries are ubiquitous in workplace and sports. Anamnesis need include patient’s recent history likely mechanism of injury, present with or without pain, and difficulty using affecting finger. The examination found passively reducible mallet deformity, swelling, and or ecchymosis of dorsal distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ), and pressure in painful. The lateral and anteroposterior x-ray will usually confirm the diagnosis. Most mallet injuries can be treated nonsurgical by splinting, surgery is occasionally recommended. Overall goals of treatment are to restore active DIPJ extension, maintain DIPJ flexion, prevent the development of secondary deformity, avoid subluxation of the DIP joint, and minimize the risk of post-traumatic arthritis.
Persepsi Mahasiswa terhadap Peer-Assisted Learning dalam Proses Pembelajaran di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung: Sebuah Studi Kualitatif Muhammad Rifath Akbar; Dwita Oktaria; Khairun Nisa; Merry Indah Sari
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 1 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Peer-assisted learning (PAL) is one of the teaching methods used in the Faculty of Medicine Lampung University. PAL is learning undertaken by fellow students, and it does not involve professional lecturer in the process. This study aims to describe in depth the students' perceptions of PAL in the learning process at the Faculty of Medicine, Lampung University. This study used a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach and for participant recruitment technique in this study used maximum sampling variation. Main participants in this study were students of the class of 2016 and 2015, consisting of 24 people who were men and women, peer tutors, and peer tutees. The main data were retrieve5d through focus group discussions held 3 times, while a triangulation of data researchers used in-depth interviews with lecturers who conduct PAL, and PAL activity observations. There were many perceptions of students regarding definition and benefits of PAL, and factors that affected PAL which included supporting factors, such as good communication of peer tutors and materials, provided by peer tutors, which corresponded to the purpose of learning. Factors which could interfere the implementation of PAL included realization, peer tutor, and peer tutees readiness, There was also students perception regarding hope for PAL implementation, for examples, conducting PAL in CSL, usage of technology, and evaluation in the implementation. Perception of students on PAL at Faculty of Medicine Lampung University showed that both peer tutor and peer tutees influence one another in the implementation.

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